Feudal Lords And Church Domination In Medieval Europe

Front 1

Vassal

Back 1

Someone who held land for services

Front 2

Feudalism

Back 2

A political and military system in which lords granted land to vassals in return for military services and other forms of assistance

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Chivalry

Back 3

Law/code that the knights had to live by

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Mail

Back 4

Protection that uses small metal hooks bound to each other
it usually takes 5 years to make

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Fief

Back 5

grant of land

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Black knights

Back 6

What the people called those who were knights b/c they were robbers, booters and mercinaries

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villein

Back 7

One who is not subject to the land of the lord, but borrows his land

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domain

Back 8

Manor land that the lord kept for himself

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page

Back 9

Knight in training. He helped dress a knight and put on his armor

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three estates

Back 10

The 3 social classes which were the clergy (spiritual and religous needs) peasants, (agricultural needs) and knights (protected other 2 groups)

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serf

Back 11

people who were bound to the land. they could not leave land unless permitted, which was very rare. They were not slaves but owed to a higher noble

Front 12

Charlemange

Back 12

developed a vast empire most of europe, was crowned by pope

Front 13

Treaty of Verdun

Back 13

843 Treaty in which Charlemagne's empire was split into 3 parts; one for each of his sons

Front 14

Philip Augustus

Back 14

King of France from 1180 to 1223. He recaptured most of the land the British had previously taken. This played a huge role in the expansion of France's Royal power

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Henry II

Back 15

Harsh English King. Established Common Law and the Grand Jury and the Magna Carta.

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Fallow

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Land unplanted for regaining fertility.

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Circuit Judges

Back 17

Hired Judges for moving around on certain routes

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squire

Back 18

knight's personal servant

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primogeniture

Back 19

land is inherited to the son(s)

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lord

Back 20

noble who receives land from someone higher and gives it to vassals in return for services.

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common law

Back 21

law codes based on judges decisions, throughout the kingdom

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regular clergy

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the way of living for monks and nuns. They devoted their lives to Christianity, leaving behind all earthly

Front 23

Benedictine rule

Back 23

book of codes for the monks to follow. written by St. Benedictine.

Front 24

Magna Carta

Back 24

British piece of writing in which King Henry II was forced to sign. It stated that no one was above the law.

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Edward I

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divided the king's court into 3 parts: court of exchequer, court of common pleas, and court of king's bench

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canon law

Back 26

Church's own code of law

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interdict

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curch issued a punishment on an entire are in which no religious services could be held aside from baptism. everyone in the area was in danger of eternal damnation

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tithe

Back 28

tax of the church. 1/10 of the income of the individual

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simony

Back 29

people in the hierarchy of the church expected pay

Front 30

inquisition

Back 30

anyone who committed heresy was secretly tried and tortured to force a confession. If they refused to confess it meant burning on the stakes. this was developed be the dominicans

Front 31

William the Conquerer

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Took over England in 1066 and ruled until 1087. He altered feudalism so that all lords had to swear allegience to him. The king had all of the authority

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Parliment

Back 32

representatives of the bodies of England. This included the house of Lords and House of Commons

Front 33

Simon de Montfort

Back 33

Leader of nobles who revolted against Henry III and he ruled England for several months. He died in battle

Front 34

Manor system

Back 34

Feudal system of Europe in the middle ages where the lords gave land to the vassals who gave land to serfs in return for services

Front 35

Coat of Arms

Back 35

shield painting knights had to identify themselves. They used colors and shapes because knights could not read

Front 36

Hugh Capet

Back 36

French King who began the dynasty of the Capetians

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Heresy

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The act of speaking out against the Bible or Church

Front 38

Court of Exchequer

Back 38

Court that dealt with tax cases and other financial problems

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Court of common pleas

Back 39

Heard cases of Private citizens

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Court of King's Bench

Back 40

Heard cases that involved the King

Front 41

Gregory VII

Back 41

Great medieval church leader who became the pope and had excommunicated Henry IV because of lay investiture.

Front 42

Feudalism is a military and political system NOT A GOVERNMENT that emerges when there is an absence of Government. This system involves land being passed down from each social class (King, lords, vassals, serfs) in return for services. The Lords and Vassals had an honorable relationship, the same man could be both a lord and a vassal, and the bond was personal.

Back 42

What was feudalism? How did it begin and why? What were the feudal obligations between Lords and vassals?

Front 43

The monastics thought that to live a perfect Christian life, you had to devote your entire life to Christianity, give up all worldly temptations. The worldly lives of the clergy went against that.

Back 43

How did the "worldly lives of the clergy go against the view of the monks an nuns as a perfect Christian life?

Front 44

Parish priest- usually of peasant origin, little formal education, was in charge of 5 of the 7 sacraments
bishop- managed diocese (group of priests) chosen by king or nobles
Archbishop- had all powers of bishop and exersized authority over bishops
Pope and his curia- people who advised the Pope on legal and spiritual matters.

Back 44

Name and describe the church hierarchy.

Front 45

In the Middle ages, there was an absence of government. That is when the Church had taken over as the political social and spiritual leader of Europe. (See other question on it for more details) By doing so they controlled the lives of many.

Back 45

Comment on this statement in detail: "in the middle ages, Europe was the church and the church was Europe.

Front 46

The pope was the spiritual and political leader
everyone who had positions as feudal lords are advisors to the kings
Canon Law
Pope claimed church as supreme political power
used interdict and excommunications

Back 46

What were the political roles of the church?

Front 47

Forbade divorce
did social work; helped widows, orphans, poor people
built hospitals
had learned schools and ran them
mannaged marriages
interdict and excommunication

Back 47

What were the social roles of the church?

Front 48

The tithe
forbade and opposed gaining wealth by exploiting others
regulated their own trade routes and harbors

Back 48

What were the economic roles of the church?