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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which country produces the most milk?
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European Union
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What place is Canada in for dairy producing?
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15th
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How much of the world's supply in dairy does Canada give?
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2%
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Where are the most cows in Canada?
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Ontario and Quebec
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Dairy is the ___ largest industry in agriculture, and behind what?
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4th, grains/horticulture/red meats
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How much of Canada's beef production is from dairy breeds?
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25%
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What is the average farm size in Canada?
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65
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How much of the milk surplus is exported as skim milk powder?
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3-5%
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How much milk in Canada is produced as fluid, and how much as industrial?
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35-35%; 55-65%
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What is the average herd size in Saskatchewan?
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106
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What are the advantages of a quota?
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Avoids wide fluctuations in prices
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What are the disadvantages of a quota?
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May protect inefficient producer, may artificially inflate price, harder to enter industry
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How is price of milk production determined?
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Basket of costs decided by milk board; includes feed, labor, etc
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What is the predominant breed in dairy?
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Holstein-Friesian
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What is the most popular grass-fed breed?
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Jersey
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How much of milk yield and milk far is heritable?
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0.2-0.3, 0.5-0.6
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What is needed for physical type in dairy?
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Mammary system, feet and legs, dairy characters
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What does the Western Canadian Dairy Herd Improvement Services do?
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Offers both supervised and owner sampler programs, measures milk production and obtains milk samples one day a month, provides management nfo
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When should heifers be ready to breed and calf? (Dairy)
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15 months, 24 months
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What factors affect milk yield?
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Genetics, stress, feed intake, environment, hormones, disease, water supply, age and size of cow, stage of lactation, milking frequency
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What are the top 3 reasons for culling?
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Low production, infertility, udder problems
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What are the groups in the udder?
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Alveoli, lobules, lobes
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What hormone is essential for milk let-down?
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Oxytocin
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What population of beef cattle does Canada have?
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1%
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What place is Canada in beef producing, and how much of world's supply?
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10, 2%
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What place is Canada in beef exporting, and how much of the world's supply?
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6, 5%
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Where is Canadian beef primarily exported to?
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US 75%, Mexico 10%, Asia 8.5%
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What is the average beef cattle herd size?
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63
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What percentage of beef cattle ranchers own less than 47?
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61%
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Name the 5 most popular beef breeds
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Angus, Simmental, Hereford, Charolais, Limousin
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What are full-blooded, purebred, percentage and straightbred animals?
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Only have breed in ancestry, 15/16ths, graded up, 15/16ths not registered
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What are the 4 categories of marbling?
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Abundant, small, slgiht, trace
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3 measurements of carcass?
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Rib-eye length/width/fat depth
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Cattle year - commercial?
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Jan-Feb: fetal growth
Mar-Apr: calving May: pasture Jun-Jul: mating Aug-Sep: creep feed calves Oct: weaning, select and cull Nov-Dec: feed cheaply and gradually improve quality |
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What are scurrs?
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Wiggle horns; bony or hard hornlike structure growing from skin
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Dehorning methods
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Caustic paste, cutting, electric dehorner
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Castration methods?
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Cutting, ringing, burdizzo
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Most methane comes from?
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Wetlands
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Benefits of wool
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Non-flammable; keeps warmth when wet
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Prepare sheep for shearing
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Avoid penstain, separate sexes/breeds with different staple length; never shear wet sheep
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What is crutching?
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Shear 3 parts prior to lambing: belly, rare end, face
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Kinds of sheep?
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Merino, Suffolk, Ramboulliet, East Fresian Dairy
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Top alternate animals?
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Bison, elk, white tail deer
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Why are red deer not allowed in SK?
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Interbreeds with elk
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What are the products of elk?
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Breeding stock, velvet antler, trophy bulls, venison
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Does freemartinism occur in elk or white deer?
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Elk yes, deer no
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