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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Calculation of BMI
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weight kg/height in m^2
OR weight in lbs * 703 / height in inches^2 |
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Assessing reasons to quit smoking
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5 A's
-Ask about use -Advise to quit -Assess willingness to quit -Assist to quit -Arrange follow-up |
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Flat spot up to 1cm
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Macule
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Flat spot >1cm
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Patch (e.g., cafe-au-lait spot)
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Palpable, elevated spot up to 1cm
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Papule
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Palpable, elevated spot firmed and deeper than a papule, larger then 0.5cm
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Nodule
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Palpable, elevated spot >1cm
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Plaque (e.g., psoriasis)
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Nodule filled with expressible material
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cyst
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Somewhat transient, irregular, superifical area of localized skin edema (e.g., hives)
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Wheal
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Up to 1cm large, filled with serous fluid
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Vesicle
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>1cm, filled with serous fluid
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bulla
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Screening test for scoliosis?
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Adam's test.
have the patient bend at the waist with knees straight and feet together. The patient touches her toes with palms together. Look for asymmetry of the scapulae and rib cage ("rib hump"). Continue to watch for asymmetry as the patient stands up straight. |
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What tests integrity of medial meniscus?
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McMurray Test
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What tests integrity of AC Joint?
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Crossover test
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What special stuff should you do during infant back exam?
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Palpate each spinal vertebrae carefully, and note and strange things like tufts of hair or unusual pigmentation or openinigs
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What can pain during straight leg raising, during a back exam, signify?
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Nerve root compression.
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What are three techniques used to evaluate most joints?
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o Inspection
o Palpation o Range of motion FROM = full range of motion |
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What muscle does medial rotation against resistance test?
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subscapularis
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What muscle does lateral rotation against resistance test?
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Infraspinatus, teres minor
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What does Resisted Supination (Yeagerson‟s test) test for?
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biceps tendon
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What does Lachman's test for? How is it performed?
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Integrity of ACL.
Flex knee 30 degrees, hold tibial tuberosity, rotate leg laterally, pull back and forth. |
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What is the anterior drawer test? How is it performed?
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Integrity of ACL.
Hip flex 45; Knee flex 90; thumb on patellar tendon; tibia drawn ant. |
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What is posterior drawer test? How performed?
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Integrity of PCL.
Hip flex 45; Knee flex 90; thumb on patellar tendon; tibia drawn post. |
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What is varus test? How is it performed?
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It tests the LCL.
Apply force directed towards outside. Trying to make knee go out (bow-legged, genu varum) |
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What is valgus test? How is it performed?
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Tests MCL.
Apply force from the outside of knee. Trying to make the knee go IN (trying to make genu valgum) |
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If patient cannot extend leg fully, what does this suggest?
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Tear of patellar tendon
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What is the bulge sign?
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It tests for minor effusions in knee.
With knee extended, place the left hadn above the knee and apply pressure on the suprapatellar pouch, displacing or "milking" fluid down. A fluid wave or bulge is considered a positive bulge sign consisted with effusion |
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What is the balloon sign?
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Tests for major effusions in knee.
Place thumb and index finger of right hang on each side of patella, with the left hand, compress suprapatellar pouch against femus. Feel for fluid entering or ballooning into spaces next to the patella. |
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What does the McMurray test for?
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Knee flex 90; one hand applies valgus stress; other rotates leg externally
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What is the Ortolani test? How is it performed?
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a physical examination for developmental dysplasia (specifically, posterior dislocation) of the hip.
It is performed by an examiner first flexing the hips and knees of a supine infant to 90 degrees, then with the examiner's index fingers placing anterior pressure on the greater trochanters, gently and smoothly abducting the infant's legs using the examiner's thumbs. A positive sign is a distinctive 'clunk' which can be heard and felt as the femoral head relocates anteriorly into the acetabulum |
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What is the Barlow test? How is it performed?
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A physical exam technique.
Place hands in same position as end of Ortolani test. Bring the hip forward (adduct) while applying pressure posteriorly. If the hip is dislocatable - that is, if the hip can be popped out of socket with this maneuver - the test is considered positive. |
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What does a positive barlow sign mean?
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Could be a dysplastic hip, but not necessarily. Kid needs to be re-examined in future.
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What is the drop - arm test for?
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1. Start with the patient's arm abducted 90 degrees.
2. Ask the patient to slowly lower the arm. 3. With a rotator cuff tear, the patient will be unable to lower the arm slowly and smoothly. |
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Which is better for testing ACL, Lachman or Anterior Drawer? Why?
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Lachman.
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If blood pressure cuff is too big, what will be wrong with the bp estimation?
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May be too LOW
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If blood pressure cuff is too small, what will be wrong with the bp estimation?
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May be too HIGH
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If blood pressure cuff is BELOW heart, what will be wrong with bp estimation?
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Will be too high
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Two things that can cause falsely high bp reading
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BP cuff too tight or BP cuff below heart
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