Fad Final

Front 1

the majority of mothers with children 0-6 work outside the home with the exception of

Back 1

hispanic groups

Front 2

household labor

Back 2

unpaid work done to maintain family members/home

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routine household labor

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non discretionary tasks that cannot be postponed: cooking, cleaning, washing dishes

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occasional labor

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household tasks that are more time flexible and discretionary; repair, yard care, paying bills

Front 5

time availability perspective

Back 5

suggests division of labor is divided by need for labor and each partner's availability to do those tasks

Front 6

relative resources perspective

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the greater amount of value of resources one partner has, the more power they have in the relationship; use this to bargain chores

Front 7

gender perspective

Back 7

"doing gender" suggests that household labor has been expected as women's work

Front 8

work family conflict

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tension under which people feel that the pressure from paid work and family roles are somehow incompatible; reported more by men

Front 9

role overload

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feeling overwhelmed by different commitments and worrying that there isnt enough time to meet each effectively

Front 10

spillover

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occurrence cause by the demands of work in one sphere carrying over into work in another sphere

Front 11

1977-2008 men felt work family conflict__

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has increased from 35% to 59%

Front 12

daycare centers

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nonresidential facilities that can provide childcare

ex: church; attached to private school

Front 13

family childcare providers

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private homes other than the child's where childcare is provided; not by a relative

Front 14

nannies/babysitters

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non-relatives that provide childcare in the home

Front 15

self-care

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children who are unsupervised and are taking care of themselves

Front 16

which is the safest method for childcare?

Back 16

daycare centers

Front 17

which childcare method has the most fatalities/injuries?

Back 17

family care

Front 18

coercive power

Back 18

power by being able to punish someone

- exists between parent and child

- penal system

Front 19

reward power

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having power by being able to reward

- parent/child

-romantic partners- intimacy

can be used with gifts, love, praise

Front 20

expert power

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having power when you are an expert in something

-because you have experience people will have to listen to you

Front 21

informational power

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power used to influence or inform someone

can be used negatively: blackmail or gossip

Front 22

referent power

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power someone has because someone else gives up their power to them

- used to avoid conflict

- stockholm syndrome

Front 23

legitimate power

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power given to you by another powerful organization; gives you the power to be able to do certain things

ex: police officer

Front 24

resource hypothesis

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the spouse with more resources has the most power

Front 25

patterns of power in marriage

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most equal at the beginning of marriage

- women power diminishes after first birth, resources and energy is limited

Front 26

intimate partner violence

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violence by spouses, ex spouses or former/current gfs or bfs

ex: going into phone, house, life

Front 27

patriarchal terrorism

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controlling the partner through fear or intimidation

ex: throwing things, threaten to hit, screaming

Front 28

common couple violence

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both people participate in this, not one perpetrator

- public places, clubs, bars

Front 29

why are divorce rates higher in second marriages than first?

Back 29

- 65%

baggage of raising other kids from different families

also see warning signs from first marriage

Front 30

crude divorce rate

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samples of people and asking about relationship status

- not accurate because you can count the same relationship twice

- may not have a good representative sample

Front 31

refined divorce rate

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* best way to calculate how many people have gotten divorced

- sample a thousand woman 15+ and see how many are married and how many are divorced

Front 32

why did the divorce rate peek around the 1970s?

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- divorce become socially acceptable

- feminist movement

- women went back to work

Front 33

economic interdependence

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some people stay with their spouses out of fearing poverty; need for financial dependency

- losing accustomed lifestyle

- binding factors

Front 34

legal and social constraints

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people stay together because divorce is not easy

- negative society reaction

- religious values

-dividing legal assets

- its expensive

Front 35

relationship with spouse

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couples stay together even when they are not happy because of good memories and history that encourage them to get through the rough patch

Front 36

divorce and the independent effect

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work gives women a sense of self identity outside of being a mother and wife. The empowerment may lead women to believe they do not need to be married to be successful (psychologically and financially)

Front 37

divorce and the income effect

Back 37

women who work have the income to afford an attorney or to support themselves outside the realm of marriage

Front 38

the changed nature of marriage

Back 38

it used to be economic survival, not is viewed more recreational

- not as important as it used to be

Front 39

intergenerational transmission of divorce

Back 39

generations have patterns of marriage and divorce- more likely to divorce if parents did; can be used to cop in an unhappy marriage "my parents did it and survived"

- children learn unhealthy communication skills that lead to divorce

- hard for parents to be hypocritical in terms of divorce

Front 40

compared to married people, divorced ones:

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lower levels of life satisfaction, negative mood, poorer health, depression, somewhat more inclined to suicide

Front 41

who is more depressed; divorced people or ones in unhappy marriages?

