Figures Of Speech

Front 1

The two commonplace systems for grouping the Figures of Speech.

Back 1

figures of speech/figures of thought OR schemes/tropes

Front 2

The five canons.

Back 2

invention, arrangement, style, memory, delivery

Front 3

What is a figure of speech?

Back 3

Referred to as turns of phrase, schemes, tropes, ornaments, colors, flowers. Using language in an unusual or "figured" way. Not literal language. Typically divided into schemes and tropes.

Front 4

accumulation

Back 4

Summarization of previous arguments in a forceful manner. -- scheme

Front 5

adnominatio

Back 5

Repetition of a word with a change in letter or sound -- scheme

Front 6

alliteration

Back 6

A series of words that begin with the same letter or sound alike -- scheme

Front 7

anacoluthon

Back 7

A change in the syntax within a sentence -- scheme

Front 8

anadiplosis

Back 8

Repetition of a word at the end of a clause at the beginning of another -- scheme

Front 9

anaphora

Back 9

schem repetition same word/groupofwords at successv clausbeginning of successive

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anastrophe

Back 10

Inversion of the usual word order -- scheme

Front 11

anticlimax

Back 11

the arrangement of words in order of decreasing importance -- scheme

Front 12

antimetabole

Back 12

Repetition of words in successive clauses

Front 13

antistrophe

Back 13

repetition of the same word or phrase at end successiveclauses--schm

Front 14

antithesis

Back 14

The juxtaposition of opposing or contrasting ideas--schm

Front 15

aphorismus

Back 15

statement that calls into question the definition of a word--schm

Front 16

aposiopesis

Back 16

Breaking off or pausing speech for dramatic or emotional effect--schm

Front 17

apostrophe

Back 17

Directing attention awayfrom audience to a personified abstraction--schm

Front 18

apposition

Back 18

The placing of two elements side by side

Front 19

assonance

Back 19

repetition vowel sounds commonly within short passage of verse --schm

Front 20

asteismus

Back 20

Facetious or mocking answer that plays on a word--schm

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asyndeton

Back 21

Omission of conjunctions between related clauses--schm

Front 22

cacophony

Back 22

The juxtaposition of words producing a harsh sound--schm

Front 23

classification

Back 23

linking a proper noun and a common noun with an article--schm

Front 24

chiasmus

Back 24

Reversal of grammatical structures in successive clauses

Front 25

climax

Back 25

The arrangement of words in order of increasing importance

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consonance

Back 26

The repetition of consonant sounds

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dystmesis

Back 27

A synonym for tmesis

Front 28

ellipsis

Back 28

Omission of words

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enallage

Back 29

The substitution of forms that are grammatically different but have the same

Front 30

enjambment

Back 30

A breaking of a syntactic unit by the end of line or tween 2verses

Front 31

enthymeme

Back 31

Informal method of presenting a syllogism

Front 32

epanalepsis

Back 32

Repetition initial word(s) of clause/sentence at end of clausesetnece

Front 33

epistrophe

Back 33

The repetition of the same word or group of words at the end of successive

Front 34

euphony

Back 34

The opposite of cacophony - i.e. pleasant sounding

Front 35

hendiadys

Back 35

two nounds ideaexpress when the normal structure would be a noun+modifier

Front 36

hendiatris

Back 36

Use of three nouns to express one idea

Front 37

homographs

Back 37

Words that are identical in spelling but different in origin and meaning

Front 38

homonyms

Back 38

Words that are identical with each other in pronunciation and spelling but

Front 39

homophones

Back 39

Words that are identical with each other in pronunciation but differing in

Front 40

hypallage

Back 40

Changing the order of words so that they are associated with words normally

Front 41

hyperbaton

Back 41

Schemes featuring unusual or inverted word order.

Front 42

hyperbole

Back 42

An exaggeration of a statement.

Front 43

hysteron proteron

Back 43

The inversion of the usual temporal or causal order between two

Front 44

isocolon

Back 44

Use of parallel structures of the same length in successive clauses

Front 45

internal rhyme

Back 45

Using two or more rhyming words in the same sentence

Front 46

kenning

Back 46

A metonymic compound where the terms together form a sort of synecdoche

Front 47

merism

Back 47

Referring to a whole by enumerating some of its parts

Front 48

non sequitur

Back 48

a statement that bears no relationship to the context preceding

Front 49

onomatopoeia

Back 49

A word imitating a real sound (e.g. tick-tock or boom)

Front 50

paradiastole

Back 50

Repetition of the disjunctive pair "neither" and "nor"

