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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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auteur theory |
a critical theory, developed first in France in the 1940s, which holds that the director can be the primary creator of a film |
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back projection |
projection of film onto a transparent screen, which serves as a background while the action is being shot |
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blimp |
a sound-deadening housing designed for movie cameras to ensure that they are quiet during filming and that the motor can't be heard on set |
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cinema verite |
a style of filmmaking in which the camera simply documents the action in front of it, without interfering with the participants, as in a documentary. No narration--also known as "direct cinema" in England |
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depth of field |
depth of composition of a shot i.e. where there are several planes, a foreground, a middle ground, and a background |
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depth of focus |
a technical adjustment that ensures that a shot with depth of field remains in focus in all its planes. Popularized by cinematographer Gregg Toland in Citizen Kane but used as far back as silent films |
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dissolve |
a gradual transition from one shot into another so that at a certain point both images overlap and are visible simultaneously |
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establishing shot |
a shot, usually at the beginning of a sequence, that establishes the location of action or the time of day |
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fade in |
a device used at the beginning of a sequence where the image gradually lightens from complete darkness |
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fade out |
used at the end of a sequence, where the image gradually darkens to complete blackness |
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film gauge |
the width of the motion picture film used in the camera. Standard gauges are 35mm, 16mm, and 8 mm |
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film noir |
a style of filmmaking, popular in the US after WW2, which used harsh shadows, flashbacks, and voiceovers, and typically presented a downbeat, fatalistic view of society |
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film rip |
the film breaking or shredding in the projection gate during the screening of a film or in the camera during the photography of a film |
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fast motion |
a camera device whereby the movement of the action is sped up, generally used for comic effects |
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flashback |
occurs when the film's forward narrative is interrupted by an event from the past |
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Foley |
sound effects added in post-production to enhance visuals, such as gunshots, footsteps, or explosions |
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freeze |
an optical effect whereby one image is held for a time and the action seems to become a still photograph |
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gaffer |
the head electrician on a movie set |
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genre film |
a film that follows a predictable plot pattern (horror film, western, musical, etc.) |
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grip |
a person on a film set who lays down dolly tracks, sets up lights, and generally does the hard physical work |
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high angle shot |
a shot from above that points down on the action |
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insert |
an inserted shot, usually a close-up, used to reveal something in greater detail |
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intercut shots |
a series of shots that are alternated to create suspense, usually of two different events happening at the same time |
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irising |
gradual opening or closing down of the image from or to a small point of light, often used in silent film |
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jump cuts |
an abrupt cut from one scene to the next, or within a scene, to compress time and make the film move more quickly |
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long shot |
shot taken from distance (usually not less than 50 yards from the actions) |
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low angle shot |
shot taken from below and pointing up at the action |
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mask |
a device for covering part of the screen with blackness, frequently used to create the effect of looking through binoculars or a keyhole |
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master shot |
a wide shot in a film, usually of a group of people, performing a scene in its entirety |
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medium shot |
a shot from five to fifteen yards e.g. one that includes a small group of people in its entirety |
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montage |
the structure of editing within a film |
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off-screen |
action or dialogue that occurs outside the area viewed by the camera |
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overexposed |
describes a shot in which more than a usual amount of light has been allowed to reach the film, thus producing a blinding, glaring effect |
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overlap |
dialogue in which two or more characters speak simultaneously |
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pan (or panoramic shot) |
a horizontal or circular movement of the camera on its pivot |
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post-production |
the editing, musical scoring, and final completion of a film after shooting |
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post-synchronize |
to make a recordin of the sound track for a film in a sound studio with the actors speaking their lines in accompaniment to the projected film |
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reverse motion |
a trick effect that reverses the movements of the characters and objects |
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runner |
person on the film set who runs errands, assists the other technicians, and does general chores |
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rushes |
the result of a day's shooting when the film comes back from the laboratories after development and has not yet been edited |
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shock cuts |
the abrupt replacement of one image by another, usually for dramatic effect |
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shot |
the smallest unit in the grammar of film; one angle of a specific person or object within the film before editing |
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soft focus |
the effect obtained by gauze in front of the lens of a camera, which creates a hazy, romantic effect, used often in films of the 30s |
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stock shot
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shot taken from a film library that has been photographed for another film, but which is spliced into a new film to save money or present a historical event |
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telephoto lens |
a lens that magnified like a telescope, bringing the object closer to the viewer without moving the camera |
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tilt up or down |
when the camera tilts up or down towards the action |
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track in, track back |
a movement of the camera on a dolly toward or away from an object or character (used in travelling shots) |
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underexposed |
the opposite of overexposed, thus producing a dim, indistinct image |
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voiceover |
narration or dialogue presented on the sound track of a film to explain the film's action, plot, or characters |
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wide-angle lens |
a lens with a wide range of field, which exaggerats depth and perspective |
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wipe |
a device whereby a line moves across the screen, replacing one image and introducing another |
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zoom |
a lens of variable focal length. Can by magnifying or reducing the image give the effect of moving closer or farther away from an object |
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diegetic sound |
sounds in a film that on-screen characters experience |
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non-diegetic sound |
sounds in a film that on-screen characters are not aware of such as narration or musical tracks |
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leitmotif |
a recurrent theme throughout a film, associated with a particular person, idea, or situation.
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