Fa Classic Labs/findings

Front 1

1. Anticentromere antibodies

Back 1

Scleroderma (CREST)

Front 2

2. Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies

Back 2

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

Front 3

3. Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

Back 3

Goodpasture's syndrome (glomerulonephritis and lung hemorrhage)

Front 4

4. Antihistone antibodies

Back 4

Drug-induced lupus

Front 5

5. Anti-IgG antibodies

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Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)

Front 6

6. Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs)

Back 6

Primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)

Front 7

7. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)

Back 7

Vasculitis (Wegener's (c-ANCA), microscopic polyangiitis (p-ANCA), glomerulonephritis

Front 8

8. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs; anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA)

Back 8

SLE (type III hypersensitivity)

Front 9

9. Antiplatelet antibodies

Back 9

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) (bleeding diathesis)

Front 10

10. Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

Back 10

Diffuse systemic scleroderma

Front 11

11. Anti-transgluatminase/antigliadin antibodies

Back 11

Celiac disease (diarrhea, distention, weight loss)

Front 12

12. Azurophilic granular needles in leukemic blasts

Back 12

Auer rods (acute myelogenous leukemia; especially the promyelocytic type)

Front 13

13. "Bamboo spine" on xray

Back 13

Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis : HLA-B27)

Front 14

14. Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

Back 14

Howell-Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)

Front 15

15. Basophilic stippling of RBCs

Back 15

Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

Front 16

16. Bloody tap on LP

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Front 17

17. "Boot-shaped" heart on x-ray

Back 17

Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH

Front 18

18. Branching gram-positive rods w/sulfur granules

Back 18

Actinomyces israelii

Front 19

19. Bronchogenic apical lung tumor

Back 19

Pancoast's tumor (can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause Horner's syndrome)

Front 20

20. "Brown" tumor of bone

Back 20

Hemorrhage (hemosiderin) causes brown color of osteolytic cysts. Due to:
1. Hyperparathyroidism
2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease of bone)

Front 21

21. Cardiomegaly w/apical atrophy

Back 21

Chagas' disease (trypanosoma cruzi)

Front 22

22. Cellular crescents in Bowman's capsule

Back 22

RPGN

Front 23

23. Chocolate cyst of ovary

Back 23

Endometriosis (freq involves both ovaries)

Front 24

24. Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

Back 24

Homer Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

Front 25

25. Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

Back 25

Cystic fibrosis (CFTR mutation in Caucasians resulting in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)

Front 26

26. Degeneration of dorsal column nerves

Back 26

Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis)

Front 27

27. Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

Back 27

Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

Front 28

28. Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

Back 28

Curschmann's spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)

Front 29

29. Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

Back 29

Call-Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary)

Front 30

30. Dysplastic squamous cervical cells w/nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia

Back 30

Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)

Front 31

31. Enlarged cells w/intranuclear inclusion bodies

Back 31

"Owl's-eye" appearance of CMV

Front 32

32. Enlarged thyroid cells w/ground glass nuclei

Back 32

"Orphan Annie" eye nuclear (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid)

Front 33

33. Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cells

Back 33

Mallory bodies (alcoholic liver disease)

Front 34

34. Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

Back 34

Lewy body (parkinson's disease)

Front 35

35. Eosinophilic globule in liver

Back 35

Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever)

Front 36

36. Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells

Back 36

Rabies virus, a Lyssavirus (Negri bodies)

Front 37

37. Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain

Back 37

Senile plaques (Alzheimer's disease)

Front 38

38. Giant B cells w/bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl's eye")

Back 38

Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin's lymphoma)

Front 39

39. Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells

Back 39

Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)

Front 40

40. "hair-on-end" crew cut appearance on x-ray

Back 40

β-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (extremedullary hematopoiesis)

Front 41

41. hCG elevated

Back 41

Choriocarcinoma, hydatidaform mole (occurs w/and w/o embryo)

Front 42

42. Heart nodules (inflammatory)

Back 42

Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)

Front 43

43. Heterophile antibodies

Back 43

Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

Front 44

44. Hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions

Back 44

Bronchial asthma (Charcot-Leyden crystals: eosinophilic granules)

Front 45

45. High levels of D-dimers

Back 45

DVT, pulmonary embolism, DIC

Front 46

46. Honeycomb lung on xray

Back 46

Interstitial fibrosis

Front 47

47. Hypersegmented neutrophils

Back 47

Megaloblastic anemia (B12, folate deficiency)

Front 48

48. Hypochromic, microcytic anemia

Back 48

Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (HbF sometimes present)

