Face & Head Muscles

Front 1

Origin:
Occipitofrontalis
(occipital belly)

Back 1

Lateral two thirds of superior nuchal line of occipital and mastoid process of temporal.

Front 2

Insertion:
Occipitofrontalis
(occipital belly)

Back 2

Galea aponeurotica covering skull.

Front 3

Action:
Occipitofrontalis
(occipital belly)

Back 3

Draws back scalp and aids in wrinkling forehead.

Front 4

Origin:
Occipitofrontalis
(frontal belly)

Back 4

Galea aponeurotica

Front 5

Insertion:
Occipitofrontalis
(frontal belly)

Back 5

Fascia of facial muscles and skin above nose and eyes (near eyebrows)

Front 6

Action:
Occipitofrontalis
(frontal belly)

Back 6

Draws back scalp, wrinkles forehead, raises eyebrows (tightens head; wrinkles forehead, etc)

Front 7

Trigger Point:
Occipitofrontalis

Back 7

Frontalis: area above eyebrow

Occipitalis: middle just above the nuchal line

Front 8

Origin:
Temporoparietalis

Back 8

Lateral border of galea aponeurotica

Front 9

Insertion:
Temporparietalis

Back 9

Fascia above and cartilage of the auricle (ear).

Front 10

Action:
Temporoparietalis

Back 10

Raises ears and tightens scalp

Front 11

Origin:
Orbicularis Oris

Back 11

Arises indirectly from the maxilla and mandible; fibers blend with fibers of other facial muscles associated with the lips

Front 12

Insertion:
Orbicularis Oris

Back 12

Encircles mouth and inserts into muscle and skin at angles of mouth (tissues around)

Front 13

Action:
Orbicularis Oris

Back 13

Closes and protrudes lips; compresses lips against teeth

Front 14

Other functions:
Orbicularis Oris

Back 14

"Kissing Muscle"

Important in whistling and forming many letters during speech.

Front 15

Origin:
Mentalis

Back 15

Incisive fossa of mandible (indentation at chin)

Front 16

Insertion:
Mentalis

Back 16

Skin of chin (bottom)

Front 17

Action:
Mentalis

Back 17

Elevates and protrudes lower lip, at same time wrinkling the skin of the chin

(pouting muscle)

Front 18

Origin:
Buccinator

Back 18

Outer surface of alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible and pterygomandibular raphe

Front 19

Insertion:
Buccinator

Back 19

Angle ofmouth blending with fibers of the orbicularis oris muscle.

Front 20

Action:
Buccinator

Back 20

Draws corner of mouth laterally, compresses cheek

Front 21

Muscle sometimes paralyzed when a client has Bell's Palsy

Back 21

Buccinator

Front 22

Trigger Point:
Buccinator

Back 22

Belly of the muscle

Front 23

Referred Pain Pattern:
Buccinator

Back 23

Upper Gum

Front 24

Origin:
Temporalis

Back 24

Temporal fossa and temporal fascia

Front 25

Insertion:
Temporalis

Back 25

Coronoid process of mandible via a tendon that passes deep to the zybomatic arch (under the arch)

Front 26

Action:
Temporalis

Back 26

Elevates and retracts mandible, assists in side to side movement of mandible

Front 27

Trigger Points:
Temporalis

Back 27

Located anteriorly, medially, and posteriorly along the inferior aspect of the muscle near the tendon at the coronoid process of the mandible

Front 28

Referred Pain Pattern:
Temporalis

Back 28

Temporal region, eyebrow, upper teeth

Front 29

Synergists:
Temporalis

Back 29

Masseter

Medial Pterygoid

Front 30

Antagonist:
Temporalis

Back 30

Digastric

Front 31

Origin:
Masseter

Back 31

Zygomatic process of maxilla and medial and inferior surfaces of zygomatic arch

Front 32

Insertion:
Masseter

Back 32

Angle and ramus of the mandible

Front 33

Action:
Masseter

Back 33

Elevates mandible and slightly protracts it

Front 34

Trigger Points:
Masseter

Back 34

At the tendinour junction near the zygomatic arch and in the belly of the muscle.

Front 35

Referred Pain Pattern:
Masseter

Back 35

Upper jaw, ear, eyebrow

Front 36

Synergists:
Masseter

Back 36

Temporalis

Medial Pterygoid

Front 37

Antagonist:
Masseter

Back 37

Digastric