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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 6 different cell types found in Connective Tissue
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Fibroblasts, Macrophages, Plasma Cells, Mast Cells, Leukocytes, and Adipocytes.
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Name the two types of Extracellular Matrix
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Fibers and Ground Substance
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Fibroblasts
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What are the 3 proteins of Fibers?
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The three proteins of fibers are: Collagen, Reticular, and Elastic
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What are the 3 types of Ground Substance?
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The three types of Ground Substances are: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGS), Proteoglycans, and Multiadhesive glycoproteins.
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What are the 3 Major Classes of Components that make up Connective Tissue?
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The 3 major classes of components are: Cells, Extracellular Matrix, and Tissue Fluid
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What kind of cell does Fibroblasts originate from?
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Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Cells
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What kind of cell does Macrophages originate from?
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Hematopoietic Stem Cells
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Plasma cells, where does it originate from?
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originate from Hematopoietic Stem Cells
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What kind of cell does Leukocytes originate from?
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Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Cells
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What kind of cell does Adipocytes originate from?
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Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Cells
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What is the function of Fibroblasts?
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They are responsible for the synthesis of Extracellular Matrix Components
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Macrophages and Lysosome
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Name the cell...and what is the filling?
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Mast cells filled with basophilic secretory granules
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Plasma Cells
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What is the function of Plasma Cells?
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They are responsible for producing antibodies
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Why are mast cells needed?
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For defense-they secrete:
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What are the 5 components that Mast cells secrete and what are their functions?
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Heparin-anticoagulant
Histamine-Increased vascular permeability; smooth muscle contraction Serine Proteases-Activate Mediators of inflammation Chemotactic Factors-Attract Leukocytes Leukotrienes-Trigger Smooth Muscle Contraction |
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What is type of cell is this and what is the arrow pointing to?
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Mast Cell
Arrow is pointing at secretory granules |
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Name left to right; row by row
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Leukocytes
Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte Monocyte |
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What is Diapedesis?
And describe the process.... |
When leukocytes cross walls of venules and capillaries.
Cytokines are released at sites of injury, infection, and inflammation. Vascular permeability and chemotaxis (guide) leukocytes to cross over. |
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What is this process called?
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Diapedesis
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What is this?
What is in the middle? |
These are adipocytes with a large lipid droplet in the middle
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What are the 4 categories of collagen?
And what type of collagen are in each category? |
1. Collagen that form Long Fibrils = Type I, II, III, V, and XI (SIX)
2. Fibril-Associated Collagen = Types IX, XII, XIV 3. Collagen that form Anchoring Fibrils= Type VII 4. Collagen that form Networks: Type IV |
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How prevalent is Collagen Type I and what does it do?
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Most abundant and widespread; provides tensile strength
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c = collagen bundles
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Which type of fiber has mainly Collagen Type III?
What kind of support does it provide? Describe its meshwork. |
Reticular Fibers
It is heavily glycosylated; forms delicate branched, flexible "reticular" supporting meshwork in highly cellular tissue. |
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Fiber-Reticular Fibers in the
Adrenal Cortex (left) Lymph Nodes (right) |
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Left Photo:
Top Arrow: Elastic Fibers Bottom Arrow: Collagen Fibers Right Photo: Top Arrow: Elastin Fibers Bottom Arrow: Collagen Fibers |
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What are elastic fibers made of?
(IF you miss this, slap yourself!) |
Elastin and Fibrillin
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What are some characteristics of Elastic Fibers?
What are some differences between collagen verses elastic fibers? |
Highly hydrophobic protein
Similar to Collagen: rich in proline and glycine Different from Collagen: not glycosylated and contains little hydroxyproline |
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Describe 4 characteristics of Ground Substance
(including the macromolecules that make up GS) |
1. Viscous
2. Highly hydrated complex mixture of macromolecules: -glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) -Proteoglycans -Multiadhesive Glycoproteins 3. Resists Compressive forces 4. Aqueous phase permits rapid diffusion of nutrients, metabolites, and hormones between the blood and the tissue cells |
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What are GAGS?
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Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Long unbranched polysaccharide chains composed of repeating disaccharide units (generally a uronic acid and an amino sugar) |
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What are Proteoglycans?
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Core proteins to which GAGs are covalently linked
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What are multi-adhesive glycoproteins?
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protein chains bound to branched polysaccharides
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Name 4 Multiadhesive Glycoproteins
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Fibronectin
Laminin Entactin Tenascin |
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What is the function of Multiadhesive Glycoproteins?
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Function as links between cells and ECM constituents = help to mediate normal cell adhesion and migration
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When does Edema occur?
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When fluid movement is blocked by osmotic pressure
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What are the 2 categories of Connective Tissue? And describe their resistance to stress and their physiological appearance
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Loose (areolar):
-not very resistant to stress -Greater proportion ECM , cells -Fewer Fibers -Flexible, well-vascularized Dense can be broken down to A. Irregular: Without definite orientation B. Regular: With definite orientation -Resistant to stress -Clear predominance of collagen fibers |
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Mammary Gland:
Dense is on the left Loose is on the right Skin- Loose irregular on the top Dense on the bottom Tendon with long, parallel bundles of collagen fibers between elongated nuclei of fibrocytes. -Loose on the top -Dense on the bottom |
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Name 4 functions of Connective Tissue
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1. Support
2. Defense 3. Repair and Regeneration 4. Nutrition and Storage |
