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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is responsible for the greatest loss of sheep in NY?
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Internal parasites that infect the abomasum.
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What is the common name for Haemonchus contortus?
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The barber pole worm.
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What is the proper name for the barber pole worm?
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Haemonchus contortus.
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What does Haemonchus contortus cause in sheep?
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Bottle jaw edema
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What are the three most common stomach worms of sheep?
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Haemonchus contortus, Ostertaia, and trichostrongylus.
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What is meant by Hypobiosis?
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A parasite can go through a stage of arrested development.
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How is the most damage from parasites caused? (2 reasons)
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1- Developing larvae cause damage to the stomach glands, therefore disturbing the digestive process.
2- They cause large amounts of blood and protein loss - weakness and anemia (especially barber pole). |
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How do you prevent parasites in regards to pasture conditions?
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Rotate the sheep on different fields, clip the grass to expose possible eggs to sunlight
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What dewormer has the ability to attack parasites that may be dormant?
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Ivermectin.
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Does thiabendazole treat parasites that are dormant?
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No
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What is the tapeworm of sheep?
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Moniezia
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How is moniezia transmitted to sheep?
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Infected mites on the grass are eaten.
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What drugs are used to treat moniezia?
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Fenbendazole and Albendazole
but they 'are not approved' for sheep |
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What is the most common kind of parasite in sheep?
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Coccidia.
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What age group (old or young) are most susceptible to coccidia?
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The young, older sheep have built a resistance.
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Why are young lambs more susceptible to coccidia than older sheep?
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The older sheep have built an immunity to them.
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What is Hematechezia?
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Bloody stool
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What is commonly done to young sheep who become infected with coccidia?
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Usually, unless severe, they are not treated, so that they build an immunity.
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Why aren't young sheep usually treated for coccidia?
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The owner wants the sheep to build an immunity to them.
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Even some older sheep who are usually immune to coccidia show some signs of coccidiosis. Why might this happen?
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Usually accompanied by stress, overcrowded conditions and manure contamination.
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What can be done to prevent coccidiosis?
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Proper sanitation, frequent cleaning, and having feeders and waterers off the ground.
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What does eructation mean?
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To burp.
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What is the proper name for the Sheep tick
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Melophagus ovinus.
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How long does the sheep tick spend on their host?
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Their entire life
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How can the sheep tick inadvertantly kill a sheep?
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When the sheep tries to itch her back she can roll over and not be able to burp.
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What can be done to treat the sheep tick
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Dusting immediately after shearing
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What is another name for a dewormer?
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Anthelmentic
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What kind of mite can sheep get?
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Sarcoptic mange mite.
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What kinds of parasites does Ivomec control?
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roundworms, larval nasal bots, and lungworms
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What dewormer is usually in every rotation of a sheep program?
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Ivomec
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What is Safe-guard used to control?
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Tapeworms
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What is Tramisol used to control?
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All sheep stomach worms, intestinal worms and lungworms
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What is Valbazen used to control in sheep?
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Broad spectrum - Flukes, tapeworms, stomach worms and more
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What are the four commonly used dewormers for sheep?
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Ivomec
Safe-Guard Tramisol Valbazen |
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How long does it take Haemonchus contortus to mature?
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2 weeks
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What does the term gregarious mean?
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The animal is most active in early morning and early evening.
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Are sheep more solitary or flock oriented?
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Flock, follow the leader
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Which sex is usually the 'leader' of a sheep flock
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Female
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What element do sheep have a high requirement for?
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Salt
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What kind of water to sheep prefer?
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Slow moving streams
Don't like still water Afraid of fast moving water |
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Where are the three sets of glands that are unique to sheep?
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Suborbital face glands (under eyes)
under groin in between toes |
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What do the glands under the eye, under the groin and in between the toes secrete?
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Oily/fatty material.
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What is a big disadvantage to the oil secreting glands between the toes of sheep.
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Bacteria love oil, so they are more susceptible to foot rot.
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What bacteria causes foot rot?
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Fusiform bacteria
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How well do sheep handle glucose?
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They have a low tolerance, therefore you should not feed them concentrates
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What kind of breeding cycle do sheep have (pertaining to: when do they breed)
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Seasonally polyestrous, they breed in the fall
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What is the causative agent of enterotoxemia?
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Clostridium perfringes
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What is enterotoxemia commonly called?
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Over-eating disease?
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What causes enterotoxemia?
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Eating too much grain.
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What two breeds sometimes breed all year round?
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The Dorset and rambouillet
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What change should be made in food for a ewe 2 weeks before parturition?
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She should be 'flushed' by feeding her 1/2lb of corn or another high energy feed along with pastures.
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How long before breeding season should the ram be sheared?
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2 weeks
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What should be done to the marking harness every 16/17 days?
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The color should be changed so that ewes can be grouped according to their due date
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How many sheep should a ram be with during breeding season?
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25-50 for two estrous cycles
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When could you ultrasound an ewe?
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70-120 days post breeding
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What other ways besides ultrasound can a ewe be checked for pregnancy?
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Vasectomized ram
Ram with breeding apron udder development (rectal palpation is not common because they are so fragile) |
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What is the gestation period for sheep?
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144-152 days
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In addition to being cleaned, what should be applied to a lambing pen?
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Lime
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How long before lambing should an ewe be sheared?
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2-4 weeks before parturition.
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Ewes that have dystocias are generally what?
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Overweight or yearlings.
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What is a problem that yearling ewes can experience during parturition
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Dystocia
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What is a problem that overweight ewes experience during lambing?
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Dystocia
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What controls an animals temperature regulation?
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The hypothalamus.
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What things must be done to help a newborn lamb following birth?
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Heat lamp
Iodine Dipping Colostrum Weight Identification |
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What must be done to a ewe after parturition
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Remove plugs from teats
Give 3-4 lbs of hay Plenty of water. |
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What kind of container must water be put in when there are lambs around?
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One that prevents the lamb from climbing into it and drowning.
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Name four reasons that you may dock a sheep's tail.
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Sanitary conditions
Increase productivity in ewes Improves appearance of sheep Increase of market value |
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At what age are sheep's tails docked?
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1-2 weeks old
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How far from the body should a sheep's tail be docked
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At least one inch, any closer and there is a high chance of destroying rectal nerves.
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What is the name for a male castrated sheep?
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Wether
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At what age does castration occur?
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at 2-4 weeks old
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Other than a breeding ram, what males usually are not castrated?
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Those who will be sold before 5 months.(They will grow better/better feed efficiency)
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Where does an eartag get placed on the ear of a sheep?
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Inside the largest space between the cartilage ribs.
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When might a lamb need fostering?
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Mother dies
Mother refused lamb Mother gives birth to more than two lambs (only two 1/2s of utter, not quarters) |
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How do you foster a lamb to a ewe that is not it's mother but has recently given birth?
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Rub the mother's placenta on the lamb ASAP
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At what age of a lamb does weaning occur?
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5 weeks if possible, but usually 8-12 weeks
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What vaccines do lambs receive upon weaning?
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enterotoxemia Type C + D and usually tetanus is combined with it.
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How do you wean lambs from their mothers?
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They must be seperated as far away as possible from one another
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When do lambs get revaccinated after being weaned?
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14 days after weaning
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Why are mothers and lambs so vulnerable to disease during weaning?
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They are very stressed.
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