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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What can you do to stimulate breathing in the neonate
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tickle nostril with piece of straw
vigorous rubbing of skin over legs (somatic resp effect) suction airway carefully (prolonged aspiration stim vagal bradycardia |
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What is the neonate's normal stimulus to breathe after birth
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asphyxia -> gasping
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describe the neonate acid base balance
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transient acidosis
metabolic (1-4 hrs) resp (<48 hrs) dystocia |
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what should occur by 5 min after birth
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sitting sternal
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What are the 1-2-3's for foals
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1 hr - foal standing
2 hrs - nursing 3 hrs - pass placenta |
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A newborn must nurse within what time frame?
What should you do if you are unsure? |
first 2-3 hrs
within 6 hrs if unsure provide 20-40 ml/kg good quality colostrum |
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foal parameters
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sitting/ sternal - 5 min
suckling reflex - 5-10 min time to stand - 1 hr time to suck - 2 hrs passes meconium - 3 hrs |
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lamb parameters
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sitting/ sternal - 5-10 min
time to stand - 10-20 min time to suck - 2 hrs |
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calf parameters
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sitting/ sternal - 5 min
suckling reflex - 2-20 min time to stand - 60-158 min (longer in dairy) time to suck - 81 min (beef), 160 min (dairy) |
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care of newborn
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dip navel
- 0.5% chlorhex BID x few days enema - rec by some to remove meconium - may cause electrolyte disturb be sure receives colostrum - nurse w/in 2-3 hrs - if unsure, give 20-40 ml/kg good quality colostrum vaccinations - mare vax 1 mo prior to foaling = none - mare not vax prior to foaling = tetanus toxoid +/- tet antitox A/B? - foals born in contaminated environment - abn placenta (pos infect in uterus) vit E & selenium - if region selenium defic and mother was not supplemented |
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when should you do a newborn exam (if everything is normal)
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next morning
exam newborn and placenta |
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normal vs abn foal exam (vitals
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norm
- BAR/ erect head & neck - Temp 99-102 - HR 80-120 bpm - RR 30-40 Abn - depressed/ sleepy/ excitable/ seiz - hypothermia = sepsis, fever = infection - increased HR = pain/dehyd/sepsis, decreased HR = shock - increased RR = pain/pneum/stress, decreased = shock/cold/premie |
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foal warning signs
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change in behavior
- wandering/ not knowing how/where to nurse milk on face - cleft palate/ HYPP/ asp pneum - dummy foal - neuro probs mares udder swollen/ dripping milk - liver probs (septicemia/ icterus) |
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foal clin path
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leukocytes
- neutropenia with bands = something is going on fibrinogen - if elevated w/in 48 hrs after birth, something was happening in utero chem - TP/CK/AP/Bili - if bili continues to climb, worry about isoerythrolysis |
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Colostrum must be ingested w/in what time frame
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24 hrs
best w/in 2-3 hrs |
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absorption of IgG occurs by
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pinocytosis
*only avail during 1st 24 hrs* |
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reasons for FPT
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production fail
- premie - poor quality - leakage - placentitis ingestion fail - dam = poor/ inexp, conformation - baby = weakness/ health probs absorption fail - premie - sepsis |
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how do you know if passive transfer occurred
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refractometry
- > 5 = successful Zn Sulfate, Na sulfite, Gluteraldehyde coag test - no transfer = remains clear commercial kits - SNAP IgG test - > 800 = good SRID GGT - if has nursed will go up (400 - 800 or more) |
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when do you wean a foal
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when foal is consuming enough w/o mother's milk
~ 3-6 mo |
