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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vibrations
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sound waves are created by these
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longitudinal waves
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waves in which the particles move parallel to the motion of the wave, like sound waves
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compressional waves
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another name for longitudinal waves
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compressions
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areas of high density in a sound wave; equal to the crest of a transverse wave
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transverse waves
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waves in which the particles move perpendicular to the motion of the wave, like light waves
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rarefactions
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areas of lower density in a sound wave; equal to the trough of a transverse wave
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frequency
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number of waves that pass by a certain point in one second
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wavelength
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measured from compression to compression or rarefaction to rarefaction
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collide
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particles do this when sound waves travel through a medium
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solids
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speed of sound is fastest in this state of matter
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gases
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speed of sound is slowest in this state of matter
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loudness
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human perception of how much energy a sound wave carries
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amplitude
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the volume of a sound increases as the ____ increases
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pitch
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the _____ of a sound increases as the frequency increases
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compressed
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in a loud sound, the particles are more _______
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Decibel
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the scale that describes the energy carried by sound waves
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ultrasound
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sounds that have a higher frequency than what humans are able to hear
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echo
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a reflected sound wave
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sonar
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sound navigation and ranging; used to map the ocean floor by sending out sound waves and timing how long it takes for them to echo back
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echolocation
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used by bats to hunt for prey
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Doppler Effect
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the change in frequency that occurs when a source of sound is moving relative to the listener
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diffraction
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the bending of sound waves around obstacles or after passing through narrow openings
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