Back 41

unhappy marriages

Front 42

why are some people unhappy after a divorce if they expected to be happy?

Back 42

they were unhappy before, now they are unhappy and alone. some people were just unhappy and blamed it on their partner. it takes time to get over failed expectations of their partners and themselves

Front 43

emotional divorce

Back 43

one or both people start to emotionally pull themselves out of the relationship. Stop caring about other person; happens before they get attorney.

- partner may not want divorce and separate themselves, no longer rely or try winning affection

Front 44

legal divorce

Back 44

seek attorney, discuses finances, child support, parental rights

- $5000 with children involved

- Florida $200

Front 45

community divorce

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splitting social assets

- friends, places so you don't run into eachother

Front 46

psychic divorce

Back 46

focusing on getting your "i" perspective back

- nothing is a "we" decision anymore

- cant tell ex what to do

Front 47

economic divorce

Back 47

may be present long after legal divorce; credits can be affected because of partners or prior mutual bills

- pay child support/ help maintain children

Front 48

why are women more likely to get unequal division of property after a divorce?

Back 48

women have unequal wages and loss of time from work

relied on ex as breadwinners

harder to financially support themselves

Front 49

why are men more passive about child support?

Back 49

socialization or gender roles make men feel emasculated or embarrassed to ask a woman for money

Front 50

life stress perspective

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the losses or changes children go through due to parents divorce

- new house, state, staying with one parent, stress

Front 51

parental loss perspective

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children in divorce only have access to one parent at a time; harder when one parent is relocated--feels like they lost a parent

Front 52

parental adjustment perspective

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parents fail to recognize child needs adjusting to the divorce too; the way a parent acts during this time affects what type of parent they are to their kid

Front 53

economic hardship perspective

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when parents divorce their income splits which leads to children having limited expenses. Cannot afford to buy or do all the things they used to

Front 54

inter-parental conflict perspective

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children observe parents fighting before, during, and after divorce. parents talk bad about one another to child and child is caught in the middle; difficult because they feel loyalty to both parents

Front 55

the marital endurance ethic

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previously unhappy couples who turned marriage around who believed to outlast their problems

- cant change the weather so you wait for storm to pass

Front 56

the marital work ethic

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couples who turned marriage around by working proactively to make things better

couples seminars, books, therapy

Front 57

the personal happiness ethic

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couples who turn marriage around by focusing on their selves and not other partner, make themselves happy

consequences: happiness rubs off on partner, work on being happy together

BUT may also result in resentment

Front 58

no fault divorce

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legal in 50 states where a divorcing couple can go to a judge without one party having to blame another

Front 59

alimony

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payment from one partner to another to support more dependent spouse for a period of time

Front 60

legal custody

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an agreement which one parent makes all the important decisions regarding their children after the divorce - school, where they will live

Front 61

sole legal custody

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child custody arrangement in which legal custody is solely granted to the parent the child lives with

Front 62

joint legal custody

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noncustodial parents retain legal rights with respect to their children

Front 63

sole physical custody

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child legally lives with one parent and "visits" the other

Front 64

joint physical custody

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child spends a substantial amount of time in homes of both parents; taking turns different weeks or days of the week

Front 65

child snatching

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a noncustodial parent kidnaps child

Front 66

binuclear family

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a family consisting of divorced parents living in separate households but remain a family for the sake and spirit of their children

Front 67

how much do remarriages account for?

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nearly half of all marriages 46%

Front 68

__ of divorced women remarry within 10 years

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75%

Front 69

___ of divorced women remarry after 15 years

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83%

Front 70

how many years on average does a divorced person remarry within?

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4 years

Front 71

what percent of divorced people remarry within one year?

Back 71

30%

Front 72

how does courtship before remarriage differ from their first marriage?

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proceeds faster, more cautious with partner, earlier/more sexual, may include outings with children and nights at home to recapture their accustomed domesticity

Front 73

why are remarriages usually heterogamous?

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people want something drastically different then the first time (homogamy) in hopes for a different outcome

Front 74

older people are more likely to marry homogamous but this does not apply to

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middle-aged or younger people

Front 75

what is one of the greatest stressors for remarriages and step parenting?

