Fallacies

Front 1

Straw Man

Back 1

A weakened misrepresentation of an opponent's view. Depicts the opponent's position as mindless and weak.

Front 2

Bifurcation

Back 2

reducing possibilities to only two.
"Be miserable or buy a BMW"

Front 3

Begging the Question

Back 3

The use of the claim as its own justification
"it's raining becase water if falling from the sky"

Front 4

Slippery Slope

Back 4

the prediction of catastrophe based on a series of links started by one particular act.
"Now they want us to start tucking in our shirts, next thing you know they'll be supervising our personal hygiene"

Front 5

Abusive Ad Hominem

Back 5

Sidetracks the issues by atacking te person.
"This guy can't teach; he's got terrible teeth"

Front 6

Tu Quo Que

Back 6

Attempts to discredit an rgument based on a person's hypocrisy
"Yeah, but officer haven't you ever rolled through a stop sign."

Front 7

Question-Begging Epithet

Back 7

Calls someone a name that implies a quality or fact that is not proved.
"a large gentleman sits down to eat at a buffet and a lady near him whispers, we'd better hurry before that hog eats everything left."

Front 8

False Cause

Back 8

Turns a coincidence or a correlation into a cause
"I got fired after i had that burrito- i'll never eat Mexican again."

Front 9

Hasty Generalization

Back 9

Concludes too much from too little
"This sandal uses a braided strap; it must have been made in India"

Front 10

Sweeping Generalization

Back 10

Misapplies a true principal to a situation that is exceptional.
"Pets are good for old folks. My grandma, who is allergic to cats, ought to get a cat to keep her company."

Front 11

fallacies

Back 11

fallacies

Front 12

Composition

Back 12

assumes that what is true of an individual in a group must be true of the entire group
"nick is really smart; his class must be the smart class"

Front 13

Division

Back 13

assumes that what is true of the group as a whole must be true of each member
"Nick's class got the highest average on the final; he must have scored higher than i"

Front 14

Equivocation

Back 14

changes the meaning of a word or phrease in mid-discussion
"I'd give you my reasons, but you won't listen to reason, so i won't bother."

Front 15

Complex Question

Back 15

asks a question that assumes and so corners its respondent.
"When do you think you'll drop out of school?"

Front 16

Appeal To Fear

Back 16

Manipulates agreement by way of fear instead of cogent reason
"Mr. Summers, i think i deserve an A. My father's on the board and I'd hate to see your reputation turn sour here at Oaks."

Front 17

Appeal to Pity

Back 17

manipulates agreement by way of pity
"Mr. Summers, you can't give me a C. I've worked so hard. I have spent so many nights up late finishing your papers"

Front 18

Band Wagon

Back 18

Convinces by arguing an idea's popularity
"Thousands of moms can't be wrong: Tid is the choice of America"

Front 19

Amphibole

Back 19

Syntax of the sentence confuses the meaning of the sentence.
"Slow Children crossing"

Front 20

Special Pleading

Back 20

colors the language according to the arguers' perspective
"No, Jon is not dishonest; she's just generous with her answers"

Front 21

Guilt By Association

Back 21

uses bad reputations to discredit
"Yeah. that's a great idea, didnt Hitler say the same thing?"