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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
When you measure something in meters cubed, you are measuring _______.
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volume.
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If you were to round off the measurement 2.33501 grams to three digits, you would get _____.
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2.34g
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A bowler who always left the same three pins standing could be considered a(n) _______bowler.
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precise
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A millisecond is to a second as one is to ______.
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1,000
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A cubic centimeter can be expressed as _______.
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cm3 or cc
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SI units are useful because they are all related by multiples of ____.
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10
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Which visual displays would be best for describing the percentages of different gases in the atmosphere?
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circle graph
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Matter that has the same composition and properties throughout is called a(n)_______.
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substance
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When two pure substances are combined so that each of the pure substances retains its own properties the result is a(n) ______.
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mixture
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In general, metals are_______.
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good conductors of heat, shiny, have a metallic luster, they are malleable.
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Which of these statements about matter is NOT true
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during chemical changes, matter is destroyed.
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The millions of compounds that exdist are made from approximately ______ elements.
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114
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Most of the mass of an atom is found in its _______.
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nucleus
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Vegetable soup is an example of a ________.
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heterogenous mixture
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When someone stirs cocoa powder into hot water or hot milk, the cocoa changes from a _______
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solid to a liquid
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A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. It's mass number is ________
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56 (number of protons plus the number of neutrons)
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____ has mass and takes up space.
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Matter
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The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance is the _______.
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temperature
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The _______ is a unit of force
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newton
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Archemedes' Principle helps to explain the relationship between_______.
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buoyancy and density
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As a sample of matter is cooled, which property of its particles increases?
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cohesive forces
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The freezing point of a substance is _______ the melting point of the same substance.
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same as
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Kinetic energy is the ______ of motion.
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energy
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Pascal's Principle can be applied to__________.
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Pressure applied to enclosed fluids.
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Which objects are like a crystalline solid?
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Salt, Diamonds,Sugar, Sand and Snow.
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An amorphous solid is _________.
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A solid that comes together without froming crystal structures. Rubber, plastic and glass are examples.
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Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's _____.
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thickness. The slower a liquid flows the higher the viscosity.
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For most substances, the distance between particles is smallest when the substance _________
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exists as a chrystalline solid.
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A cork is able to float on water because it is_______
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less dense than the water.
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The following are examples of physical properties________
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-color, size, solubility, density are examples of physical properties. They are characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance into something else.
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What are the states of matter?
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solid, liquid and gas
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Density is an example of a ______
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size, independent property.
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Density is equal to__________.
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mass/volume
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An acidic sample has a pH_____
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less than 7
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A basic sample has a pH range ____
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7.1-14.0
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A neutral sample has a pH____.
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7.0
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A characteristic of matter that allows it to change to something new is a ________.
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chemical property
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Examples of chemical properties are_______
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ability to burn; ability to react with oxygen nd ability to corrode
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One of the chemical properties of bases is that they______
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can damage human tissue
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Acids and bases can be_______
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taste sour, bitter and are slippery
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All of the following are examples of physical changes_______
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changing from a liquid, solid, gas.
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All of the following are examples of chemical weathering____
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cave formations
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Give an example of physical change.
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evaporation in a swamp
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Give an example of a chemical change.
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burning paper
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Speed is the rate of change in ____.
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distance
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To describe velocity you need to know_________.
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speed and direction
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When you graph the motion of an object, you put ____ on the horizontal axis and ___on the vertical axis
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time
speed |
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Acceleration involves a change in______
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direction and speed
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Acceleration is a change in _____
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velocity divided by the time it takes for the change to occur
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On a speed-time graph, a horizontal line shows the change in speed is______
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0
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Inertia
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tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion
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If you exert a force on an object in motion you will change its_____
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momentum
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The distance traveled divided by the time taken to travel the distance is _____
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speed
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When object A collides with object B and bounces back, its final momentum is ______its initial momentum.
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in the opposite direction of
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When a toy truck collides into a toy car, the momentum of ___is the same before and after the collision.
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the truck plus the car
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Momentum is a measure of______
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how hard it is to stop an object.
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Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are______.
