Fa - Pharm

Front 1

most enzymatic reactions follow a hyperbolic curve i.e. they follow:

Back 1

Michaelis-Menten kinetics

**Velocity over [Substrate]**

Front 2

enzymatic reactions that exhibit a sigmoid curve indicate ________________ kinetics

Back 2

*cooperative* kinetics

- e.g. hemoglobin curve

Front 3

MM kinetics players:

[S] =

Back 3

concentration of the Substrate

Front 4

MM kinetics players:

Km =

(formula)

Back 4

[S] at 1/2 Vmax

Front 5

Km is inversely related to:

Back 5

the affinity of the enzyme for its substrate

- the larger the Km, the less affinity an enzyme has for a substrate

Front 6

Vmax is DIRECTLY proportional to:

Back 6

[E],

the enzyme concentration

- the larger the [E], the higher the Vmax

Front 7

Lineweaver-Burk plot: increasing the y-intercept =>

Back 7

DECreasing the Vmax

Front 8

L-B plot: the further the x-intercept is to the right, the greater:

Back 8

the Km,

and the LOWER the affinity

Front 9

pharmacokinetics =

Back 9

the effects of the body on the drug

Front 10

**pharmacokinetics ~~ ADME, which stands for:**

Back 10

Absorption

Distribution

Metabolism

Excretion

Front 11

pharmacodynamics =

Back 11

effects of the drug on the body

- includes r' binding, efficacy, potency, SE's/toxicity

Front 12

bioavailability (F) =

Back 12

*fraction* of administered drug that reaches systemic circulation unchanged

Front 13

**for an IV dose, F =

(bioavailability)

Back 13

100%

- duh

Front 14

orally, F is typically <100%, due to:

(2)

Back 14

incomplete absorption,

FPE

Front 15

Volume of Distribution (Vd) =

Back 15

theoretical volume occupied by the total absorbed drug amount at the plasma concentration

Front 16

formula for Vd:

Back 16

Vd = amount of drug in the body /
plasma drug concentration

Front 17

the apparent Vd of plasma protein-bound drugs can be altered by liver and kidney dz, e.g.

Back 17

decreased protein binding => increased Vd

also, drugs may distribute in more than one compartment

Front 18

LOW Vd ~~

Back 18

plasma protein-bound drugs

- found in blood

Front 19

medium Vd ~~

Back 19

ECF

Front 20

HIGH Vd ~~

Back 20

ALL tissues, including fat

Front 21

a drug infused at a constant rate takes _____________________ to reach steady state

Back 21

**4-5 half lives**

Front 22

it takes _____ half-lives to reach ___% of the steady-state level

Back 22

3.3 half-lives to reach 90% of the steady-state level

Front 23

Clearance (Cl) =

Back 23

**volume of plasma** cleared of drug per unit time

Front 24

Clearance may be impaired with defects in:

(3)

Back 24

1. cardiac,

2. hepatic,

or

3. renal function

Front 25

in renal or hepatic dz, maintenance dose ______________ and loading dose ________________

Back 25

decreases;

loading dose is usually unchanged

Front 26

**time to steady state depends on half-life and is INDEPENDENT of:**

(2)

Back 26

dose OR dosing frequency

Front 27

Cp =

Back 27

*target* plasma conc. at steady state

Front 28

zero-order elimination means:

Back 28

rate of elimination is CONSTANT, regardless of Cp

- that is, **a constant AMOUNT of drug is eliminated per unit time**

=> Cp decreases *linearly* with time

Front 29

zero-order elimination is _____________- _____________ elimination

Back 29

capacity-limited elimination

Front 30

3 best examples of drugs that show zero-order elimination:

PEA

Back 30

Phenytoin

Ethanol

Aspirin

(all at high or toxic concentrations)

*PEA is round like a Zero*

Front 31

first-order elimination means rate of elimination is:

Back 31

proportional to the drug concentration

- i.e. **a constant FRACTION of drug is eliminated per unit time**

- that's why t1/2 is a first-order property

=> Cp decreases *exponentially* with time

Front 32

first-order elimination is ________ - _______________ elimination

Back 32

flow-dependent elimination

Front 33

what kind of mlcls are **trapped** in urine and cleared quickly?

