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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How far can you go in a bronch?
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5 generations
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What are lasers used for in a bronch?
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to get rid of tumors
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What is the most common cause of hemoptysis during a bronch?
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chronic bronchitis
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Why do you do a bronch with interstitial lung disease?
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to get test samples to diagnose
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What causes hypoxemia during a bronch?
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The longer the procedure
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What is 3ml 4% xylocaine used for in a bronch?
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the nostril and above the vocal chords
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What is 3ml 2% xylocaine used for in a bronch?
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the nostril
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What is 6ml 2% xylocaine used for in a bronch?
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below the vocal chords
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What is 15ml 0.9% NaCl used for in a bronch?
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irrigation
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What is a CVP line used for?
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Right heart values, give medication,
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Which type of pleural effusion has high protein content and is a result of disease processes such as pneumonia or TB when the pleural space is damaged?
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exudate
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Which type of pleural effusion is low protein and is the result of when the pleural space is undamaged, such as CHF? Common but small effusions
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transudate
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What occurs when you expand a pneumothorax too fast?
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reexpansion pulmonary edema
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ATP comes from where?
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food
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What is necessary for ATP to be reduced?
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O2
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What is the RQ
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Ratio of O2 uptake/min : CO2 produced/min
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What is BEE
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Basal energy expenditure
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What do you use to calculated the BEE?
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Harrison-Benedict calculation
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What are the requirements to calculate the BEE
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absolute rest with no movement
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What do we store in large quantities to meet our energy demands?
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Glycogen
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What are signs of starvation of the respiratory system?
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Decreased surfactant production, emphysema like changes, gluconeogenesis (eats protein), low PFT's
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List 4 PFT values that would be low if the respiratory system was being starved
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FVC, FEV1, and DlCO
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What is the RQ for fats?
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0.7
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What is the RQ for carbs?
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1.0
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What is the RQ for protein?
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0.85
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What are the detriments of a high carb diet?
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retain CO2
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What are the benefits of a high carb diet?
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Increased endurance, performance work with less O2 demands
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List three different ways to deliver nutrition
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TPN, NG, orally
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How long before starvation starts to occur with TPN
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12-16 hours
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What GCS score indicates intubation
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<9
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What GCS indicates non ICU
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12-15
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What GCS indicates moderate coma
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9-12
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What nerves stimulate gag reflex
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vagus (9) and glossopharyngeal (10)
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myasthenia gravis has what symptoms
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Abnormal deep tendon reflex and impaired nerve impulse transmission
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What does the Babinski sign indicate in adults?
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Lesion of UMN or brain disease
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At what age should the babinski sign disappear
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12-18 months
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What does PEERL stand for?
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Pupils are equal round and reactive to light and accomodation
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Which posture is thumb tucked under fists, rotation inward?
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Decorticate
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What posture is UMN lesion above the red nucleus?
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Decorticate
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What posture is arms rotated out
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decerebrate
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What posture is lesions below the red nucleus
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decerebrate
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If the ICP is high, what decreases?
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CPP
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What is the formula for PVR
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(Mean PAP - PWP)/ CO x 80
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What is the formula for SVR
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(MAP-CVP)/CO x80
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Where is the catheter located and what are the values?
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Right atrium and 2-6mm HG
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Where is the pulmonary artery catheter located and what are the values?
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right ventricle 20-30/0-5
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Where is this catheter located and what are its values?
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pulmonary artery, normal pressures 20-30/6-15mmhg
Mean 10-20 mmhg |
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What is the location of this catheter and its values?
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Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 4-12mmHg
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