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balanced forces
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If gravity did not affect the path of a horizontally thrown ball, the ball would _____
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travel horizontally
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Newton's first law of motion states that an object remains at rest unless a _____force acts on it
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external
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Air resistence _______as you move faster.
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increases
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The force you have to overcome to start an object moving is_____
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static friction
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Whenever a body is in motion, there is always ______to oppose the motion
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friction
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The upward force on an object falling through the air is _______
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air resistance
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The relationship among force, mass, and acceleration is stated in ______
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Newton's second Law of Motion
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A feather falls through the air more slowly than a brick because of________
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air resistance
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According to Newton's second Law of Motion_______
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an object acted upon by a net force will accelerate in the direction of the force, and that the acceleration equals the net force divided by the objects mass.
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A 3,000-N force gives an object an acceleration of 15 m/s2. The mass of the object is ______
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200 kg
p=mv 3,000-N=m(15m/s2) |
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A 300-N force acts on a 25-kg object. The acceleration of the object is_____
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12m/s2
P=mv 300=25(x) |
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The statement "for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction" is a staement of ______
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Newton's third Law
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When a diver jumps off a diving board, gravity pulls him or her down to the water. What is the reactionforce to Earth's gravity?
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Air resistance
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When you see a change in the enviornment you know that _____has been transferred
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energy
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A rock on a cliff has ____energy
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potential
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A banana has _____ energy
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chemical
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A kite flying over the ocean has ____ energy
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potential kinetic
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In every energy transformation, some energy is always "lost' as _____ energy
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thermal
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Unlike other forms of energy, thermal energy is hard to _____
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store.
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In a nuclear power plant, nuclear energy is first changed to _____ energy
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thermal
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Most plants use a ______ to turn a generator
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turbine
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_______is a fossil fuel
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coal, oil, and natural gas
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The form of energy in fossil fuels is _____energy
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chemical
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_______is an alternative resource
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solar energy, wind and geothermal energy
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A photovoltaic converts______energy.
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radiant to ecectrical
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A disadvantage of nuclear energy is the ________produced
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radioactive waste
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Give an example of mechanical wave.
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transverse waves, compressional waves, and sound waves.
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Give examples of electromagnetic waves.
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radiowaves, microwaves, infrared waves,ultraviolet waves,xrays and gammarays
-they are made from electric and magnetic fields -they have a frequency and a wavelength |
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Give an example of acompressional wave
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-matter in the medium moves forward and backward along the same direction that the wave travels
-squeezing together and releasing several coils of a coiled spring toy is one example |
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Tsunamis have a large amount of energy because of their large _____
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amplitude
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Which determines the color of a lightwave?
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wavelength and frequency
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A place where molecules are far apart is a
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rarefaction
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The speed of sound through air is about _______
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340m/s
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When light bounces off a surface it is called _______
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reflection
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Which one of the following cases will refraction occur?
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light traveling from air to glass
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Constructive interference occurs when waves meet______
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crest to crest
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If you round 6.941g to the nearest tenth of a unit it is ____
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6.94g
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If you round 25.643 to the nearest ones place it is______
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25.6
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When you are making an estimation you should rely on_____
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precise experience
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Precision is the ability to remain_____
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consistent
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Why was the SI established?
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To avoid confusion and provide a world wide way of measuring
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The meter is the unit of measurement for______
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length
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Mass is measured in what unit_____
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kilogram or gram
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To measure the volume you might use_______
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a graduated cylinder, ruler and a beaker
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Weight is a measurement of_____
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the force which must be applied to support an object in a gravitational field
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The formula for Density is_____
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D=m/v (Mass/Volume)
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The formula for Pressure is_____
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P=F/A (Force/Area)
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The pressure on an object is equal to the _____applied to the surface of the object
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pressure
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If you are walking in the snow and add snowshoes to your boots, the pressure on the snow would____
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decrease
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A fluid always _____
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applies equal pressure in all directions
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The pressure a fluid exerts on an object is_____the surface of the object
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proportional
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The buoyant force_____
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is equal to the weight of an object, the object will float. If the buoyant force is less than the object, the object will sink.
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As an object falls deeper into a fluid, the buoyant force____
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remains the same
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The buoyant force on an object is equal to the ____
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weight of the fluid displaced by the object
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