Final 2

Front 1

Microbe

Back 1

The tiny living thing that can not be seen with out microscopic

Front 2

Virus

Back 2

Is an infectious particle that reproduce by commandeering a host cell and using its machinery to make more virus.

Tiny, non living particle that invade and then reproduce inside a living cell

Front 3

Pathogen

Back 3

Any disease- producing agent ( specially a virus or bacterium or other microorganism )

Front 4

Pandemic

Back 4

An epidemic that is geographically widespread

Front 5

Prokaryotic cell

Back 5

A cell that lack a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; include Achaea and bacteria

Front 6

Eukaryotic cell

Back 6

A cell containing a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

Front 7

Mycelium

Back 7

A cluster of interwoven mass of hyphae aids the fungus in eating and reproduction

Front 8

Motility

Back 8

Is the ability of an organism to move by itself

Seen only in eukaryotic organism

Done only in multicellular organisms

Front 9

Nucleoid

Back 9

Is the region of the a prokaryotic cell that houses the primary DNA. This lesson briefly discusses the nucleoid and its characteristic and how it compares to the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell

Front 10

Plasmid

Back 10

A small, circular, double stranded DNA molecule, which can replicate independently from its chromosomal DNA.

If plasmids are used for experiments, they are called vector

Front 11

Transformation

Back 11

Naked DNA uptake by bacteria

Front 12

Horizontal gene transfer

Back 12

The transfer of gene from one genome to another through mechanism such as transposable elements, plasmid exchange, virtual activity, and perhaps, fission of different organisms

Front 13

Horizontal gene transfer

Back 13

The transfer of genes from one genome to another through mechanism such as transposable elements, plasmid exchange, viral activity, and perhaps, fission of different organism

Front 14

Transformation

Back 14

A movement of a figure in a plane from its original position, the pre-image, to a new position, the image

Front 15

Mycorrhizae

Back 15

Special symbiotic relationship between fungus and plant root. Plant provides fungus with organic molecules;

Fungus provides plant with greater access to reliable source of inorganic nutrient

Front 16

Transduction

Back 16

the process of using a bacteriophage to move pieces of chromosomal DNA from one bacterial cell to another

Front 17

F factor

Back 17

A fertility factor in bacteria;

A DNA segment that confers the ability to form pili for conjugation and associated functions required for the transfer of DNA from donor to recipient. It may exist as a plasmid or be integrated into the bacterial chromosome

Front 18

Hfr cell

Back 18

A cell with the F plasmid integrates into the chromosome

Front 19

Lichen

Back 19

Is a fungus that consists of two or more species of organism that live together with photosynthesis partner.

The fungus is the shelter or protector of the grouping, while the photosynthetic partners provide the food

Front 20

Antibiotic resistance

Back 20

Ability of bacteria or other microbes to resist the effects of an antibiotic

Front 21

Bioremediation

Back 21

Is the process of cleaning up environmental sites contaminated with chemical pollutants by using living organisms to degrade hazardous material into less toxic ones

Front 22

Phototroph

Back 22

The process that converts solar energy into chemical energy

Front 23

Chemotroph

Back 23

Can not photosynthesize

Obtain their energy from other resource

Front 24

Autotroph

Back 24

An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produces its own food

Front 25

Heterotrophs

Back 25

An organism that can not make its own food and gets its food by consuming other living things

Front 26

Obligate aerobic

Back 26

An organism that requires oxygen to grow. Through cellular respiration, there organism use oxygen to metabolize substance, like sugar or fats, to obtain energy

Front 27

Obligated anaerobic

Back 27

Are microorganisms that are killed by normal atmospheric concentrations of oxygen

Front 28

Spore

Back 28

can form within vegetative cells and can cause spoilage of high acid foods

Front 29

Aerobic respiration

Back 29

Process that occurs mostly in the mitochondrion that requires oxygen gas, consumes sugar and produces ATP, every efficient

Front 30

Anaerobic respiration

Back 30

Occurs in cytosol, no oxygen present, makes ATP, much less efficient

Front 31

Facultative anaerobic

Back 31

Organisms that can produce energy via a robin respiration using oxygen as the final electron acceptor, or in the absence of oxygen, can perform fermentation or anaerobic respiration, which uses something besides oxygen as a final electron acceptor such as sulfate

Front 32

Nitro fixation

Back 32

Process by which N2 is reduced to NH3 by nitrogen and then converted to cellular material

Front 33

Parasitism

Back 33

A relationship in which one kind of organism lives on or in another organism and may harm

Front 34

Mutualism

Back 34

A relationship in which both plants/ animal benefit

Front 35

Commensalism

Back 35

A relationship between 2 plants/ animals in which one benefits and the other is uncharged

Front 36

Gram-negative bacteria

Back 36

stain is pink, thin peptidoglycan

3 layers in cell envelope

-Inner membrane ( lipid bilateral)

- thin peptidoglycan layer

- outer membrane

Front 37

Gram- positive bacteria

Back 37

Bacteria that retains purple stain inside the wall during the gram staining procedure, it has the thick peptidoglycan layer, purple positive protein