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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the geriatric giants
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4x Is, immobility incontinence instability intellectual impairment
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why are elderly people prone to the geriatric giants
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accumulation of disease, reduced physiological reserve, failure of homeostasis
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what are clues to delirium in a demented patient
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inattentiveness & decreased alerntess, ask patient to do a countdown, restlessness fidgety restlessness, delusions or hallucinations. Delirium has an acute onset, fluctuating course, and deficits in attention rather than memory.
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causes of reversible dementia
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vitamine deficiencies, endocrine hypothyroidism, SDH, NPH, depression pseudodementia
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The key component of a delirium workup is what?
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review of medications
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What are some risk factures for delirium?
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male sex, severe illness, hip fracture, fever or hypothermia, hypotension, malnutrition, polypharmacy and use of psychoactive medications, sensory impairment, use of restraints, use of IV lines or urinary catheters, metabolic disorders, depression, and alcoholism
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What are important labs for evaluation of delirium?
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CBC, electrolytes, BUN and creatinine, glucose, calcium, albumin, LFTs, UA, and ECG
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How would you manage delirium?
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treat the underlying cause; haloperidol when drugs are necessary
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Define dementia
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an acquired persistent and progressive impairment in intellectual function, with compromise of memory and at least one other cognitive domain
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What's the most common cause of dementia?
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Alzheimer's disease
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Define Lewy body dementia
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fluctuating cognitive impairment with rigidity and bradykinesia
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What is the most common form of urinary incontinence?
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Urge incontinence
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What is the 2nd most common form of urinary incontinence in older women?
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stress incontinence
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Define stress incontinence
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It is urethral incompetence characterized by instantaneous leakage of urine in response to a stress maneuver
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What two incontinence disorders often occur together?
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Urge and stress incontinence
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What is overflow incontinence?
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It is Detrusor underactivity that is usually idiopathic
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How do you treat urge incontinence?
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behavioural therapy
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what should be routine done for elderly patients that develop urinary incontinence?
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DRE, ensure empty bladder and rectum
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