Factors That Influence Labor And Delivery

Front 1

Functions of the pelvis

Back 1

A. To support and protect the pelvic contents B. To form the relatively fixed axis of
the birth passage

Front 2

THE PASSAGE: COMPOSITION-

Back 2

the rigid bony pelvis, soft
tissues of the cervix, pelvic floor, vagina and introitus

Front 3

which 4 bones make up the bony pelvis?

Back 3

two innominate bones, the sacrum and the coccyx.

Front 4

Pelvic inlet:

Back 4

bounded by the pubic bone,
inominate bones, sacrum and sacral promontory

Front 5

Pelvic outlet:

Back 5

ovoid shaped, bounded by
the pubic arch, ischial spines, and thecoccyx

Front 6

What determines if the baby will deliver vaginally?

Back 6

Diameters of pelvic inlet, midpelvis, and outlet, Axis of the birth canal, Curve and length of the sacrum and coccyx, Character of the ischial spines

Front 7

TYPES OF PELVES: Gynecoid

Back 7

most common and obstetrically favorable for vag delivery

Front 8

Android

Back 8

C/S is common

Front 9

Anthropoid

Back 9

often causes OP

Front 10

Platypelloid

Back 10

flat with a wide angle of
ischial spines

Front 11

SOFT TISSUES

Back 11

Distensible lower uterine segment, Cervix, Pelvic floor muscles, Vagina, Introitus

Front 12

what happens to the uterus After labor is initiated?

Back 12

the uterus separates into a thick muscular upper segment and a thin-walled lower segment

Front 13

what happens to The pelvic floor After labor is initiated?

Back 13

separates the pelvic cavity
from the perineum and deflects the baby to
rotate during delivery

Front 14

what affects if the baby will be dilivered vaginally?

Back 14

the size of the fetal head and
shoulders as well as fetal presentation, position and attitude

Front 15

Sutures

Back 15

membranous tissue that untie
the cranial bones and allow for molding of
the head

Front 16

Fontanelles

Back 16

where the suture lines
intersect

Front 17

Anterior fontanelle

Back 17

larger, at the crown,
diamond shaped, closes by 12- 18 months, allows for continued brain growth

Front 18

Posterior fontanelle

Back 18

smaller, triangular,
closes at about 2 months

Front 19

Presentations

Back 19

Determined by the fetal lie and the body part entering the pelvis

Front 20

Infant w/ microcephaly, ROCKERBOTTOM FEET, & structural heart defect

Back 20

Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18)

Front 21

longitudinal lie

Back 21

occurs when the cephalocaudal axis of the fetus is parallel to the woman's spine.

Front 22

transverse lie

Back 22

occurs when the cephalocaudal axis of the fetal spine is at a right angle to the woman's spine. a transverse lie is assoc w/ a shoulder presentation and can lead to complications in the later stages of labor

Front 23

mentum

Back 23

the fetal chin

Front 24

sinciput

Back 24

the anterior area known as the brow

Front 25

vertex

Back 25

the area btw the ant and pos. fontanelles

Front 26

cephallic

Back 26

head down

Front 27

shoulders

Back 27

transverse

Front 28

breech

Back 28

feet or butt

Front 29

Presenting Part

Back 29

That part of the fetus lying over the cervical os

Front 30

LIE

Back 30

The relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother

Front 31

Relationship of fetal parts to each other: FLEXED

Back 31

occiput

Front 32

EXTENDED

Back 32

brow

Front 33

HYPEREXTENDED (STARGAZING)

Back 33

chin

Front 34

Position

Back 34

Relationship of presenting part to maternal pelvis (Right and left anterior and posterior)

Front 35

To describe finding on exam

Back 35

Direction, presenting part, direction presenting part is facing

Front 36

Engagement: The largest transverse diameter

Back 36

the biparietal has passed through the inlet and
into the outlet at station zero

Front 37

STATION

Back 37

where baby is in relationship to the ischial spines

Front 38

POWERS:

PRIMARY

Back 38

involuntary contractions

Front 39

SECONDARY

Back 39

voluntary bearing down
effort

Front 40

UC’s

Responsible for:

Back 40

Retraction of the upper uterine
segment, Effacement and dilatation, Descent of the fetus

Front 41

PSYCHE

Back 41

Self-confidence, Coping, Expectations, Response to pain/anxiety, Past experience, Cultural expectation, Physical status - labor progress

Front 42

A GOOD EXPERIENCE

Back 42

Empathy, Orientation, Support person, Assessment, Guidance, Encouragement

Front 43

5th P

Maternal position

Back 43

sitting ,squatting, walking

Front 44

PHYSIOLOGY OF LABOR

THEORIES: Estrogen

Back 44

stimulates UC’s and permits
softening, stretching and thinning

Front 45

Progesterone

Back 45

decreased availability to
uterus

Front 46

Prostaglandin

Back 46

effects hormones?

Front 47

Corticotrophins

Back 47

stimulates prostaglandins

Front 48

CARDIAC- c.o. up 35% –1st stage

Back 48

30 – 50% second stage, BP- up 40 sys 5 25 dias, HR- up, Incr stroke volume Blood volume- down after delivery, WBC’s – up to 25,000 is normal after del, Malar flush

Front 49

Respiratory and metabolic

Back 49

Rate – up – d/t increased metabolism of
labor METABOLIC Changes: ACIDOSIS D/T MUSCLE ACTIVITY, NPO

Front 50

RENAL

Back 50

Diaphoresis, polyuria, proteinuria, tissue edema to bladder

Front 51

GI

Back 51

decreased, N/V, diarrhea

Front 52

Musculoskeletal

Back 52

increased muscle activity, leg cramps, backache

Front 53

Neuro

Back 53

altered sensorium with no anes

Front 54

Fetal adaptation

Back 54

Maternal position, Contractions, BP, Umbilical cord flow

Front 55

Premonitory signs of labor

Back 55

Lightening, Braxton- Hicks, Cervical changes, Bloody show, ROM, Nesting, Weight loss, Backache, Flu-like symptoms

Front 56

True labor

Back 56

progressive effacement and
dilatation of the cervix, Regular UC’s- longer, stronger, closer, Pain unrelieved

Front 57

False labor

Back 57

No change of cervix, Irregular UC, Discomfort relieved