Fa - Micro Part 5

Front 1

COLD agglutinations ~~

(3)

Back 1

Mycoplasma pneumonia, EBV, and Hep C

Front 2

S. epidermis = m.c. cause of:

(2)

Back 2

1. endocarditis in pts with prosthetic valve

2. septic arthritis in prosthetic joints

Front 3

transformation =

Back 3

direct uptake of DNA

Front 4

conjugation =

Back 4

one-way transfer via F factor/sex pilus

Front 5

transduction =

Back 5

transfer of DNA via phage

Front 6

Mucromycoses tend to affect:

Back 6

DM/DKA

=> black necrotic eschar in nasal cavity

Front 7

3 m.c. secondary pneumonias following viral pneumonia:

Back 7

1. S. pneumonia

2. S. aureus

3. H. influ

Front 8

ParvoB19 causes aplastic anemia b/c it:

Back 8

INFECTS BM

Front 9

cruises or hotels, think:

Back 9

Legionella

Front 10

disease that occur following inf:

Back 10

1. PSGN
(GAS)

2. IgA nephritis

3. rheumatic fever
(GAS)

4. endocarditis

5. reactive arthritis

6. myocarditis
(coxsackie)

GB
(Campylobacter)

myocarditis
(diphtheria)

valve defects following dental procedure
(Viridans strep)

Front 11

polyomavirus family includes:

Back 11

JC virus,
(PML in HIV)

BK virus
(kidney transplants)

Front 12

members of the Herpesvirus family:

Back 12

HSV1 and 2

VZV,

EBV

CMV

HHV's

Front 13

members of the Reovirus family:

(2)

Back 13

1. rotavirus

2. coltivirus

Front 14

3 members of the Togavirus family:

Back 14

1. rubella

2. eastern equine

3. western equine

Front 15

members of the Paramyxovirus family:

Back 15

RSV

parainfluenza

measles

mumps

Front 16

"kidney-bean shaped GN cocci" =

Back 16

***DIPLOCOCCI***

Front 17

Toxoplasma comes from:

Back 17

cat feces

Front 18

neonatal HSV infections are the result of:

Back 18

INTRA-PARTUM transfer

Front 19

**not only can N. meningitidis cause meningitis and shock, but it can also cause:

Back 19

small-vessel vasculitis

=> petechial rashes, ESPECIALLY on palms and soles

Front 20

Bacteroides is a:

Back 20

GN, enteric rod

- chronic, non-healing ulcers ~~ anaerobic environment

Front 21

Macrolides are used for:

Back 21

atypical pneumonias, Moraxella, and H. influ

Front 22

there 2 classes of drugs do not have great anaerobic coverage:

Back 22

FQ's,

cephalosporins

Front 23

erythema migrans =

Back 23

migrating outward, with central clearing from bite site

- seen in Lyme dz/Borrelia burg. inf following Ixodes burrow

Front 24

Mucicarmine stain detects:

Back 24

Cryptococcus neoformans

- its polysaccharide capsule is RED on mucicarmine stain, clear on India ink

Front 25

Cryptococcus neoformans is the only pathological fungus that has:

Back 25

a polysaccharide cap

Front 26

most of the morbidity and mortality associated with N. meningitidis is the result of:

Back 26

it's LOS (LPS equivalent)

(NOT it's capsule)

Front 27

Pseudomonas bacteremia/septicemia =>

Back 27

cutaneous necrotic disease (gangrenosum)

Front 28

Pseudomonas associations:

(4)

Back 28

1. neutropenic pts

2. hospitalized pts

3. pts with burns

4. chronic indwelling cather

Front 29

remember that paramyxoviruses are:

Back 29

RNA viruses

(RSV, parainfluenza, measles, mumps)

- don't confuse with Polyoma (DNA)

Front 30

measles capsid contains:

Back 30

hemagglutinin

Front 31

Pseudomonas ARE:

Back 31

motile

Front 32

HIV pt with eye problem, think:

Back 32

CMV retinitis

=> Ganciclovir

Front 33

CMV m.cly infects HIV pts when:

Back 33

CD4+ <50

Front 34

upon glycolysis, Shigella produces:

Back 34

acid,

NOT gas

Front 35

Salmonella on TSI agar:

Back 35

produces BLACK H2S

Front 36

use of broad-spec antibiotics kills off nl flora and leaves the door open for:

Back 36

Candida infs

- same for contraceptives, systemic imm0suppression

Front 37

Shigella on TSI agar:

