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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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By what week are all the organ systems complete?
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8 weeks (the end of the embryonic period).
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what is one of the first systems to become funtional intrauterine.
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The cardiovascular system.
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how does the circulatory system progress?
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From simple blood cells joined to the walls of the yolk sac, to a network of blood vessels, to a single heart tube.
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When does the heart begin to beat?
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by the end of the 3rd week.
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How can the heart beat be heart between the 8th and 12th weeks of pregnancy?
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using a doppler system
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The heart rate of the fetus is affected by what?
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fetal oxygen level and body activity.
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what is the blood oxygen saturation level of the fetus?
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about 80% that of a newborn.
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Why is the rapid rate of fetal heartbeat during pregnancy necessary? (120-160)
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to supply oxygen to cells when blood cells are never fully saturated.
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lung buds appear on the trachea by the end of what week?
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6th week.
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Between the ___ and ___ wks.the primitive alveoli form.
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16 to 24
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how early does the fetus begin to make spontaneous respiratory movements.
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11 weeks
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at about 24th week of pregnancy, alveolar cells begin to excrete what substance?
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surfacant - a phospholipid substance that decreases alveolar surface tension on expiration.
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What is the purpose of surfactant?
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it prevents the alveoli from collapsing on expiration.
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what are the 2 components of surfactant?
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lecithin and sphingomyelin
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early in the formation of surfactant what is the chief component?
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sphingomyelin
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at about 30 weeks there is a surge in the production of what, which becomes the chief component in a ratio of 2:1
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lecithin
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what is one of the primary tests of fetal maturity?
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analysis of the L/S ratio by an amniocentesis.
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When does the nervous system begin to develop?
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early, during 3rd week after fertilization. The woman may not even know she is pregnant, and active formation of the nervous system has already begun.
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What is quickening?
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when baby's movements are strong enough to be felt by the mother. Between 16 and 20 weeks.
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