Back 75

there are no socially prescribed norms or scripts regarding remarried families for relating to each other, defining responsibilities, or working with their unique complexities

Front 76

which factors influence the odds of remarriage?

Back 76

- having children

- age (works against women)

worst situation is an old woman with kids

Front 77

why are remarriage divorce rates higher? (65%)

Back 77

more willing to exit relationship based on previous experience

Front 78

conflicting loyalty

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when children feel they are being disloyal to their biological parent by liking their step-parent

Front 79

displacement

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when you feel like your mom or dad are giving all their attention to their new partner rather than you

Front 80

competition

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child feels competitive with stepchildren or new coming children

Front 81

anger

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child is mad at biological parent and/or new partner because they had no say in the divorce/marriage

Front 82

sadness

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when child sees step parent around and they realize there is no hope in parents getting back together

Front 83

sense of uncertainty about future

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child doesnt know what is going to happen with step parent in the family

they also worry if that new marriage is going to workout

Front 84

fantasy

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stage 1: in stepfamily development parent expects smooth adjustment while child expects step parent disappears and his parents will get back together

Front 85

immersion

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stage 2: tensions emerge from stepfamily's subunits

Front 86

awareness

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stage 3: family members realize that there earlier fantasies are not coming true; may contemplate divorce

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mobilization

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stage 4: family members make effort for change; trial and error leads to success but also drastic failures

Front 88

action

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stage 5: remarried adults form solid alliance, clarified boundaries, and stepparent-child relationship is better

Front 89

contact

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stage 6: step parent becomes significant adult family figure; couple has more control

Front 90

resolution

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stage 7: stepfamily achieves integration and appreciates its uniqueness as a family

Front 91

re-parenting

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the act of entering a relationship after divorce which leads to cohabitation or marriage

Front 92

double standard of aging

Back 92

as women get older they become less attractive and feminine but as men age they do not have that issue

Front 93

reasons for instability in remarriage

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heterogamy, lower social class, divorce is an option, less social support, unique stressors

Front 94

mean of remarriage for men and women

Back 94

women- 34.2

men- 37.8

10 years older than first marriage

Front 95

why is life expectancy longer now?

Back 95

medical technology, proper nutrition, letter living standards and access to healthcare, fitness movement

Front 96

the baby boom generation

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born between the 1950s and 1960s

Front 97

elderly women outnumber elderly men, 86 men per 100 women, what does the disparity increase with?

Back 97

age

Front 98

are elderly men or women most likely to live alone/not married?

Back 98

elderly women

Front 99

"boomerangers"

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adult children who return home temporarily after leaving home for school, work, or other reasons

Front 100

relationship between adult parent- child

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strong connection but parents feel closer to their children than the children do to their parents; parents of adult child may help with expenses, housing, heath care, day care, and educational funds

Front 101

elderly men and women in widowhood

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men are more likely to remarry but have harder time with widowhood; women have more financial difficulties

Front 102

the stages of grief

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denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Front 103

companionate grandparent-grandchild relationship

Back 103

have fun together, enjoy recreation on a regular basis, and are important in one another's life

Front 104

remote grandparent-grandchild relationship

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emotionally distant, infrequent visits, minimally involved in each others lives

Front 105

involved grandparent-grandchild relationship

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highly involved in grandchild's life, may take care of them on a regular basis or even live together

Front 106

activities of daily living

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general day to day activities such as cooking, cleaning, bathing and repairs (ADL's)

Front 107

older age formal care

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care provided by social services on a paid or volunteer basis

Front 108

informal care older age

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unpaid care by someone close to the person

Front 109

sandwhich generation

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the people in between taking care of children or adult children as well as their older parents

Front 110

elderly and sexual desire

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in marriage sexual activity still remains essential; non married may encounter issues like STI's

Front 111

changing grandparent role over the last century

Back 111

role distinct from parenting, healthier/better educated, recognize importance of emotional involvement, easier to travel long distance and phone calls or computer communication

Front 112

men, women, retirement

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men are more satisfied with retirement, women are busy after retirement with volunteer and family activities, retirement is associated with decrease in marital quality

Front 113

mutually economically dependent couples

Back 113

couples in which each couple earns 40%-50%

Front 114

why do people abuse?

Back 114

feeling powerless, lack of resources, insecurities

Front 115

what custody are children better off in?

Back 115

joint custody