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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All proteins contain what?
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Nitrogen
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proteins are made of?
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amino acids
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There are how many amino acids?
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20, 9 are essential.
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what is the problem with 70% of our protein coming from animal protein?
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these can be high sources of saturated fat.
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the protein code is in what part of a cell?
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nucleus
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DNA contains what in the nucleus for all proteins?
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coded instructions
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digestion of protein starts in what organ?
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stomach
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the cooking of proteins causes what?
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denaturation
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The RDA for protein is?
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46g women
56 g men |
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Vegan-
Lactovegetarians- Lactoovogetarians- |
no meat, diary or fish.
- includes milk, milk products - milks, cheese, eggs |
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what is the main concern for vegetarians in general nutrition wise?
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B12, D, iron, zinc, calcium, riboflavin.
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what are the 3 type of lipids?
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-triglycerides
- phospholipids -sterols (cholesterol) |
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saturated fatty acids are in what form?
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solid ie. butter
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unsaturated fatty acids are in what form?
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liquid form ie. oil
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saturated fat contributes to?
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heart disease
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the essential fatty acids are ?
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omega 3 fatty acids
omega 6 fatty acids |
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the primary site of fat digestion begins in what body organ?
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small intestine
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carrying fat through the blood stream is done by what?
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lipoproteins
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omega 6 is found in what?
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vegetable oils
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ALA, DHA, and EPA are what?
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omega 3's
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what is the RDA (%) of total kcal from fat?
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20-35%
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a chemical bond formed between amino acids in a protein is?
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peptide bond
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excess protein causes what ?
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overburn the kidneys excrete nitrogen
kidney stones |
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a major form of lipid in the body and in food. composed of three fatty acids bonded to glycerol.
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triglyceride
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a three-carbon atom used to form triglycerides
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glycerol
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a lipoprotein that carries dietary fat to bloodstream is?
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chylomicrons
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a form of an unsaturated fatty acid, has two double bond on opposite sides.
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trans fatty acid
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Functions of cholesterol
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fat digestion
form hormones |
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carries lipids made and taken up by liver to cells
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VLDL
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carries cholesterol made by the liver to cells
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LDL
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contributes to cholesterol removal from cells
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HDL
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increases shelf life, changes texture and causes formation of trans fatty acids
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hydrogenation
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what is the best source for Vitamin A?
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beta carotene
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what does Vitamin A deficiency cause?
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night blindless
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what is the function of vitamin D? where can you get Vitamin D from?
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- regulating blood calcium,
from sun |
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what does Vitamin D deficiency cause?
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rickets
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Vitamin K is needed for what?
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blood clotting
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what do all Vitamin B's do?
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participate in energy metabolism. release of energy from macro-nutrients
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what does folate help do?
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form DNA
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what is the RDA for folate?
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400 micrograms for adults
600 micrograms for women |
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vitamin C deficiency causes?
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scurvy
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what is the difference between fat soluble and water soluble vitamins?
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fat soluble is stored in the liver, fat cells. Water soluble are lost from the body except B-12.
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what are some food sources for Vitamin A?
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dark green, yellow-orange veggies
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food sources for Vitamin D?
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salmon, nonfat milk, cooked egg yolk.
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food sources for Vitamin K?
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green leafy veggie
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diseases :
-beriberi, pellagra, scurvy? |
thiamin, niacin, vitamin c
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what is adaptive thermogenesis?
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involuntary physical activity
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energy used to digest food, absorb, and metabolize food nutrients is known as
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thermic effect of food (TEF)
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minimum energy expected to keep a resting, awake body alive is known as
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basal metabolism
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BMI body mass index is
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the ratio fo wt (kg) / ht ^2 (M)
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BMI cut off?
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under 18.5<
healthy 18.5- over 25 - obese 30, severely obese 40> |
