Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what hr would be considered to low for 2nd/3rd tri but could be normal for 1st tri?
|
<80bpm
|
|
|
what abnormaility if seen can also indicate a possible heart defect?
|
diaphragmic hernia
omplaceole Abd nuchal translucency espoghal/ or duodenal atersia chromosome abdnormalites |
|
|
what is rarly associated with heart abnormalities but has a high hr?
|
fetal tachycardia
|
|
|
fetal tachycardia can lead to what
|
hydrops
|
|
|
____________of all infant defects is due to congential heart disease
|
1/3
|
|
|
what are the most common cardiac defects seen in tri 21?
|
atrial and septal defects
|
|
|
what is cardiomyopathy?
|
thickening of the intraventricular septum and ventricular walls and results in fetal death
|
|
|
what types of diabetes in the mother are responsible for fetal hypertropic cardiomyopathy?
|
type 1 and 2
|
|
|
what is a patients risk of a child having a cardiac defect if one child has already one?
|
5/10%
|
|
|
what 2 types of twins are commonly seen to have cardiac defects
|
discordinc twins
and twin to twin transfusion |
|
|
what are dischordint twins?
|
placenta insufficency monochornic twins smaller twin becomes hypoxic
|
|
|
what is twin to twin transfusion
|
one donor and one receipent twin. donor becomes amenic and IUGR while reciepent becomes polycythemic and they have cardiomegaly and mitral and tricusp regeration and hydrops
|
|
|
what cardiac abnormalites can IUGR fetus suffer from?
|
hypoxia causing impaired contractiable ventricular filling properties
|
|
|
what is the heart to chest ratio?
|
1:2
|
|
|
_____________% of congential heart defects are not seen prenatally
|
50%
|
|
|
a 4 chamber view screens out what percentage of defects
|
35%
|
|
|
the heart occupies how much chest cavity
|
1/3
|
|
|
visualization of the outflow tracts and great arteries will result in ____________abnormalites of being detected
|
2/3
|
|
|
a repeat u/s should be redone to check for cardic defects?
|
28wks
|
|
|
the heart lies on a _________axis
|
45 degrees
|
|
|
forman ovale is made up of what
|
primal septum (crux)
distal septum (base) |
|
|
what is the flap value and when is it seen
|
adjacent to forman ovale that helps close the forman ovale that is seen flapping in late 3rd tri
|
|
|
the apex points to which side of the chest
|
left
|
|
|
which ventricle is closest to chest wall
|
right
|
|
|
what is the moderator band?
|
thickened muscle in apex of right ventricle
|
|
|
review adult blood flow pg 5
|
slide 9
|
|
|
how do u view the left outflow tract
and the right? |
move from 4 chamber view to left shoulder of fetus
right shoulder of fetus |
|
|
what 3 arteries branch off of the aorta starting from medial to lateral
|
innominate (brachiocephalic)
left vertebral artery left subclavin artery |
|
|
what is the 3 vessel view composed of
|
superior vena cava
aorta pulmonary artery |
|
|
where is the mitral value located and what does it look like
|
left atrium ventricle........look at pg 7
|
|
|
draw aortic valve with and w/o califcations
|
pg 7
|
|
|
where is the tricupsid valve located and what does it look like
|
right atrium/ventricle....pg 8
|
|
|
draw pulmonary value
|
pg 8
|
|
|
what valve is located between rt and left atrium and closes at birth
|
forman ovale
|
|
|
septal defects between to ventricules or 2 atriums can easily be seen bc of what
|
echogenic spots on either side of septal defect
|
|
|
an atrial defect above the forman ovale can look like one chamber and is most commonly seen in what
|
tri 21
|
|
|
what is the most common congential cardiac defect
|
septal defect between the left and right ventricle
|
|
|
what is it called when the atrial ventricular junction is connected to only one ventricle
|
hypoplastic left heart
|
|
|
what is a hypoplastic left heart
|
no flow between left atrium to ventricle
small left ventricle with mitral or aortic atresia usally die wi 6th wk of life (now have heart sx to correct) |
|
|
what is hypoplastic right heart
|
triscup value is placed downward to ventricular cavity
large right atrium and small ventricle |
|
|
when you have tricupsid atrsia what enlarges
|
right atrium
|
|
|
with aortic stenosis u will have a large_________ventricle and the walls do not move wall and they are thickened flow reversal from the __________atrium to the ________atrium across the_____________
|
left
left to right forman ovale |
|
|
pulmonary atersia has a ___________right ventricle
|
small
|
|
|
narrowing of aortic arch with a small left ventricle and large right ventricle is referred to what
|
coarctation of aorta
|
|
|
what is coarctation of the aorta associated with
|
ventricluar and septal defects
valve abnormalites diaphgramic hernias turners syndrom |
|
|
what makes up the tertatorlgy of flow
|
septal defect
stenosis of pulm artery thickening of right ventricle wall abnormal position of aorta |
|
|
what cardiac defects is color doppler best at diagnosing
|
coarctation of aorta
teratogoly of flow |
|
|
what is color doppler demonstate in the fetal heart
|
identifies high velocities profiles across stenoic or regrate valves
identifies cardiac distubunces shows flow between ivs flow patterns in the heart and vessels to check for shunting between the ventricles or ductus arteriosis |
|
|
what is an echogenic foci and where is it most commonly seen
|
calcified papillary muscle, left ventricular wall
|
|
|
when an echogenic foci is paired with another abnormality what can it indicate
|
trisomy
|
|
|
what does the 5 chamber view consist of
|
normal 4 chambers + aorta
|
|
|
what cardiac tumor is seen in fetus
|
rhaddomyomoma
|