Back 33

*ionized* mlcls

- but neutral mlcls can be reabsorbed

Front 34

weak acids are trapped in:

Back 34

basic environments

- treat acid OD with bicarb

Front 35

3 examples of weak acid drugs:

Back 35

1. Phenobarbitol

2. MTX

3. Aspirin

Front 36

weak bases (like amphetamines) are trapped in acidic environments; treat OD with:

Back 36

ammonium chloride

NH4Cl

Front 37

Phase I drug metabolism =

(3 means, 1 effect)

Back 37

1. reduction

2. oxidation

3. hydrolysis with cytochrome P450

=> slightly-polar, water-soluble metabolites which are often still active

Front 38

Phase II metabolism =

Back 38

conjugation

=>=> VERY polar, INactive metabolites, which are renally excreted

Front 39

**conjugation (i.e. Phase II) has 3 forms:**

Back 39

Glucuronidation

Acetylation

Sulfation

(GAS)

Front 40

geriatric patients lose ________ ___ first

Back 40

Phase I first;

- therefore, geriatric pts have GAS
(conjugation/Phase II)

Front 41

pts who are slow acetylators have greater SE's from certain drugs b/c of:

Back 41

rate of decrease in metabolism

Front 42

efficacy =

Back 42

max effect that a drug can produce

Front 43

high-efficacy drug classes include:

(4)

Back 43

1. analgesics

2. antibiotics

3. antiHISTamines

4. decongestants

Front 44

partial agonists have less __________ than full agonists

Back 44

efficacy

- the maximum effect that they are capable of producing is lower than that of the full agonists

Front 45

potency =

Back 45

*amount* of drug *needed* for a given effect

Front 46

increased potency ~~

Back 46

**increased affinity for the r'**

Front 47

examples of highly-potent drug classes:

(3)

Back 47

1. chemo

2. anti-HTN

3. statins

Front 48

2 effects of competitive antagonists on efficacy and potency:

Back 48

1. NO change in efficacy

2. dec. potency (shift curve right)

Front 49

both noncompetitive antagonists and irreversible antagonists shift the curve:

Back 49

DOWN

=> *DEC efficacy*

Front 50

partial agonists like Buprenorphine decrease:

Back 50

efficacy

- duh

Front 51

therapeutic index = m. of drug safety;

formula =

Back 51

TD50 / ED50

Front 52

TD50 =

ED50 =

Back 52

median toxic dose

median effective dose

Front 53

therapeutic window = m. of:

Back 53

clinical drug's effectiveness for a pt

- define better check

Front 54

safer drugs have higher:

Back 54

T. index values

Front 55

4 examples of HIGH (bad) T Index drugs:

Back 55

1. Digoxin

2. Li2+

3. Theophylline

4. warfarin

Front 56

which 2 components of the sympathetic NS are innervated by the parasympathetic NS?

Back 56

1. adrenal medulla

2. sweat glands

Front 57

botulinum toxin prevents release of NT at:

Back 57

ALL cholinergic terminals

Front 58

Nicotinic r's are ligand-gated ________ channels

Back 58

Na+/K+

Front 59

2 types of Nicotinic chans, and their locations:

Back 59

1. Nn
(autonomic ganglia)

2. Nm
(NMJ's)

Front 60

3 features of Muscarinic ACH r's:

Back 60

1. G-prot-coupled r's

2. act through 2nd messengers

3. five subtypes

Front 61

4 kinds of sympathetic r's and their G-prot. class:

Back 61

a1 (q class)

a2 (i class)

B1 (s)

B2 (s)

QISS class

Front 62

3 functions of a1 r's:

Back 62

1. vasoconstriction

2. contract pupillary dilator muscle
=> dilation [mydriasis]

3. contraction of intestinal and bladder sphincter muscles

Front 63

4 functions of a2 r's:

Back 63

1. dec. sympathetic outflow

2. dec. insulin release

3. dec. lipolysis

4. inc. plat. agg.

Front 64

4 functions of B1 r's:

Back 64

1. inc. HR

2. inc. contractility

3. inc. renin release

4. inc. lipolysis

Front 65

9 functions of B2 r's:

Back 65

1. vasodilation

2. bronchodilation
(that's why you use B2 agonists to tx asthma)

3. inc. HR

4. inc. contractility

5. inc. lipolysis

6. inc. insulin release

7. dec. uterine tone

8. relax ciliary muscles (=> dilation/mydriasis)

9. inc. aqueous humor production

Front 66

G-prot. class of M1, M2, and M3 r's, respectively:

Back 66

M1 = q class

M2 = i class

M3 = q class

Front 67

M1 r's are found in:

(2)

Back 67

1. CNS,

2. enteric NS

Front 68

2 functions of M2:

Back 68

1. dec. AV node conduction => dec. HR

2. dec. contractility of *atria*

Front 69

2 functions of M3:

Back 69

1. inc. exocrine gland secretion
(lacrimal, salivary, gastric acid)

2. inc. gut peristalsis

3. inc. bladder contraction

4. bronchoconstriction

5. inc. pupillary sphincter muscle contraction
(=> miosis)

6. ciliary muscle contraction
(=> accomodation)

Front 70

G-prot. class of D1 and D2 r's, respectively:

Back 70

D1 = s

D2 = i

Front 71

function of D1:

Back 71

relaxes renal vascular SM

Front 72

function of D2 r's:

Back 72

modulate transmitter release, esp. in brain

Front 73

G-prot. class of Histamine 1 and H2 r's:

Back 73

H1 = q

H2 = s

Front 74

5 functions of H1 r's:

Back 74

1. inc. nasal and bronchial mucus production

2. inc. vascular permeability

3. bronchoconstriction (via mast cells)

4. pruritus

5. pain

Front 75

1 function of H2 r's =

Back 75

inc. gastric secretion

Front 76

G-prot. class of Vasopressin1 and V2 r's:

Back 76

V1 = q

V2 = s

Front 77

functions of V1 r's:

(2)

Back 77

general vasoconstriction,

release of PG's
=> renal vasodilation

Front 78

function of V2 r's =

Back 78

inc. H2O permeability and reabsorption in the collecting tubules of the kidney

(via ADH)

Front 79

release of NOR from a sympathetic nerve ending is modulated by:

(3)

Back 79

1. NOR itself
(acting on presynaptic a2-r's)

2. A2

3. other substances

Front 80

MG used to be diagnosed with Edrophonium; now it's diagnosed with:

Back 80

anti-ACH r' AB test

Front 81

with ALL cholinergic agents, watch for exacerbation of:

(3)

Back 81

1. COPD

2. asthma

3. peptic ulcers

Front 82

what enzyme makes ACH?

Back 82

choline acetyltransferase

Front 83

cholinesterase poisoning often occurs via:

Back 83

organophosphates/pesticides

which **IRREVERSIBLY** inhibit ACHE

Front 84

symps of irreversible ACHE inhibition =

DUMBBELSS

Back 84

1. diarrhea

2. urination

3. miosis
(excessive constriction)

4. Bronchospasm

5. Bradycardia

6. Excitation (of skel. muscle, CNS)

7. Lacrimation

8. Sweating

9. Salivation

Front 85

antidote to organophosphates =

Back 85

Atropine (competitive inhibitor of oP's ) + Pralidoxime (regenerates ACHE if given early)

Front 86

Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist used for:

(2)

Back 86

1. bradycardia

2. ophthalmic applications

Front 87

Atropine in the eye:

(2)

Back 87

1. mydriasis
(dilation of pupil)

2. cycloplegia
(paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye)

Front 88

Atropine in the airway:

Back 88

decreases secretions

Front 89

Atropine in the stomach:

Back 89

decreases acid secretions

Front 90

Atropine in the gut:

Back 90

decreased motility

Front 91

Atropine in the bladder:

Back 91

**dec. urgency** in cystitis

Front 92

Atropine stops DUMBBELSS, except for:

Back 92

***E, Excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, which is mediated by Nicotinic r's***

Front 93

7 SE's of Atropine:

Back 93

1. hot as a hare
(due to decreased sweating; HR increases too)

2. tachycardia

3. red as a beet

4. dry as a bone
(skin, mouth)

5. blind as a bat
(mydriasis)

6. can't pop a squat
(constipation, urinary retention)

7. mad as a hatter
disorientation

Front 94

Atropine can also cause:

(3)

Back 94

1. acute/closed-angle glaucoma in the elderly, due to mydriasis

2. urinary retention in men with BPH

3. hyperthermia in infants

Front 95

Jimson wee (datura) => gardener's pupil, which is:

Back 95

mydriasis due to plant alkaloids

Front 96

NEVER give _______________ if cocaine intoxication is suspected;

Back 96

B-blockers

- can lead to unopposed a1 activation and extreme HTN

Front 97

NOR vs. Isoproterenol

NOR causes increase in systolic and diastolic BP's as a result of a1-mediated vasoconstriction, =>

Back 97

inc. MAP => bradycardia

- Isoproterenol, however, has little alpha effect but causes *B2-*mediated vasodilation, resulting in DEC. MAP, and INC. HR through B1 and reflex activity

Front 98

SE's of B-blockers:

(5)

Back 98

1. impotence

2. adverse CV effects
(brady, AV block, CHF)

3. adverse CNS effects
(sez's, sedation, sleep alterations)

4. dyslipidemia
(Metoprolol only)

5. exacerbations in asthma/COPD

Front 99

never give B-blockers to:

Back 99

cocaine users,

due to risk of unopposed alpha-adrenergic r' agonist activity

Front 100

in diabetics, benefits of B-blockers:

Back 100

outweigh the potential risk of masking hypoglycemia;

USE in diabetics

Front 101

B1-selective properties B-blockers:

(5)

A BEAM

Back 101

1. Acebutolol

2. Betaxolol

3. Esmolol

4. Atenolol

5. Metoprolol

Front 102

which 2 B-blockers are partial agonists?

(activate B1 and B2)

Back 102

1. Acebutolol
(B1>B2)

2. Pindolol
(B1=B2)

Front 103

3 nonselective B-blockers

(i.e. B1 = B2):

Try Nonselective Pills

Back 103

1. Timolol

2. Nadolol

3. Propranolol

Front 104

2 non-selective ALPHA and B-antagonists:

Back 104

1. Carvedilol

2. Labetalol

Front 105

what does Nebivolol do?

Back 105

combines cardiac-selective B1-blocking with

stimulation of B3 r's,

which activate NO synthase in the vasculature

Front 106

what is the antidote for Acetaminophen?

Back 106

N-acetylcysteine

(replenishes glutathione)

Front 107

what is the antidote for ACHE inhibitors and organophosphates?

(2)

Back 107

Atropine followed by Pra-li-doxime (which DOES undo E of skel. musc. and CNS, unlike Atropine)

Front 108

what is the antidote for basic amphetamines?

Back 108

NH4Cl

(which acidifies urine, thereby trapping the basic amphetamines and excreting them)

Front 109

what is the antidote for anti-muscarinic and anticholinergic agents?

(2)

Back 109

Physostigmine (ACHE inhibitor = pro-ACH),

control hyperthermia

Front 110

what is the antidote for Benzo's?

Back 110

Flumazenil

Front 111

what is the antidote for B-blockers?

Back 111

Glucagon

Front 112

what is the antidote for Carbon Monoxide?

(2)

Back 112

100% O2,

hyperbaric O2

(^at a pressure greater than nl)

Front 113

what is the antidote for copper/arsenic/gold?

Back 113

Penicillamine

Front 114

what is the antidote for cyanide?

(3)

Back 114

Nitrite,

Thiosulfate,

hydroxo-cobalamin

Front 115

what is the antidote for Digitalis?

Back 115

anti-digoxin Fab AB's

Front 116

what is the antidote for Heparin?

Back 116

Protamine

(reverses heparin effects)

Front 117

what is the antidote for Iron?

(2)

Back 117

DeFEroxamine, deFErasirox

Front 118

what is the antidote for Lead?

(4)

Back 118

1. EDTA

2. Dimercaprol

3. Succimer

4. Penicillamine

Front 119

what is the antidote for Mercury?

(2)

Back 119

Dimercaprol (BAL),
Succimer

(Penicillamine for Lead, Arsenic, Copper, Gold)
- you would not use Penicillamine for Mercury;

(Dimercaprol for Lead, Arsenic, Gold, Mercury)
- you would not use Dimercaprol for Copper

Front 120

what is the antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze)?

(first-line, second-line)

Back 120

Fomepizole

- second choice = ethanol, dialysis

Front 121

what is the antidote for Methemoglobin?

(2)

Back 121

Methylene blue,

Vit. C

Front 122

what is the antidote for opioids?

Back 122

Naloxone

Front 123

what is the antidote for Salicylates?

(2)

Back 123

HCO3 (bicarb - aspirin is an acid),

dialysis

Front 124

what is the antidote for TCA's?

Back 124

NaHCO3
(alkalizes plasma, adds Na+ for heart)

Front 125

Aminocaproic acid is the antidote for:

(3)

Back 125

1. tPA

2. streptokinase

or

3. urokinase

Front 126

what is the antidote for Warfarin/Coumadin?

(2)

Back 126

FFP if active bleeding/need immediate;

Vit. K (slower)

Front 127

coronary vasospasm occurs with:

(3)

Back 127

1. cocaine

2. Sumatriptan

3. ergot alkaloids

Front 128

drugs that cause cutaneous flushing:

Back 128

VANC



1. Vancomycin

2. Adenosine

3. Niacin
(B3)

4. Ca2+-blockers

Front 129

drugs that cause DCM:

Back 129

"-rubicins"

Front 130

Some Risky Meds Can Prolong QT

Back 130

Sotalol

Reserpine
(anti-HTN)

Macrolides

Chloroquine
(a quinidine anti-malarial)

Protease inhibitors

Quinidine

Thiazides

Front 131

hot flashes:

(2)

Back 131

1. Tamoxifen

2. Clomiphene
(hypothal. EST r' antagonist that stimulates ovulation)

Front 132

HYPERglycemia:

Back 132

Taking Pills Necessitates Having Blood Checked




1. Tacrolimus
(immuno-suppressant folowing transplant)

2. Protease inhibitors
(-navirs)

3. Niacin
(B3)

4. HCTZ

5. B-blockers

6. Corticosteroids

Front 133

hypothyroidism:

(3)

Back 133

1. Li2+

2. Amiodarone

3. Sulfonamides
(antib's)

Front 134

as a prokinetic, what does Erythromycin cause?

(2)

Back 134

acute cholestatic hepatitis and jaundice

Front 135

diarrhea:

Back 135

Might Excite Colon On Accident


1. Metformin

2. Erythromycin

3. Colchicine
(relieves pain in gout)

4. Orlistat
(lipase inhibitor)

5. Acarbose

Front 136

focal-to-massive hepatic necrosis:

Back 136

liver HAVAc



1. Halothane
(volatile anesthetic)

2. Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom)

3. Valproic acid

4. Acetaminophen

Front 137

TB drug that causes hepatitis:

Back 137

INH

(Injures Neurons and Hepatocytes)

Front 138

pancreatitis:

Back 138

Drugs Causing A Violent Abd. Distress




1. Didanosine
(ddI)

2. Corticosteroids

3. Alcohol

4. Valproic acid

5. Azathioprine
(imm-suppressant for transplants)

6. Diuretics (Furosemide, HCTZ)

Front 139

Pseudomembranous colitis:

(3)

Back 139

1. Clindamycin

2. Ampicillin

3. Cephalosporins

(antibiotics predispose to superinfection with R C. diff)

Front 140

agranulocytosis (killing granulocytes):

Back 140

Drugs CCCrush Myeloblasts and Promyelocytes


1. Dapsone
(leprosy)

2. Clozapine

3. CBZ

4. Colchicine

5. Methimazole

6. PTU

Front 141

aplastic anemia:

Back 141

Can't Make New Blood Cells Properly



1. CBZ

2. Methimazole

3. NSAIDs

4. Benzene

5. Chloramphenicol

6. PTU

Front 142

Direct Coombs-positive HmA:

(2)

Back 142

1. Methyldopa

2. Penicillin

Front 143

drug that can cause gray Baby Syndrome:

Back 143

chloramphenicol

Front 144

**hemolysis in G6PD**:

Back 144

D PAINS


1. Dapsone
(leprosy antib')

2. Primaquine
(for malaria)

3. Aspirin and NSAIDs

4. INH

5. Nitrofurantoin
(UTI antib')

6. Sulfonamides

Front 145

megaloblastic anemia:

(3)

Back 145

1. Phenytoin

2. MTX

3. Sulfa drugs

Front 146

thrombocytopenia:

(2)

Back 146

1. Heparin

2. Cimetidine
(H2-blocker for PUD)

Front 147

class of hematologic drugs that can cause thrombotic complications:

Back 147

OCP's

Front 148

cinchonism:
(temporary deafness, ringing in ears, HA, rash)

(2)

Back 148

1. Quinidine

2. Quinine

Front 149

Parkinson-like syndrome:

Back 149

*ARM*


1. high-potency typical Antipsychotics

2. Reserpine
(treats HTN by preventing DOPA leaving (VMAT))

3. Metoclopramide (via D2 block)
(antiemetic, pro-gastrokinetic)

Front 150

sez's:

Back 150

I BITE 'M


1. INH

2. Bupropion

3. Imipenem/cilastatin

4. Tramadol
(centrally-acting opioid)

5. Enflurane
(volatile liquid anesthetic)

6. Metoclopramide

Front 151

tardive dyskinesia:

(2)

Back 151

1. typical antipsychotics (high-potency)

2. Metoclopramide
(anti-emetic, pro-gastrokinetic)

Front 152

diabetes insipidus:

(2)

Back 152

1. Li2+

2. Demeclocycline
(tetracycline antib')

Front 153

Fanconi syndrome:

(1)

Back 153

expired tetracycline

Front 154

hemorrhagic cystitis:

(2)

Back 154

1. Cyclophosphamide
(treats leukemia and lymphoma)

2. Ifosfamide
(alkylating agent for CA)

- prevent by co-administering with mesna

Front 155

interstitial nephritis:

(3)

Back 155

1. PCN's

2. NSAID's

3. Furosemide

Front 156

SIADH:

(3)

Back 156

1. CBZ

2. Cyclophosphamide

3. SSRI's

Front 157

fat redistribution/central obesity/peripheral wasting:

Back 157

fat PiG


1. Protease inhibitors

2. Glucocorticoids

Front 158

gingival hyperplasia:

Back 158

PVC-N



1. Phenytoin

2. Verapamil
(Ca2+ antagonist)

3. Cyclosporine
(immunosuppressive)

4. Nifedipine
(Ca2+ antagonist)

Front 159

hyperuricemia (gout):

Back 159

Painful, Tophi, and Feet Need Care



1. Pyrazinamide

2. Thiazide diuretics

3. Furosemide

4. Niacin
(B3)

5. Cyclosporine

Front 160

myopathy:

(8)

Back 160

1. fibrates
(treat hyperTG)

2. Niacin

3. Colchicine
(for pain in gout)

4. Hydroxychloroquine
(anti-inflammatory)

5. INF-a

6. Penicillamine
(chelator)

7. statins

8. glucocorticoids

Front 161

osteoporosis:

(2)

Back 161

1. corticosteroids

2. heparin

Front 162

photosensitivity:

Back 162

only *SAT Q* mins in the sun


1. Sulfonamides

2. Amiodarone

3. Tetracyclines

4. Q's

Front 163

global rash (SJS):

Back 163

AASP


1. AED's (Ethosuximide, CBZ, Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital)

2. Allopurinol

3. Sulfa drugs

4. Penicillin

Front 164

5 causes of DILE:

Back 164

1. Hydralazine

2. Procainamide

3. INH


(not as bad)
4. Minocycline
5. Quinidine

Front 165

teeth discoloration:

(1)

Back 165

tetracyclines

Front 166

tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage:

(1 class)

Back 166

FQ's

Front 167

dry cough:

(1 class)

Back 167

ACEI's

Front 168

pulmonary fibrosis:

BAM-B had pulm. fibrosis

Back 168

1. Bleomycin
(antib', Hodgkins)

2. Amiodarone

3. MTX

4. Busulfan
(anti-neoplastic)

Front 169

4 with antimuscarinic effect:

Back 169

1. Atropine

2. TCA's

3. H1-blockers

4. low-potency antipsychotics (C, T)

Front 170

Disulfiram-like rxn to alcohol:

(intense nausea, flushing, as if on Disulfiram as an alcoholic)

(5)

Back 170

1. Metronidazole

2. certain cephalosporins

3. Griseofulvin

4. Procarbazine
(anti-neoplastic)

5. 1st-gen sulfonylureas

Front 171

nephrotoxicity AND ototoxicity:

Back 171

VALC

1. Vancomycin

2. Aminoglycosides

3. loop diuretics

4. Cisplatin
(chemo)

Front 172

8 inducers of cytochrome P-450:

Back 172

1. chronic alcohol use

2. Modafinil

3. Phenytoin

4. Phenobarbital

5. Nevirapine

6. Rifampin

7. Griseofulvin

8. CBZ

Front 173

8 substrates of cytochrome P-450:

Always, Always, Always, Always Think When Starting Others

Back 173

1. AED's

2. antidepressants

3. antipsychotics

4. anesthetics

5. Theophylline

6. Warfarin

7. Statins

8. OCP's

Front 174

12 inhibitors of P-450:

A cute Gentleman Cipped Iced Grapefruit juice Quickly And Kept Munching on Soft Cinnamon Rolls

Back 174

1. acute alcohol use

2. Gemfibrozil

3. Ciprofloxacin

4. Isoniazid

5. grapefruit juice

6. Quinidine

7. Amiodarone

8. Ketoconazole

9. Macrolides

10. Sulfonamides

11. Cimetidine

12. Ritonavir

Front 175

8 Sulfa drugs:

Back 175

Popular FACTSSS


1. Probenecid
(excretion of uric acid)

2. Furosemide

3. Acetazolamide
(carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)

4. Celecoxib
(cox-2 inhibitor)

5. Thiazides

6. Sulfonamide antibiotics

7. Sulfasalazine

8. Sulfonylureas
(anti-diabetic)

Front 176

pts with sulfa allergies may develop:

(7 symps)

Back 176

1. fever

2. UTI

3. SJS

4. HmA

5. thrombocytopenia

6. agranulocytosis

7. urticaria (hives)

- symps range from mild to life-threatening