Front 49

49. Increased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

Back 49

Anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

Front 50

50. Increased uric acid levels

Back 50

Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thiazide diuretics

Front 51

51. Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies

Back 51

Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or yellow fever)

Front 52

52. Iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum

Back 52

Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: increased chance of mesothelioma)

Front 53

53. Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunocompromised

Back 53

Chediak-Higashi disease (failure of phagolysosome formation, also think of albinism)

Front 54

54. Low serum ceruloplasmin

Back 54

Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration)

Front 55

55. "Lumpy-bumpy" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence

Back 55

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (type III hypersensitivity)

Front 56

56. Lytic (hole punched) bone lesions on xray

Back 56

Multiple myeloma

Front 57

57. Mammary gland (blue domed) cyst

Back 57

Fibrocystic change of the breast

Front 58

58. Monoclonal antibody spike

Back 58

1. Multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA)
2. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)
3. Waldenstrom's (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia

Front 59

59. Monoclonal globulin protein in blood/urine

Back 59

Bence Jones proteins (multiple myeloma [kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine]), Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM)

Front 60

60. Mucin-filled cells w/peripheral nucleus

Back 60

Signet ring (gastric carcinoma)

Front 61

61. Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium radiograph

Back 61

"String sign" (Crohns disease)

Front 62

62. Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals

Back 62

Gout (hyperuricemia)

Front 63

63. Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

Back 63

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)

Front 64

64. Nutmeg appearance of liver

Back 64

Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure

Front 65

65. Onion skin periosteal reaction

Back 65

Ewing's sarcoma (malignant round-cell tumor)

(11;22)(q24;q12) EWS-FLI1 translocation

Patrick Ewing's jersey number was 11 + 22 = 33)

Front 66

66. Podocyte fusion on EM

Back 66

Minimal change disease (child w/nephrotic syndrome)

Front 67

67. Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area

Back 67

Codman's triangle on x-ray (osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis)

Front 68

68. Polished "ivory-like" appearance of bone at cartilage erosion

Back 68

Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)

Front 69

69. Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of protein tau

Back 69

Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer's disease and CJD)

Front 70

70. Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement

Back 70

Glioblastoma multiforme

Front 71

71. RBC casts in urine

Back 71

Acute glomerulonephritis

Front 72

72. Rectangular, crystal like inclusions in Leydig cells

Back 72

Reinke crystalloids (Leydig cell tumor)

Front 73

73. Renal epithelial casts in urine

Back 73

Acute toxic/viral nephrosis

Front 74

74. Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent

Back 74

Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate)

Front 75

75. Rib notching

Back 75

Coarctation of aorta

Front 76

76. Sheets of medium-sized lymphoid cells ("starry sky" appearance on histology)

Back 76

Burkitt's lymphoma (t[8:14] c-myc activation, associated w/EBV)

Front 77

77. Silver-staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons

Back 77

Pick bodies (Pick's disease: progressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer's)

Front 78

78. Small granulomatous lesions in lungs (can calcify)

Back 78

Ghon focus (Primary tuberculosis)

Front 79

79. Small, round RBC inclusions

Back 79

Heinz bodies (G6PD deficiency, α-thalassemia, chronic liver disease)

Front 80

80. Soap bubble on xray

Back 80

Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign)

Front 81

81. "Spikes" on basement membrane, "dome-like" endothelial deposits

Back 81

Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)

Front 82

82. Stacks of red blood cells

Back 82

Rouleaux formation (high ESR: multiple myeloma)

Front 83

83. Stippled vaginal epithelial cells

Back 83

"Clue cells" (Gardnerella vaginalis)

Front 84

84. Tennis-racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells

Back 84

Birbeck granules (histiocytosis X: eosiniphilic granuloma)

Front 85

85. Thrombi made of white/red layers

Back 85

Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs)

Front 86

86. "Thumb-sign" on lateral x-ray

Back 86

Epiglottitis (Hemophilus influenzae)

Front 87

87. Thyroid like appearance of kidney

Back 87

Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis

Front 88

88. "Tram-track" appearance on LM

Back 88

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Front 89

89. Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles

Back 89

Fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)

Front 90

90. WBCs that look "smudged"

Back 90

CLL (almost always B cell; affects the elderly)

Front 91

91. Wire-loop glomerular appearance on LM

Back 91

Lupus nephropathy

Front 92

92. Yellow CSF

Back 92

Xanthochromia (subarachnoid hemorrhage)