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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define family * |
A cohabiting, married or civil partner couples with or without dependant children, and lone parent with children |
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Define household * |
A group of unrelated people who live in the same address, share facilities (e.g. Living room) and share one meal everyday |
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What is a nuclear family * |
Two generation family that consists of two married or cohabiting partners with their child/children living together |
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Whats an extended family ?* |
A group of relatives extending beyond a nuclear family usually made up of 3 generations that live together or nearby. |
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What is a lone parent family ? * |
It Is a family with only one parent living with their children |
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Whats a reconstituted family? * |
Its a blended family in which one or both partners have a child/children from previous relationships |
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Whats an empty nest family? * |
A family living in a house after their children have moved out |
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Whats a beanpole family? * |
Its a multigenerational family with one or few members from each generation |
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Whats a modified extended family? * |
In the modified extended family, members live geographically apart but have regular contact and provide each other with support |
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What is a life course diversity? * |
Its when you experience more than one family type throughout your life |
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Give an example of life course diversity * |
An example can be : Born into a nuclear family > parents divorce and live in a lone family > parent remarry and live in reconstituted family > move out and live in a household > find a partner and have children and live in a nuclear family > move in with parents and live in an extended family > one of the grandparents and one if the parents pass away and live in a beanpole family > children move out and live in an empty nest family
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What does the devision of domestic labour mean ? * |
The division of tasks such as housework, childcare and DIY between men and women within the home. |
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What is meant by a segregated conjugal role * |
This describes domestic roles of married or cohabiting partners which are separated or divided in an unequal manner |
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Whats meant by joint conjugal role * |
This describes domestic roles of married or cohabiting partners which are divided or shared equally |
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Define symmetrical family * |
A family form in which spouses carry out different tasks but each make a similar contribution within home |
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Define new man * |
A man that rejects sexist attitudes and the traditional male role, especially in the content of childcare and domestic responsibility |
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Which sociologists would agree that a nuclear family is the best family type ? * |
Functionalists and new right approaches |
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Which sociologists would disagree that a nuclear family is the best family type. * |
Marxist and feminist |
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Whats the Functionalists approach on families * |
Nuclear families are the best because the perform essential functions for individuals and society. Those are: 1.reproduction 2. Primary socialisation 3. Emptional support 4. Economic/ financial support |
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Whats the marxists approach on families? * |
The nuclear family plays a role in maintaining the capitalist system. 1. Support capitalist system by supplying future generations 2.socialising working class children to accepting their lower position in an unequal society 3. Recreates inequality e.g. rich families can buy privileged education for their children and pass down their wealth to them
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Whats the feminist approach on families * |
They see society as being patriarchal and living in a nuclear family is seen as benefiting men more than women. They also see primary socialisation as a gender process as it contributes to the creation of gender differences between girls and boys |
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Whats the new right approach on family ? * |
Its suggests that the women should have a caring role and the man should be the bread winner. They view the changes in family structure as damaging society and causing crimes and education under achieving. |
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Views that argued that gender roles have changed * |
Willmort and young (1973) argued that the symmetrical family is now typical in Britain and that conjugal roles are divided equally. They also found that decision making regarding money ( a measure of who has power in a relationship) is now shared more equally. |
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Views that disagree that gender roles have changed in Britain * |
Crompton and Lyonette (2008) argue that attitudes to gender roles have changed alot but mens participation in housework hasn't changed much, theres still chores that are for women and chores that are for men.
They also argue that mens involvement in housework has increased less than womens involvement in paid work. Also, the gap between the amount of chores women did in the 1960's and the 1980's was women spent less time on it rather than men did more of it. |
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What do feminists say about the changes in gender roles? * |
The reject the idea of symmetry. In oakley's study (1974) she found little evidence of symmetry. Women in paid employment still had the responsibility for housework. Family life is also still patriarichal and benefit from it more than women. |
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What has caused gender roles to change ? |
1.the rise of feminism 2. Availability of effective contraception 3.women's increased participation in full-time paid jobs. 4. An increase in home based leisure activities |
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How has the patterns of divorce changed? Support with figures. |
In general, the number of divorces per year has increased since the 1940s. In 1970, 63,000 divorces were granted in the UK. The number of divorces peaked at around 180,000 in 1993 but fell to 144,000 in 2007. |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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Whats the difference between cohabitation and marriage |
Cohabitation is when you live with a partner outside of marriage or civil partnership. Marriage is when the partners that have a legal contract that establishes their rights and obligations. |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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Whats the difference between cohabitation and marriage |
Cohabitation is when you live with a partner outside of marriage or civil partnership. Marriage is when the partners that have a legal contract that establishes their rights and obligations. |
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What is a civil partnership ? |
Its a relation between 2 people of the same sex who register as civil partners and therefore have heir relationship legally recognised. |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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Whats the difference between cohabitation and marriage |
Cohabitation is when you live with a partner outside of marriage or civil partnership. Marriage is when the partners that have a legal contract that establishes their rights and obligations. |
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What is a civil partnership ? |
Its a relation between 2 people of the same sex who register as civil partners and therefore have heir relationship legally recognised. |
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What happened to the marriage patterns? |
The marriage rate has declined from 7.1 marriages per 1000 people in 1981, to 5.2 marriages per 1000 people in 2005. |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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Whats the difference between cohabitation and marriage |
