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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mise-en-scene means
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put into scene
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Mise-en-scene includes
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setting, lighting, coustime, and the behavior of the figures (staging)
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Two basic types of shadown, each of which is important in film compositon is
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attached shodows, or shdacding and cast shadows
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For our purposes, we can isolate four major features of iflm lighting:
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its quality, direction, source and color
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Fontal lighting
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eliminates showadows
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Backlighting
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comes from behind the subject in the film
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Underlighting
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comes from below the subject
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To plighiting
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spotlight shines down directly on something
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Any subject normally requires tow light sources
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a key light and a fill light
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The primary source of light is the key light
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provides the dominant illumination and casting the shongest shadows
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A fill light is
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a less intese illumination that "fills in" , softening or eliminating shadows cast by the key lights
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Three-point lighting
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a backlight, highlight, edge-light
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An overall lighting design taht uses fill and back light to create low contrast between brighter and darker areas
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high-key lighting
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Creates stronger contrasts and sharper, darker shadowns. Often the lighting is hard, and the fill light is lessned or eliminated all togehter
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low key lighting
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Cinematographic qualities involves three factors
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the photgraphic aspect of the shot, the framing of the shot, and the duration of the shot
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Cinematograph means
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writing in movement
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a common arragement within classical hollywood cinema that uses three directions of illumination on the scene: from behind the subject, from one bright source, and from a less bright source balancing the keylight.
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three-point lighting
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A camera movement with the camera body turning to the right or left. On the screen, it produces a mobile framing which scans the space horizontally.
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Pan Shot
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A camera movement with the camera body swiveling upward or downward on a stationary support. It produces a mobile framing that scans the space vertically.
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Tilt Shot
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A shot with a change in framing accomplished by having the camera above the ground and moving through the air in any direction.
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Crane Shot
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A mobile framing that travels through space forward, backward, or laterally. In the example below, the shot begins as Rick and Stanley arrive at the studio and meet Cynthia, then follows Rick through the halls, then transfers to an assistant, then picks up Cynthia and Stanley, then transfers to Mary. This single, continuous shot takes a little over two minutes onscreen.
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Tracking / Dolly Shot
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In technical terms the ___________ is the distance from the ccenter of the lens to the point where light rays converge to a point of cous on the film.
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focal length
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Focal length alter the
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perceived magnification, depth, and scale of things in the image.
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Three kinds of focal length
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Short (wide angle), Middle (normal), long (telephoto)
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The relationship of the frames height and width
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Aspect ratio
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Three general types of angles
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straight on angle, the high angel, and the low angle
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The straigt-on angle
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is the most common
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The high-angle
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positions us looking down at the material within the frame
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The low angle framing
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positions us at lookin gup at the framed materials
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is very small, a buidlign, landscape, or crowd of people fills the screen
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extreme long shot
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is small; a standing human figure appears nearly the height of the screen
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long shot
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a framing at a distance that makes an object about four or five feet high appear to fill most of the screen vertically
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medium long shot
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is of moderat size
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medium shot
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is of moderately large size
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medium close up shot
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is large; most commonly a head seen fromt the neck up
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close up shot
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is large; most commonly a head seen fromt the neck up
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close up shot
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a framing in which the scale of the object shown is very large
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extreme close up
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a view in which the frame is not level, either the right or left side is lower than the other, causing objects in the scene to appaer slanted out of an upright positon
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canted framing
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A use of the camera lens and lighting that keep both the close and distant planes being photographed in sharp foucs; a restricted depth of field that keeps only one plane in sharp focus
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deep/selective focus shot
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A dark screen that gradually brightens as a shot appears (fade in); a shot gradually disappears as the screen darkens (fade out). Occasionally, fade outs brighten to pure white or to a color.
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Fade in / out
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A transition between two shots during which the first image gradually disappears while the second image gradually appears; for a moment the two images blend in superimposition.
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Dissolve
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A transition between shots in which a line passes across the screen, eliminating one shot as it goes and replacing it with the next one.
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Wipe
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A transition from one shot to another. Typically, straight cuts are perceived as instantaneous in terms of story time.
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Cut
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Alternating shots of two or more lines of action occurring in different places, usually simultaneously.
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Crosscutting
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Plot shows past events and then returns to present (flashback); plot shows future events and then returns to present (flashforward
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Flashback / forward
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Shot transitions that omit parts of an event, causing an action to consume less time on the screen than it does in the story.
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Elliptical Editing
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Two or more shots edited together that alternate characters, typically in a conversation situation.
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Shot / Reverse-shot
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Cuts that repeat part or all of an action in order to expand its viewing time and plot duration.
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Overlapping Editing
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Two shots that repeat, in part or in whole, a single story event.
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Frequency / Repetitive Editing
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Any sound presented as originating from a source within the world of the story (diegetic sound); any sound presented as originating from outside the space of the world of the story (nondiegetic sound).
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Diegetic / nondiegetic sound
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Sound that comes from the mind of a character within the story that we assume other characters in the scene cannot hear
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Internal / external diegetic sound
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Sound that is matched temporally with the movements occuring in the images (synchronous sound); sound that is not matched temporally with movements occuring in the images
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Synchronous / asynchronous sound
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Diegetic sound that occurs at the same time in the story as the image it accompanies; diegetic sound that comes from a source in time earlier or later than the image it accompanies
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Simultaneous / nonsimultaneous sound
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Four dimensions of editing
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graphic, rhythmic, spatial, temporal
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Four dimensions of sound:
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rhythm, fidelity, spatial, temporal
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The 180 degree line
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ensures that relative positions in the frame remain consistent
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The Graduated was restricted or unrestricted
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Third-person restricted
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Clssical Hollywood cinema
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pan, tilt, tracking/dolly, crane
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The Rear Window was restricted or unrestricted
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third-person restricted
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"Any series of shots that in the absense of an establishing shot prompts the spectator to inter a spatial whole"
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Kuleshov effect
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"match on action"- editing techineque matching one shot to antoehr
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spatial continunity
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2001: Space Odyssey restricted or unrestricted
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(very) unrestricted
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