Fallacies

Front 1

Hasty generalization

Back 1

Generalized not supported by data

Leap to conclusion

Hint 1

Ennumerative

Front 2

Weak analogy

Back 2

Argument through comparison

The characteristics alleged to be alike in the premise are not relevant to the conclusion

Hint 2

Analogy

Front 3

False cause

Post hoc ergo propter hoe

Back 3

After this therefore because of this

It follows therefore it cause

One thing precedes therefore it causes

Hint 3

Causal

Front 4

False cause

Non causa pro causa

Back 4

Not the cause is the cause

Misidentify the cause

Hint 4

Causal

Front 5

Appeal to ignorance

Back 5

A lack of evidence is in fact evidence to the contrary

Front 6

Appeal to authority

Back 6

Based on qualifications or status a conclusion must be true

Qualifications/status can be relevant to a conclusion

Front 7

Circular reasoning

(Begging the question)

Back 7

The premise presupposes the conclusion

The premise is the conclusion restated

Ex. It is not the case that God does not exist. God exist.

Front 8

Complex question

Back 8

Yes/ no questions that assume some premise. A question

Ex. How long have you been smoking pot.

Front 9

False alternative (false choice)

Back 9

Assume two possibilities (either or)

Front 10

Heap paradox

Back 10

When a term is vague neither provable

True or false

Front 11

Slippery slope

Back 11

Argument proceeds from valid conclusions to an extreme and ungrounded one.

Front 12

Composition

Back 12

Ascribe a quality in part of the whole to the whole

Front 13

Division

Back 13

something true for the whole must also be true of all or some of its parts

Front 14

Appeal to pity

Back 14

Evoking emotion (pathos)

Appeals the emotion of the audience

Front 15

Appeal to force

Back 15

Convince people to do something

Resorts to threats to support conclusion

Front 16

Bandwagon( ad populum)

Back 16

Appeal to popularity

Front 17

Ad hominem

Back 17

Attack on a person not their ideas

(To the man/to the person)

Front 18

Besides the point

Back 18

Premise not related to conclusion

Ex. 2+2= 4. Therefore ham is delicious.