Back 37

does NOT produce H2S

Front 38

Shigella's essential/most important pathogenic mechanism =

Back 38

mucosal invasion

- enters M cells in Peyer's patches

- diarrhea is a result of inflammatory rxn to invasion, not toxin

Front 39

S. aureus can often seed the liver via:

Back 39

hematogenous spread

Front 40

"cottage-cheese" vaginal DC ~~

Back 40

Candida

Front 41

first-line tx for vaginal Candida inf =

Back 41

Fluconazole

Front 42

wrt to Trichomonas inf (green, frothy DC), you must treat:

Back 42

the partner

Front 43

both Trichomonas and vaginosis show:

Back 43

pH > 4.5

Front 44

3 features of Bacillus anthracis:

Back 44

1. possesses a capsule, made of D-glutamate instead of polysaccharide

2. serpentine or medusa head chains on microscopy

3. inhalation of spores causes widened mediastinum

Front 45

Proteus is highly mobile - has:

Back 45

peritrichous flagella uniformly distributed over its surface

Front 46

ABPA =

Back 46

allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosus may complicate asthma

=> transient, recurrent pulmonary infiltrates

=> eventually, proximal bronchi-X

(- will see eosinophils b/c of asthma)

Front 47

**halos in TB tx =

Back 47

Ethambutol

Front 48

Toxoplasma ~~

Back 48

MULTIPLE ring-enhancing lesions

Front 49

which vaccine contains capsular polysaccharide conjugated with diphtheria toxin?

Back 49

H. influ type B

Front 50

VZV histo =

(2)

Back 50

1. keratinocytes

2. **multinucleated giant cells**
(like the HSV's)

- use Tzanck here too

Front 51

VZV - burning pain:

Back 51

PRECEDES rash

Front 52

rods can live in:

Back 52

clusters too

- doesn't necessarily imply staph

Front 53

C. diphtheria stains:

Back 53

positive with aniline dyes, like methylene blue

Front 54

S. aureus colonizes:

Back 54

the NASAL tract, which starts at the nares

- does NOT colonize oropharynx

Front 55

presentation of child with HSV-1:

(3)

Back 55

1. gingivostomatitis,

2. fever

3. LAD

Front 56

condoms will prevent the primary inf. of HSV-2, but to prevent re-infection, you need:

Back 56

a DAILY oral cyclovir

Front 57

in Hep B inf, liver is damaged by:

Back 57

CD8+ response against infected hepatocytes

Front 58

GAS =>

Back 58

1. rheumatic fever

2. PSGN

Front 59

"pyogenic cocci" =

Back 59

Staph aureus and GAS

(Endocarditis and rheumatic fever, respectively

Front 60

***rheumatic fever due to strep only occurs following:

Back 60

GAS PHARYNGITIS,

NOT impetigo

(although both can lead to PSGN)

Front 61

when you see "cave," think:

Back 61

Histoplasma

OR

rabies virus

Front 62

Parvo B19 infects:

Back 62

erythrocyte precursors at the BM

Front 63

Legionella class:

Back 63

GN rod

Front 64

anti-hemagglutinin AB ~~

Back 64

influenza virus

Front 65

host defense against Candida =

Back 65

T-cells for superficial inf,

N's to prevent hematogenous spread

Front 66

"lancet-shaped cocci in pairs" ~~

Back 66

Strep pneumonia

- bile-soluble - will NOT grow in bile

Front 67

C. diff =>

Back 67

white-yellow plaques in colon

Front 68

Intracellular microbes:

(12)

Back 68

1. Chlamydia

2. Rickesttsia

3. Listeria

4. Legionella

5. N. meningitidis

6. Nocardia

7. Salmonella

8. Cryptococcus neoformans

9. Histoplasma capsulatum

10. PCP

11. Plasmodium

12. Toxoplasma

Front 69

***there's a difference b/w cell WALL and cell MEMBRANE -

Back 69

Caspofungins prevent synthesis of cell WALL,

while -azoles prevent synth of MEMB, and polystatins DESTROY it

Front 70

"linear ulceration" ~~

Back 70

CMV

Front 71

both LT and ST of ETEC =>

Back 71

watery diarrhea

(whereas Shiga-like of EHEC => bloody)

Front 72

LPS of E. coli causes:

Back 72

septic shock in bacteremia, as mP's are activated

Front 73

2 stains and a culture for Cryptococcus:

Back 73

methinamine, mucicarmine;

Sabourad's agar

- Fluconazole for lifelong prophylaxis

Front 74

5 m.c. causes of acute cystitis:

Back 74

1. E. coli

2. S. saprophyticus in sexually active

3. klebsiella

4. Proteus mirabilis
(ammonia scent)

5. Adenovirus
(hemorrhagic cystitis)

Front 75

Vibrio spp., like Pseudomonas, are:

Back 75

oxidase+