Front 51

parallelism

Back 51

The use of similar structures in two or more clauses

Front 52

paraprosdokian

Back 52

Unexpected ending or truncation of a clause

Front 53

parenthesis

Back 53

Insertion of a clause or sentence in a place where it interrupts the natural

Front 54

paroemion

Back 54

A resolute alliteration in which every word in a sentence or phrase begins with

Front 55

parrhesia

Back 55

Speaking openly or boldly or apologizing for doing so (declaring to do so)

Front 56

perissologia

Back 56

The fault of wordiness

Front 57

pleonasm

Back 57

The use of superfluous or redundant words

Front 58

polyptoton

Back 58

Repetition of words derived from the same root

Front 59

polysyndeton

Back 59

Repetition of conjunctions

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pun

Back 60

When a word or phrase is used in two different senses

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sibilance

Back 61

Repetition of letter 's' it is a form of alliteration

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superlative

Back 62

Saying something the best of something i.e. the ugliest

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spoonerism

Back 63

Interchanging of (usually initial) letters of words with amusing effect

Front 64

symploce

Back 64

Simultaneous use of anaphora and epistrophe the repetition of the same word or

Front 65

synchysis

Back 65

Interlocked word order

Front 66

synesis

Back 66

An agreement of words according to the sense and not the grammatical form

Front 67

synizesis

Back 67

The pronunciation of two juxtaposed vowels or diphthongs as a single sound

Front 68

synonymia

Back 68

The use of two or more synonyms in the same clause or sentence

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tautology

Back 69

Redundancy due to superfluous qualification or saying the same thing twice

Front 70

tmesis

Back 70

Division of the elements of a compound word

Front 71

allegory

Back 71

An extended metaphor in which a story is told to illustrate an important

Front 72

alliteration

Back 72

The repetition of the first consonant sound in a phrase.

Front 73

allusion

Back 73

An indirect reference to another work of literature or art

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anacoenosis

Back 74

Posing a question to an audience often with the implication that it shares a

Front 75

antanaclasis

Back 75

A form of pun in which a word is repeated in two different senses

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anthimeria

Back 76

The substitution of one part of speech for another

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anthropomorphism

Back 77

Ascribing human characteristics to something that is not human

Front 78

antimetabole

Back 78

A repetition of words in successive clauses but in transposed grammatical

Front 79

antiphrasis

Back 79

A word or words used contradictory to their usual meaning

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antonomasia

Back 80

The substitution of a phrase for a proper name or vice versa

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aphorism

Back 81

A tersely phrased statement of a truth or opinion

Front 82

apophasis

Back 82

Invoking an idea by denying its invocation

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aporia

Back 83

Deliberating with oneself often with the use of rhetorical questions

Front 84

apostrophe

Back 84

Addressing a thing an abstraction or a person not present

Front 85

archaism

Back 85

Use of an obsolete archaic

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auxesis

Back 86

A form of hyperbole in which a more important sounding word is used in place of

Front 87

catachresis

Back 87

A mixed metaphor (sometimes used by design and sometimes a rhetorical fault)

Front 88

chiasmus

Back 88

The word order in one clause is inverted in the other (inverted parallelism).

