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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What drugs are known to exaccerbate acne?
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Lithium, Phenytoin, some OCPs, anabolic steroids, other steroids
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what is the secretory product that is blocked in the follicle, in acne?
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Sebum
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What bacteria overgrows in the follicle, in acne?
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Propionibacterium acnes
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what hormones drives sebum production, and may contribute to acne?
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androgens
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what point of childhood is acne least common?
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ages 2-8
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T or F: acne is usually due to abnormal hormones?
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False: most people with acne are endocrinologically normal
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Name some endocrinological conditions which may contribute to acne?
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PCOS, endocrine-secreting tumours, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, premature adrenarche
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Name some common lifestyle factors which exacerbate acne?
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greasy skin products; anabolic steroids; hot environments (dehydrates pilosebaceous unit); picking (inc. inflammation)
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which organ should we point the finger at for pre-pubertal acne?
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The Adrenal Glands!
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the most severe type of acne, which contributes to scarring, is known as?
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Nodulocystic Acne
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what is excoriated acne?
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Regular acne, exacerbated by picking
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Blackheads are the form of acne known as?
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Open comedomes
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what topical agents are commonly used for acne?
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tretinoin; benzoyl peroxide; salacylic acid; clindamycin; erythromycin
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how does the topical agent Salacylic acid combat acne?
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it is a keratolytic agent
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Side Effects of topical acne treatment?
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photosensitivity; irritation; scaling; allergic reactions
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what is the first line medication for moderate to severe acne?
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doxycycline PO
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what are alternatives to doxycycline, for oral acne medication?
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minocycline > erythromycin > isotretinoin
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what is the maximum duration of usage suggested for oral antibiotics for acne?
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6 months
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if no improvement is seen with usage of an oral antibiotic for acne, what action should be taken?
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switch antibiotics, and consider augmenting with topical meds
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what is the major benefit and major drawback of (oral) isotretinoin for acne?
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advantage: 80% of people are cured. Disadvantage: teratogenic
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what medication must women be taking simultaneously with isotretinoin, for their acne?
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OCP (teratogen)
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what hormonal medications are available to women, for acne treatment?
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a) progesterone-containing OCPs, b) spironolactone, c) cyproterone acid
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