Cohabitation is when you live with a partner outside of marriage or civil partnership. Marriage is when the partners that have a legal contract that establishes their rights and obligations. |
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What is a civil partnership ? |
Its a relation between 2 people of the same sex who register as civil partners and therefore have heir relationship legally recognised. |
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What happened to the marriage patterns? |
The marriage rate has declined from 7.1 marriages per 1000 people in 1981, to 5.2 marriages per 1000 people in 2005. |
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What has happened to the cohabitation patterns, and what has caused that to happen ? |
Cohabitation has doubled over the last 20 years in Britain. This increase is due to change in social attitudes towards sex outside of marriage and due to the secularisation process. |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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Whats the difference between cohabitation and marriage |
Cohabitation is when you live with a partner outside of marriage or civil partnership. Marriage is when the partners that have a legal contract that establishes their rights and obligations. |
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What is a civil partnership ? |
Its a relation between 2 people of the same sex who register as civil partners and therefore have heir relationship legally recognised. |
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What happened to the marriage patterns? |
The marriage rate has declined from 7.1 marriages per 1000 people in 1981, to 5.2 marriages per 1000 people in 2005. |
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What has happened to the cohabitation patterns, and what has caused that to happen ? |
Cohabitation has doubled over the last 20 years in Britain. This increase is due to change in social attitudes towards sex outside of marriage and due to the secularisation process. |
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What has happened to the amount of births outside of marriage? |
During the 1960s and 1970s, the number of births outside of marriages has increased, and in 2006 over 40 percent of babies were born outside marriage. However, most of the babies are born to a cohabiting couple. |
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What has caused divorce to increase ? |
1. The secularisation process has weakened the religious barrier to divorce 2. Changes in social position of women women are independent and don't have to live with a man 3. Changing attitudes to divorce 4. Legal changes made divorce easier and cheaper. |
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What legal changes have influenced the availability of divorce |
1.the divorce reform act 1969 introduced 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' for divorce. 2. The new legislation that was introduced in 1984 a new legislation allowed divorce after a year of marriage instead of 3 years of marriage. |
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What are the consequences of divorce ? |
1. An increase in some household and families e.g. Lone parent families and single people house holds. 2. Some children can lose contact with one of their parents. 3. Divorced people especially men can face a loss of emotional support. 4. Conflict can continue between divorces couples because of disputes about parenting and property issues. 5. Divorce can lead to a loss of income and financial difficulties for the former partners, especially lone parents with dependant children. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a reconstituted family ? |
Disadvantage May cause a problem for the individual family member that has to adjust to new behaviour expectations. Advantage Theres more people to provide attention and support . |
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Whats the difference between cohabitation and marriage |
Cohabitation is when you live with a partner outside of marriage or civil partnership. Marriage is when the partners that have a legal contract that establishes their rights and obligations. |
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What is a civil partnership ? And when was introduced ? |
Its a relation between 2 people of the same sex who register as civil partners and therefore have heir relationship legally recognised. This was introduced in 2005. |
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What happened to the marriage patterns? |
The marriage rate has declined from 7.1 marriages per 1000 people in 1981, to 5.2 marriages per 1000 people in 2005. |
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What has happened to the cohabitation patterns, and what has caused that to happen ? |
Cohabitation has doubled over the last 20 years in Britain. This increase is due to change in social attitudes towards sex outside of marriage and due to the secularisation process. |
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What has happened to the amount of births outside of marriage? |
During the 1960s and 1970s, the number of births outside of marriages has increased, and in 2006 over 40 percent of babies were born outside marriage. However, most of the babies are born to a cohabiting couple. |
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What does fertility mean ? Has it increased or decreased over time? |
The average number of children that a women of a childbearing age (between 15-44 ) give birth to in a particular society. This has increased over time. |
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What has caused a decline in the fertility rate ? |
1. Changing attitudes to family size. In the past poor parents relied on their children's income but now its expensive to raise children. 2. Later marriage 3. Women's increased participation in education and paid employment 4. The availability of effective birth control methods |
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whats the difference between how parents and child relationships were in the past and how they are now?
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1. relationships are less authoritarian- less emphasis on parental authority and discipline.
2. relationships are more child centred- there is more focus on children's interests and needs. 3. younf people are now more financially dependant on their family for a longer time comapred with the past. 4. pryor and trindor (2004) note that middle class parents are more than working class parents likely to involve their children in decsion making. |
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what does life expectancy mean? and what are the trends of this?
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the average number of years a new born is expected to live. In the UK, life expectancy has risen over the last century. In 2006 it wass 77 years old for men and 82 years old for women and in the future its accepted to increase.
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what are the reason for the life expectancy`s trend ? (6)
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1. decrease in infant mortality rates.
2. welfare state provision. 3. improvements in public health and sanitation. 4. improvemnets in preventive measures. 5. advances in medicine and surgery. 6. healthier life style and improvements in diet and nutrition. |
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whats the definition for infant mortality rate ?
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the number of deaths per 1000 live births per year.
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whats meant by the ageing population?
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the propotion of the population over retirement is gradually increasing.
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how do you think the changes in life expectancy and fertility affected the ageing population ?
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as a result of the declining fertiltiy and longer life expectancy, the age structure of the uk population is changing. It now has a smaller proportion of older people. Which means that it caused the UK to have an ageing population.
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state two families/ households that might be cause by the changes happening to the ageing population.
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an increase in one-person households and beanpole families.
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