Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Oral Psychosexual Development (Stages)
|
Birth to 12-18 months.
Interest in oral gratification from sucking, eating, mouthing, biting. |
|
|
Anal Psychosexual Development (Stages)
|
12-18 months to 3 years
Gratification from expelling and withholding feces; coming to terms with society's controls relating to toilet training. |
|
|
Phallic Psychosexual Development (Stages)
|
3 to 5-6 years
Interest in genitals; coming to terms with Oedipal conflict, leading to identification with same-sex parent. |
|
|
Latency Psychosexual Development (Stages)
|
5-6 years to adolescence
Sexual concerns largely unimportant. |
|
|
Genital Psychosexual Development (Stages)
|
Adolescence to adulthood
Reemergence of sexual interests and establishment of mature sexual relationships. |
|
|
Trust vs. Mistrust Psychosocial Theory
|
Birth to 12-18 motns
Positive: Feelings of trust from environmental support Negative: Fear and concern regarding others |
|
|
Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt Psychosocial Theory
|
12-18 months to 3 years
Positive: Self-sufficiency if exploration is encouraged Negative: Doubts about self, lack of independence |
|
|
Initiative vs. Guilt Psychosocial Theory
|
3 to 5-6 years
Positive: discovery of ways to initiate actions Negative: Guilt from actions and thoughts |
|
|
Industry vs. Inferiority Psychosocial Theory
|
5-6 years to adolescence
Positive: Development of sense of competence Negative: Feelings of inferiority, no sense of mastery |
|
|
Identity vs. Role Diffusion Psychosocial Theory
|
Adolescence
Positive: Awareness of uniqueness of self, knowledge of role to be followed Negative: Inability to identify appropriate roles in life |
|
|
Intimacy vs. Isolation Psychosocial Theory
|
Early Adulthood
Positive: Development of loving, sexual relationships and close friendships Negative: Fear of relationships with others |
|
|
Generativity vs. Stagnation Psychosocial Theory
|
Middle Adulthood
Positive: Sense of contribution to continuity of life Negative: Trivialization of one's activities |
|
|
Ego-integrity vs. Despair Psychosocial Theory
|
Late Adulthood
Positive: Sense of unity in life's accomplishments Negative: Regret over lost opportunities of life |
|
|
Piaget's approach to cognitive development
|
all people pass in a fixed sequence through a series of universal stages of cognitive development. He suggested that not only does the quantity of information increase in each stage, but the quality of knowledge and understanding changes as well. his focus was on the change in cognition that occurs as children move from one stage to the next.
Sensorimotor stage Preoperational stage Concrete operational stage Formal operations stage |
|
|
Humanistic Perspective on Development
|
Behavior is chosen through free will and motivated by our natural capacity to strive to reach our full potential
|
|
|
Psychodynamic Perspective on Behavioral Development
|
Behavior throughout life is motivated by inner, unconscious forces, stemming from childhood, over which we have little control
Proponents: Sigmund Freud & Erik Erikson Example? |
|
|
Behavioral Perspective on Behavioral Development
|
Development can be understood through studying observable behavior and environmental stimuli
Proponents: John B. Watson, B. F. Skinner & Albert Bandura Example? |
|
|
Cognitive Perspective on Behavioral Development
|
Emphasis on how changes or growth in the ways people know, understand, and think about the world affect behavior.
Proponent: Jean Piaget Example? |
|
|
Humanistic Perspective on Behavioral Development
|
Behavior is chosen through free will and motivated by our natural capacity to strive to reach our full potential.
Proponents: Carl Rogers & Abraham Maslow Example? |
|
|
Contextual Perspective on Behavioral Development
|
Development should be viewed in terms of the interrelationship of a person's physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds.
Perspectives: Urie Bronfenbrenner & Lev Vygotsky Example? |
|
|
Evolutionary Perspective on Behavioral Development
|
Behavior is the result of genetic inheritance from our ancestors; traits and behavior that are adaptive for promoting the survival of our species have been inherited through natural selection.
Proponents: Influence by early works of Charles Darwin & Konrad Lorenz Example? |
