Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is federalism?
|
theory of government where political power is divided between a national government and state government, each having their own area of substantive jurisdiction
|
|
|
|
What is decentralisation?
|
Principle where governmental and political power is vested in federal government and state governments
|
|
|
|
How did federalism come to appear in the constitutional?
|
Written in enumerated powers of 3 branches of federal government
Included in implied powers of federal government concurrent powers |
Echidnas
In Cages |
|
|
What are the 'implied rights'?
|
powers flowing from the 'elastic clause' of the Constitution
|
|
|
|
Given an example of concurrent powers
|
Power to tax
|
|
|
|
List the factors leading to an increased role for the federal government
|
1. Westward expansion
2. Population growth 3. Industrialisation 4. Improvements in communication 5. Great Depression 6. Foreign policy 7. Supreme Court decisions 8. Constitutional amendments |
When
Penises Insert Comfortably Don't Feel Somewhat Awkward |
|
|
How has 'Westward expansion' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
settlement spread westwards across the Appalachian mountains, over the plains of the Midwest, across the Rockies and to the Pacific coast
|
|
|
|
How has 'growth population' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
Growing nation = management by growing government
|
|
|
|
How has 'industrialisation' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
Need for regulation - federal exec depts of Commerce and Labor formed 1903
|
|
|
|
How has 'improvements in communication' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
Radio, TV and other instant communication means people could communicate with others miles away
|
|
|
|
How did 'The Great Depression' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
states looked to the federal govt to cure ills.
State govts did not possess the necessary resources toreverse the huge levels of unemployment, launch public works schemes New Deal helped US get back to work |
|
|
|
How has 'foreign policy' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
US stepped out as world superpower post-WWII and federal govt found its role enhanced
|
|
|
|
How have 'SC decisions' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
Decisions - particularly between 1937 and 70s - enhanced power of the federal govt through their interpretation of the implied powers of Constitution
|
|
|
|
How have 'Constitutional Amendments' led to an increased role for federal government?
|
14th amendment changed federal govt's relationship with the states - prohibitions directly on state govts.
Due process and equal protection provisions been used by SC to invalidate state laws requiring public school segregation |
|
|
|
What are the 3 stages of federalism?
|
1. Dual
2. Cooperative 3. New |
|
|
|
Which period of time is associated with Dual Federalism?
|
first 150 years of the US's history
|
|
|
|
What was the main focus of Dual Federalism and whatr was the worle of federal government??
|
states rights; federal govt limited mainly issues concerning money, war and peace
|
|
|
|
what is layer cake federalism?
|
federal and state governments had distinct areas of responsibility
|
|
|
|
which era does 'cooperative federalism' associate with?
|
1930s-1960s: federal govt and state govt cooperated to solve problems facing national security
FDR, LBJ, JFK |
|
|
|
which federal exec depts were created to cope with new policy areas throughout cooperative federalism?
|
health
education welfare defense transportation |
Hollie
Exercises While Doing Taxes |
|
|
Why was cooperative federalism labelled 'marble-cake' federalism?
|
federal govt involved in policy areas where previously only state govts operated
|
|
|
|
Which era describes 'New Federalism'and which president introduced it?
|
Nixon - last 3 decades of 20th century
|
|
|
|
what did new federalism see the rise of?
|
block grants - money given to states by federal govt to be used within broad policy areas
|
|
|
|
Define New Federalism
|
approach to federalism characterised by a return of certain powers and responsibnilities from the fed govt to state govt
Seen as an attempt to reverse growth of federal govt under Dem presidents, it's associated with Rep presidents Nixon and Reagan |
|
|
|
give 5 reasons for the shift back towards state government power.
|
1. perception that New Deal or Great Society had not been successful - too much $$$ wasted on bureaucracy
2. belief that fed govt had failed to tackle pressing social problems e.g .gun crime, drugs, abortion and scepticism about fed govt's effectiveness developed 3. distrust of washington politics (washington, unsuccessful term limits on Congress) 4.limited scope of federal govt power due to mainly Rep-appointed SC 5. frequent election of Rep presidents, election of Rep-controlled Congress and election of Rep state govs allowed party t oput policies into effect |
|
|
|
By how much did federal govt spending grow in GWB's first term?
|
33%
|
|
|
|
name 5 reasons for the expansion of federal government under GWB
|
1. war in iraq
2. homeland security 3. expansions of Medicare 4. expansion of education 5. Wall st and banking collapse 2008 |
When
Has Mum Ever Burped |
|
|
State and explain the 4 types of consequences of federalism in the US.
|
1. legal consequences
- variety in state laws e.g. drugs and death penalty 2. Political consequences 3. Economic consequences - federal grnts given to states - complexity of tax system (e.g. income tax levies by fed and state govts and sales taxes vary between cities) 4. Regionalism - different regions have different accents, cultures as well as racial, religious and ideological differences - what plays well in the south may not be popular in 'new england' |
Lori
Pleases Everyone Regularly |
|
|
List the pros of federalism
|
1. permits diversity
2. creates more access points 3. better protection of individual rights 4. states become 'policy labatories'. experimenting with new solutions to old probelsm 5. well suited to a geographically large nation 6. states training ground for leadership 7. states show autonomy and initiative 8. more checks and balances on central govt |
|
|
|
List the cons of federalism
|
1. can mask economic and racial inequalities
2. frustrates the 'national will', making solving problems complex 3. federal-state relationship is a continual source of conflict and controversy 4. overly bureaucratic - costly to run and resistent to change 5. gridlock 6. confusion 7. democratic overload |
|