Front 89

circumlocution

Back 89

"Talking around" a topic by substituting or adding words as in euphemism

Front 90

commiseration

Back 90

Evoking pity in the audience

Front 91

correctio

Back 91

Linguistic device used for correcting one's mistakes

Front 92

denominatio

Back 92

Another word for metonymy

Front 93

double negative

Back 93

grammar construction that can be used as an expression and it is the

Front 94

dysphemism

Back 94

Substitution of a harsher more offensive

Front 95

epanorthosis

Back 95

Immediate and emphatic self-correction

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enumeratio

Back 96

A form of amplification in which a subject is divided detailing parts

Front 97

causes

Back 97

effects

Front 98

epanados

Back 98

Repetition in a sentence with a reversal of words. Example: The Sabbath was made

Front 99

erotema

Back 99

Synonym for rhetorical question

Front 100

euphemism

Back 100

Substitution of a less offensive or more agreeable term for another

Front 101

hermeneia

Back 101

Repetition for the purpose of interpreting what has already been said

Front 102

hyperbaton

Back 102

Words that naturally belong together are separated from each other for

Front 103

hyperbole

Back 103

Use of exaggerated terms for emphasis

Front 104

hypophora

Back 104

Answering one's own rhetorical question at length

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hysteron proteron

Back 105

Reversal of anticipated order of events: a form of hyperbaton

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innuendo

Back 106

Having a hidden meaning in a sentence that makes sense whether it is detected or

Front 107

invocation

Back 107

An apostrophe to a god or muse

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irony

Back 108

Use of word in a way that conveys a meaning opposite to its usual meaning

Front 109

kataphora

Back 109

the repetition of a cohesive device at the end

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litotes

Back 110

Emphasizing the magnitude of a statement by denying its opposite

Front 111

malapropism

Back 111

Using a word through confusion with a word that sounds similar

Front 112

meiosis

Back 112

Use of understatement

Front 113

merism

Back 113

A statement of opposites to indicate reality

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metalepsis

Back 114

Referring to something through reference to another thing to which it is

Front 115

metaphor

Back 115

A comparison between two things

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metonymy

Back 116

Substitution of a word to suggest what is really meant

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neologism

Back 117

The use of a word or term that has recently been created or has been in use

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onomatopoeia

Back 118

Words that sound like their meaning

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oxymoron

Back 119

Using two terms together that normally contradict each other

Front 120

parable

Back 120

An extended metaphor told as an anecdote to illustrate or teach a moral lesson

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paradox

Back 121

Use of apparently contradictory ideas to point out some underlying truth

Front 122

paradiastole

Back 122

Extenuating a vice in order to flatter or soothe

Front 123

paraprosdokian

Back 123

A phrase in which the latter part causes a rethinking or reframing of the

Front 124

parallel irony

Back 124

An ironic juxtaposition of sentences or situations (informal)

Front 125

paralipsis

Back 125

Drawing attention to something while pretending to pass it over

Front 126

paronomasia

Back 126

A form of pun in which words similar in sound but with different meanings

Front 127

pathetic fallacy

Back 127

Using a word that refers to a human action on something non-human

Front 128

periphrasis

Back 128

Using several words instead of few

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inanimate objects

Back 129

animals

Front 130

praeteritio

Back 130

Another word for paralipsis

Front 131

procatalepsis

Back 131

Refuting anticipated objections as part of the main argument

Front 132

prolepsis

Back 132

Another word for procatalepsis

Front 133

proslepsis

Back 133

An extreme form of paralipsis in which the speaker provides great detail while

Front 134

proverb

Back 134

A succinct or pithy expression of what is commonly observed and believed to be

Front 135

pun

Back 135

A play on words that will have two meanings

Front 136

repetition

Back 136

The repeated usage of word(s)/group of words in the same sentence to create a

Front 137

rhetorical question

Back 137

Asking a question as a way of asserting something. Or asking a

Front 138

satire

Back 138

The use of irony deriding vice folly etc. A literary composition in verse or prose in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn and derision

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simile

Back 139

A comparison between two things using like or as

Front 140

snowclone

Back 140

quoted or misquoted cliché or phrasal template

Front 141

superlative

Back 141

Saying something the best of something i.e. the ugliest

Front 142

syllepsis

Back 142

A form of pun, in which a single word is used to modify two other words with which it normally would have differing meanings

Front 143

syncatabasis

Back 143

"condescension, accommodation", adaptation of style to the level of the audience

Front 144

synecdoche

Back 144

A form of metonymy in which a part stands for the whole

Front 145

synesthesia

Back 145

The description of one kind of sense impression by using words that normally

Front 146

tautology

Back 146

Needless repetition of the same sense in different words Example The children

Front 147

transferred epithet

Back 147

The placing of an adjective with what appears to be the incorrect

Front 148

truism

Back 148

a self-evident statement

Front 149

tricolon diminuens

Back 149

A combination of three elements each decreasing in size

Front 150

tricolon crescens

Back 150

A combination of three elements each increasing in size

Front 151

zeugma

Back 151

a figure of speech related to syllepsis but different in that the word used as a

Front 152

zoomorphism

Back 152

applying animal characteristics to humans or gods

Front 153

antithesis,denotes

Back 153

a

Front 154

Not

Back 154

that

Front 155

"Ye

Back 155

have

Front 156

"Serenity

Back 156

now;

Front 157

euphemism,a

Back 157

substitution

Front 158

paradox,a

Back 158

statement

Front 159

"The

Back 159

swiftest

Front 160

"War

Back 160

is

Front 161

"Some

Back 161

day

Front 162

"Ignorance

Back 162

is

Front 163

parallelism,a

Back 163

balance

Front 164

ex:

Back 164

She

Front 165

instead

Back 165

of: