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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What devices are used to externally monitor the fetus?
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1. US transducer: measures using high freq sound waves
2. Tocometer: uses pressure sensoring device on mom's belly |
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What are the internal fetal monitors?
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1. Scalp electrode (FSE/ISE): on baby scalp
2. Intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC): lies between wall of uterus and baby |
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What is the best position for the transducer?
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over the back of the baby
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Which fetal monitoring can do both LTV and STV?
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Internal fetal monitoring
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what is required for IFM to work?
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the ROM
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What is beneficial about the scalp probe?
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it can monitor beat to beat variability of the fetus
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What type of monitering is used for low risk pts?
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intermittent monitoring
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WHo is continuous monitoring used for?
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-high risk women
-fetal distress |
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When is the baseline taken?
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HR assessed btn contracitons
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What is variability?
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HR variations from the baseline taken with the EFM
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Define fetal tachy?
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FHR baseline more than 160 bpm for more than 10 mins
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define brady?
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Fetal baseline <110 bpm for more than 10 mins
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What are the maternal causes of fetal tachy?
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1, fever/ infection
2. hyperthyroidism 3. drugs 4. dehydration 5. anxiety |
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What fetal problems can cause fetal tachy?
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1. early fetal hypoxia
2. asphyxia 3. fetal anemia 4 infection 5. preme |
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What is fetal brady a sign of?
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Late sign of hypoxia and closest to death
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What can cause fetal brady?
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1. placental transfer of drugs
2. prolonged compression of cord 3. maternal hypothermia or hypotension 4. maternal supine hypotension syndrome |
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What are accelerations?
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Increase in baseline of 15 bpm for more than 15 seconds
-fetal well being |
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What are decelerations?
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drop in HR from baseline by 15 bpm for 15 seconds
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What are early decelerations a sign of? When do they occur? are they non-reassuring?
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Fetal head compressions
-occur during contractions -gradual to fall and gradual returm -they are benign |
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What causes variable decelerations?
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cord compression
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What characterizes a variable deceleration?
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-visual drop and abrupt increase
-v, u or w shape -occur at variable times -have a "shoulder" |
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When do late decelerations occur?
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at the peak of ctx or later
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What is the cause of late decelerations and are they benign?
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Placental insufficiency
-They are non-reassuring |
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What are the reassuring FHRs?
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-baseline 110-160
-moderate variability -accelerations -no decelerations |
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what are non-reassuring FHR patterns?
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-Tachy
-Brady -decreased variability -late decelerations -severe variable decelerations |
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What is moderate variability?
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ranges from 6-25 bts/min
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What interventions are taken when non-reasuring HR is found?
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1. take off pitosin
2. increase IV 3. give O2 4. notify provider 5. turn position 6. amnioinfusion 7. discourage valsalva maneuver 8. fetal stimulation |
