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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mannitol
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Class: Osmotic Diuretic
Pharm: Sugar compound that decreases intracranial pressure from cerebral edema by promoting systemic diuresis via osmotic diuresis. It creates a concentration gradiant that draws fluid from the cerebral tissues to the vascular space. Indications: Acute Cerebral Edema; Blood transfusion reaction Contra: Pulmonary Edema; CHF Side FX: headache, dizziness, altered mental status Dosage: 2g/kg SLOW over 20 minutes |
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Oxytocin
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Class: Hormone
Pharm: Naturally occurring hormone that causes marked contraction of the uterine smooth muscle towards its normal size and promotes lactation. Indications: Postpartum hemorrhage with hypotension or significant vaginal bleeding after the placenta--use only if fundal massage is unsuccessful. Contra: not to induce labor in the field, never use when fetus is still in mother or possibility of twins Side Effects: too much can lead to rupture of uterus, Hypertension Dosage: Infuse 10 units in 1000 mL over 60 minutes until bleeding stops OR if unable to est IV, 3-10 units IM |
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Propranolol
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Class: Beta blocker
Pharm: It blocks cardiac effects of beta-andrenergic stimulation; it reduces heart rate, myocardial irritability, and force of contraction. Depresses automaticity of sinus node and eptopic pacemaker. Indications: to convert V-fib and pulseless V-tach refractory to Lidocaine. Contra: 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, CHF, Side Effects: Respiratory distress, AV heart block Dosage: 1-3 mg slow IV over 2-5 minutes. May repeat in 2 min. not to exceed 0.1mg/kg |
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Thiamine
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Class: B-Complex Vitamin
Pharm: a coenzyme that is essential for carbohydrate metabolism Indications: alcoholic pts who require dextrose, coma of unknown etiology with suspected alcohol abuse Contra: NONE Side Effects: Nausa and diarrhea. Anaphylaxis if given too fast Dosage: 100 mg IV over 2-5 minutes or IM |
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TPA -- Retaplase
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Class: Fibrinolytic
Pharm: Dissolves existing clots in the vascular system Indications: AMI with ST elevation or LBBB; Acute ischemic stroke; Time of onset <12 hour Contra: internal bleeding w/in 21 days; bleeding disorder; major surgery w/in 14 days Side Effects: Bleeding, N/V, dysrhythmias Dosage: 15mg IV then 0.75mg/kg over 30 minutes |
