Female Reproductive System

Front 1

ovaries

Back 1

pair of almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity. Egg cells are stored in the ovaries.

Front 2

ovum (pl.ova)

Back 2

female egg cell

Front 3

graafian folicles

Back 3

100,000 microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. Each contains an immature ovum. Usually one develops monthly.

Front 4

fallopian, or uterine, tubes

Back 4

pair of 5" tubes, attached to the uterus, that provide a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus

Front 5

fimbria (pl. fimbriae)

Back 5

finger-like projection at the free end of the fallopian tube

Front 6

uterus

Back 6

pear-sized and pear-shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal caivity. Menses, prgnancy, labor

Front 7

endometrium

Back 7

inner lining of the uterus

Front 8

myometrium

Back 8

muscular middle layer of the uterus

Front 9

perimetrium

Back 9

outer thin layer that covers the surface of the uterus

Front 10

corpus, or body

Back 10

large central portion of the uterus

Front 11

fundus

Back 11

rounded upper portion of the uterus

Front 12

cervix (Cx)

Back 12

narrow lower portion of the uterus

Front 13

vagina

Back 13

a 3" tube that connects the uterus tothe outside of the body

Front 14

hymen

Back 14

fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina

Front 15

rectouterine pouch

Back 15

pouch between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum (also called Douglas cul-de-sac)

Front 16

Bartholin glands

Back 16

pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina and just above the vaginal opening

Front 17

mammary glands, or breasts

Back 17

milk-producing glands of the female. Each breast consists of 15 to 20 divisions, or lobes.

Front 18

mammary papilla

Back 18

breast nipple

Front 19

areola

Back 19

pigmented area around the breast nipple

Front 20

vulva, or external genitals

Back 20

2 pairs of lips (labia major & labia minora) that surround the vagina

Front 21

clitoris

Back 21

highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra

Front 22

perineum

Back 22

pelvic floor in both the male and female. In females it usually refers to the area between the vaginal opeing and the anus.

Front 23

amenorrhea

Back 23

absence of menstrual discharge (menostasis)

Front 24

Bartholin adenitis

Back 24

inflammation of a Bartholin gland

Front 25

cervicitis

Back 25

inflammation of the cervix

Front 26

colpitis, vaginitis

Back 26

inflammation of the vagina

Front 27

dysmenorrhea

Back 27

painful menstrual discharge

Front 28

endocervicitis

Back 28

inflammation of the inner (lining) of the cervix

Front 29

endometritis

Back 29

inflammation of the inner (lining) of the utuerus (endometrium)

Front 30

hematosalpinx

Back 30

blood in the fallopian tube

Front 31

hydrosalpinx

Back 31

water in the fallopian tube

Front 32

hysteratresia

Back 32

closure of the uterus (uterine cavity)

Front 33

mastitis

Back 33

inflammation of the breast

Front 34

menometrorrhagia

Back 34

rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation (and between menstrual cycles)

Front 35

metrorrhea

Back 35

excessive discharge from the uterus

Front 36

myometritis

Back 36

inflammation of the uterine muscle (myometrium)

Front 37

oophoritis

Back 37

inflammation of the ovary

Front 38

perimetritis

Back 38

inflammation surrounding the uterus (perimetrium)

Front 39

pyosalpinx

Back 39

pus in the fallopian tube

Front 40

salpingitis

Back 40

inflammation of the fallopian tube

Front 41

salpingocele

Back 41

hernia of the fallopian tube

Front 42

vulvovaginitis

Back 42

inflammation of the vulva and vagina

Front 43

adenomyosis

Back 43

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

Front 44

breast cancer

Back 44

malignant tumor of the breast

Front 45

cervical cancer

Back 45

malignant tumor of the cervix

Front 46

endometrial cancer

Back 46

malignant tumor of the endometrium (also called uterine cancer)

Front 47

endometriosis

Back 47

abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows in various areas in the pelvic cavity, including ovaries, fallopian tubes, intestines & uterus

Front 48

fibrocystic breast disease

Back 48

a disorder characterized by one or more benign cycts in the breast

Front 49

fibroid tumor

Back 49

benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle (myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma)

Front 50

ovarian cancer

Back 50

malignant tumor of the ovary

Front 51

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Back 51

inflammation of the female pelvic organs (very serious)

Front 52

prolapsed uterus

Back 52

downward displacement of the uterus in the vagina (hysteroptosis)

Front 53

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Back 53

a severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension &, in severe cases, shock & death (..tampons)

Front 54

vesicovaginal fistula

Back 54

abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina

Front 55

cervicectomy

Back 55

excision of the cervix

Front 56

colpoperineorraphy

Back 56

suture of the vagina and perineum (performed to mend perineal vaginal tears)

Front 57

colpoplasty

Back 57

surgical repair of the vagina

Front 58

colporrhaphy

Back 58

suture of the vagina (wall of the vagina)

Front 59

episioperineoplasty

Back 59

surgical repair of the vulva and perineum

Front 60

episiorrhaphy

Back 60

suture of (a tear in0 the vulva

Front 61

salpingocele

Back 61

hernia of the fallopian tube

Front 62

vulvovaginitis

Back 62

inflammation of the vulva and vagina

Front 63

adenomyosis

Back 63

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

Front 64

breast cancer

Back 64

malignant tumor of the breast

Front 65

cervical cancer

Back 65

malignant tumor of the cervix

Front 66

endometrial cancer

Back 66

malignant tumor of the endometrium (also called uterine cancer)

Front 67

endometriosis

Back 67

abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows in various areas in the pelvic cavity, including ovaries, fallopian tubes, intestines & uterus

Front 68

fibrocystic breast disease

Back 68

a disorder characterized by one or more benign cycts in the breast

Front 69

fibroid tumor

Back 69

benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle (myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma)

Front 70

ovarian cancer

Back 70

malignant tumor of the ovary

Front 71

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Back 71

inflammation of the female pelvic organs

Front 72

prolapsed uterus

Back 72

downward displacement of the uterus in the vagina

Front 73

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Back 73

a sever illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, & myalgia followed by hypotension and sometimes shock and death (...tampons...)

