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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When do ferrets commonly lose weight normally?
How many hours a day do they sleep? Normal parameters |
Summer - 40%
18 37.8 - 40, HR 180-260, RR 33-36 |
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Preventative medicine
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Distemper vaccine - Multivalent canine vaccine at half the dose. 6-8 weeks then repeat every 3-4 weeks until 14 weeks. Annual boosters. Adverse reactions can occur - vomiting, diarrhoea, erythema, fever, anaphylaxis. Keep for 30 mins after vaccination.
Safe flea treatment - fipronil, imidacloprid,selamectin, ivermectin, lufenuron. |
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Abscesses often contain ...
Presenting signs of distemper Fungal infections Common skin neoplasia What coat changes can occur in the breeding season? |
Staph, strep, corynebacterium, pasteurella,arcanobacterium, E. coli.
Chin rash (then inguinal). Mortality 100%. Ringworm - Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes MCT - benign, single or multiple well circumscribed raised hairless nodules that can become ulcerated. Sebaceous epitheliomas and adenomas common. Pedunculated or plaque-like mass that can become ulcerated. Bilaterally symmetric alopecia of tail, perineum and inguinal area. |
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Adrenal gland disease
CS Treatment Alternatives to neutering |
Middle-aged ferrets - adrenocortical hyperplasia, adenoma or adenocarcinoma. 3.5 years after neutering.
Bilateral symmetrical alopecia, pruritus, vulval swelling. Castrated males my show sexual behaviour. Prostatic hyperplasia.Androgens raised. Surgical removal and long term therapy.Deslorelin implants. Deslorelin implants every 18 months. |
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Hyperoestrogenism
CS Treatment Prevention Side effects of jill jab |
Entire females breeding season (march-september). If unmated 50% may develop aplastic anaemia after prolonged oestrus (up to 6 months). Oestrogen suppresses bone marrow. Ovarian remnants and adrenal neoplasia can also cause.
Swollen vulva, vulval discharge, weak, pale, meleana, alopecia over tail base, petechiation/ecchymoses, posterior paresis (haemorrhagic myelomalacia), secondary infections. IV fluids, nutrition, iron, vitamin B, prophylactic ABs. Blood transfusion if PCV <15%. No blood groups. Ovariectomy, vasectomised male, proligestone injection (Jill jab) prior to breeding season, deslorelin implants, altered light cycle (14h light). Pyometra, liver disease |
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Insulinoma
CS Diagnosis Therapy |
Middle aged. Increased insulin production and hypoglycaemia.
Acute - collapse, recumbency, depression, hypersalivation, glassy eyed. Chronic - Gradual weakness of hind limbs, lethargy, ataxia, weight loss, reduced appetite. CS and low fasting blood glucose (<3.3mmol/l) and high or normal blood glucose level. Medical - prednisolone or diazoxide (inhibits insulin release) together or singly orally twice a day. Regular blood glucose monitoring. Fed regularly with high protein, high fat diet.Snacks after sleep. Avoid high sugar or carbs. |
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Common GI obstruction in older ferrets
Cause of GD ulcers. CS. Treatment Most common endoparasite. Signs. Tx Proliferative enteritis Epizootic catarrhal enteritis |
Hair balls.
Helicobacter mustelae. Anorexia, lethargy, teeth grinding, diarrhoea, meleana, pain. Metronidazole, amoxycillin. Ranitidine, sucralfate. Coccidiosis in young animals - severe diarrhoea and rectal prolapse. Sulfa drugs or toltrazuril. Lawsonia intracellularis. Young ferrets, stress. Acute tenesmus, green blood flecked diarrhoea. Chronic - d, haematochezia, anorexia, WL, prolapse.Mucosal thickening and glandular epithelial hyperplasia. Tetracyclines and supportive care. May die. Coronavirus, people act as fomites. Affected recover then recurs. Older ferrets more severe. Anorexia, lethargy, green diarrhoea, meleana. Supportive care and ABs, isolate. |
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What heart condition is common in ferrets?
Viral diseases Distemper Aleutian disease Influenza |
DCM
Rash on chin, dermatitis of perineum, anorexia, pyrexia, depression, photophobia, blepharospasm. Mucopurulent nasal discharge. Coughing, sneezing. Secondary bac resp infection. Hyperkeratosis of footpads. CNS - incoordintion, nystagmus, star gaze. Fatal. Aerosols. Parvovirus - vertical and horizontal. Posterior ataxia, paresis/paralysis, malaise, tarry faeces, WL. Hypergammagloulinaemia. Lymphocytic infiltration in organs. No tx or vaccine. Euth in severe, supportive in mild. Human strains. Distemper signs but less severe. Serous nasal discharge. Coughing and sneezing. Self-limiting. Supportive care. |
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Lymphoma
Tx |
Juvenile - lymphoblastic - more aggressive. Pleural effusion leading to dyspnoea, coughing, organ enlargement.
Adult - lymphocytic. Loss of appetite, weight loss, enlarged lymph nodes. Thoracocentesis, general supportive. Chemotherapy - GCs only/COP/doxorubicin / doxorubicin and RT/high dose vincristine. Poor response. 6 months high grade, 10 for low. |
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How long should a ferret be starved for before anaesthesia?
Premed Recommended induction regime Analgesia Ovariohysterectomy Castration Vasectomy |
4-6 hours. Remove water 2 hours prior to induction.
ACP, inhalation, midazolam,medetomidine, alfaxalone, hypnorm. Medetomidine/ketamine. Buprenorphine From 5 months, before first oestrus. Suspensory ligaments don't need breaking down. May lead to adrenal gland disease. 6-8 months old. Closed or open. Keep away from female for 6 weeks. Deslorelin implants instead? 2 prescrotal incisions. Care to avoid urethra. |
