Film Ch 5

Front 1

Contrast

Back 1

The degree of difference between the darkest and lightest areas of the frame

Front 2

Tinting

Back 2

Dipping the already developed film into a bath of dye

Front 3

Toning

Back 3

Dye added during the developing of the positive print

Front 4

Hand Coloring

Back 4

Black-and-white images are painted in colors, frame by frame

Front 5

Exposure

Back 5

Regulating how much light passes through the camera lens

Front 6

Filters

Back 6

Slices of glass or gelatin put in front of the lens of the camera or printer to reduce certain frequencies of light reaching the film

Front 7

Rate (In Shooting)

Back 7

The number of frames exposed per second

Front 8

Rate (In Production)

Back 8

The number of frames thrown on the screen per second

Front 9

Lens

Back 9

Gathers light from the scene and transmits that light onto the flat surface of the film to form an image that represents size, depth, and other dimensions of the scene

Front 10

Focal Length

Back 10

The distance from the center of the lens to the point at which the light rays meet in sharp focus; Determines the perspective relations of the space represented on the flat screen

Front 11

Wide-angle lens

Back 11

A lens of less than 35mm in focal length; Distort straight lines lying near the edges of the frame, bulging them outward; Makes moving objects seem like they’re coving more ground because distance in foreground and background seem greater

Front 12

Normal Lens

Back 12

A lens with 35 to 50mm in focal length; Things look normal

Front 13

Telephoto Lens

Back 13

75 to 250mm or more in focal length; Flatten the space along the camera axis; Planes look squashed together

Front 14

Zoom Lens

Back 14

Lens with a focal length that can be changed during a shot

Front 15

Depth of Field

Back 15

The range of distances before the lens within which objects can be photographed in sharp focus

Front 16

Focus

Back 16

The degree to which light rays coming from the same part of an object through different parts of the lens reconverge at the same point in the film frame, creating sharp outlines and distant textures

Front 17

Selective Focus

Back 17

Choosing to focus on only one plane and letting the other planes blur

Front 18

Racking Focus

Back 18

Object in foreground and background switch blur and sharpness

Front 19

Superimposition

Back 19

One images is laid over another

Front 20

Projection Process Work

Back 20

Filmmaker projects footage of a setting onto a screen, then films actors performing in front of the screen

Front 21

Rear Projection

Back 21

Background imagery is projected from behind the screen

Front 22

Front Projection

Back 22

Background imagery is projected from the front onto a screen; figures in the foreground are filmed in front of the screen as well

Front 23

Frame

Back 23

A single image on the strip of film

Front 24

Framing

Back 24

The use of the edges of the film frame to select and to compose what will be visible onscreen

Front 25

Aspect Ratio

Back 25

The ratio of frame width to frame height

Front 26

Academy Ratio

Back 26

Standardized shape of the film frame established by the Academy; 1 1/3 times as wide as high

Front 27

Anamorphic Process

Back 27

Lens squeezes images horizontally

Front 28

Level

Back 28

Framing parallel to the horizon

Front 29

Canted Framing

Back 29

If the framing is tipped to ones side or the other

Front 30

Extreme Long Shot

Back 30

Human figure is barely visible; landscapes, bird's-eye-view

Front 31

Long Shot

Back 31

Figures are prominent; background dominates; we usually see the whole body of the figure(s)

Front 32

Medium Shot

Back 32

Human body from the waste up

Front 33

Medium Close-Up

Back 33

Frames the body from the chest up

Front 34

Close-Up

Back 34

Shot showing just the head, hands, feet, or small object

Front 35

Extreme Close-Up

Back 35

Singles out a portion of the face, often eyes or lips

Front 36

Pan

Back 36

Rotates the camera on a vertical axis; camera turns its head right or left

Front 37

Tilt

Back 37

Rotates the camera on a horizontal axis; camera swivels head up or down

Front 38

Tracking/Dolly Shot

Back 38

Camera changes position as a whole; camera follows figures

Front 39

Crane Shot

Back 39

Camera moves above ground level, typically rising or decending

Front 40

Reframing

Back 40

Short panning or tilting movements to adjust for the figures' movements, keeping them onscreen or centered

Front 41

Following Shot

Back 41

Shot that follows the figure through the set

Front 42

Long Take

Back 42

An exceptionally long scene in a film with no cuts