Front 74

vesicovaginal fistula

Back 74

abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina

Front 75

cervicectomy

Back 75

excision of the cervix

Front 76

colpoperineorrhaphy

Back 76

suture of the vagina and perineum (performed to mend perineal vaginal tears)

Front 77

colpoplasty

Back 77

surgical repair of the vagina

Front 78

colporrhaphy

Back 78

suture of the vagina (all of the vagina)

Front 79

eipisioperineoplasty

Back 79

surgical repair of the vulva and perineum

Front 80

episiorrhaphy

Back 80

suture of (a tear in) the vulva

Front 81

hymenectomy

Back 81

excision of the hymen

Front 82

hymenotomy

Back 82

incision of the hymen

Front 83

hysterectomy

Back 83

excision of the uterus

Front 84

hysteropexy

Back 84

surgical fixation of the uterus

Front 85

hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy

Back 85

excision of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

Front 86

mammoplasty

Back 86

surgical repair of the breast

Front 87

mammotome

Back 87

instrument used to cut breast (tissue)

Front 88

mastectomy

Back 88

surgical removal of a breast

Front 89

oophorectomy

Back 89

excision of an ovary

Front 90

perineorrhaphy

Back 90

suture of (a tear in) the perineum

Front 91

salpingectomy

Back 91

excision of a fallopian tube

Front 92

salpingostomy

Back 92

creation of an artificial opening in a fallopian tube (perfomed to restore patency)

Front 93

sallpingo-oophorectomy

Back 93

excision of the fallopian tube and ovary

Front 94

trachelectomy

Back 94

excision of the cervix

Front 95

trachelorrhaphy

Back 95

suture of the cervix

Front 96

vulvectomy

Back 96

excision of the vulva

Front 97

anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P Repair)

Back 97

when a weakened vaginal wall results in a cystocele & a rectocele, an A & P repair corrects the condition

Front 98

conization

Back 98

the surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix

Front 99

cryosurgery

Back 99

the destruction of tissue by using extreme cold

Front 100

dilation and curettage (D&C)

Back 100

dilation of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium w/an instrument called a curette

Front 101

endometrial ablation

Back 101

a procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser or thermal energy

Front 102

laparoscopy or laparoscopic surgery

Back 102

visual examination of the abdominal cavity, accomplished by inserting a laparoscope thru a tiny incision near the umbilicus

Front 103

myomectomy

Back 103

excision of a fibroid tumor from the uterus

Front 104

sentinel lymph node biopsy

Back 104

an injection of dye or radioactive isotope to identify the first lymph node in the axillary chain, most likely to contain metastasis of breast cancer, to biopsy

Front 105

stereotactic breast biopsy

Back 105

a technique that combines mammography & computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

Front 106

tubal ligation

Back 106

closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization

Front 107

hysterosalpingogram

Back 107

x-ray image of the uterus and fallopian tubes

Front 108

mammogram

Back 108

x-ray image of the breast

Front 109

mammography

Back 109

x-ray imaging of the breast

Front 110

sonohysterography

Back 110

process of recording the uterus by use of sound

Front 111

colposcope

Back 111

instrument used for visual examination of the vaina (and cervix)

Front 112

colposcopy

Back 112

visual examination (w/a magnified view) of the vagina (and cervix)

Front 113

culdoscope

Back 113

instrument used for visual examination of Douglas cul-de-sac

Front 114

culdoscopy

Back 114

visual examination of Douglas cul-de-sac

Front 115

hysteroscope

Back 115

instrument used for visual examination of the uterus

Front 116

hysteroscopy

Back 116

visual examination of the uterus

Front 117

culdocentesis

Back 117

surgical puncture to remove fluid from Douglas cul-de-sac

Front 118

CA-125 (cancer antigen-125 tumor marker)

Back 118

a blood test used in the detection of ovarian cancer

Front 119

Pap smear

Back 119

a cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells

Front 120

transvaginal sonography (TVS)

Back 120

an ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, & surrounding structures

Front 121

gynecologist

Back 121

a physician who studies and treats diseases of women

Front 122

gynecology

Back 122

study of women (branch of medicine dealing w/diseases of the female reproductive system)

Front 123

gynopathic

Back 123

pertaining to disease of women

Front 124

leukorrhea

Back 124

white discharge (from the vagina)

Front 125

mastalgia

Back 125

pain in the breast

Front 126

mastoptosis

Back 126

sagging breast

Front 127

menarche

Back 127

beginning of menstruation (occurring between the ages of 11 and 16)

Front 128

oligomenorrhea

Back 128

scanty menstrual flow

Front 129

vaginal

Back 129

pertaining to the vagina

Front 130

vulvovaginal

Back 130

pertaining to the vulva and vagina

Front 131

dyspareunia

Back 131

difficult or painful intercourse

Front 132

estrogen replacement therapy (ERT)

Back 132

replacement of hormones to treat menopause

Front 133

fistula

Back 133

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface

Front 134

menopause

Back 134

cessation of menstruation, usually around the ages of 48 to 53 years

Front 135

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Back 135

a syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring in the 10 days before menstruation.

Front 136

speculum

Back 136

instrument foropening abody cavity to allow visual inspection