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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the main component of opium? |
Morphine |
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What is morphine? |
An alkaloid natural product |
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What are alkaloids? |
Nitrogen containing natural products |
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How are opiates made? |
Using petrol in acid base extraction |
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What is heroin made from? What is it's systematic name? |
Morphine, treated with an acetic anhydride Diacetyl morphine |
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What is a prodrug? What are example of prodrugs? |
Ones that can cross the blood-brain barrier quickly E.g. Heroin |
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What do opioid antagonists do? |
Reversibly block the effects of morphine
Can be used to treat overdose as well as addiction |
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What are clinical uses of ergot alkaloids? |
Smooth muscle agonists (aid the delivery of the placenta) |
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What does SSRI stand for? What are examples of SSRIs? |
Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors Paroxetine (seroxat) Fluoxetine (prozac) Serotonin |
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How are amphetamines make? |
Dopamine is made into noradrenaline, which is then made into adrenaline
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What types of amphetamines are there? |
Amphetamines (speed), methamphetamine (crystal meth) and benzylpiperazine (BZP) |
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What is MDMA? |
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Made by oxidising and reductive amination of safrole |
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What chemicals can be used in perfumes?
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Lauryl aldehyde Vanillin Muscle |
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What are examples of hormone? |
Testosterone Oestrogen Progesterone |
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What type of chemical are steroids? |
Terpenoids
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How do pregnancy tests work?
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There is one strip that will react with the chemicals present during pregnancy, one strip that is to test for the chemical and a control strip Two lines = pregnant, one line = not pregnant, no lines = faulty |
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What are the steps in making morphine? |
Petrol and acid Chuck the petrol out Convert acid into alkali Petrol and alkali Concentrate petrol and obtain alkali |
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What are examples of opioid agonists? |
Naloxone Naltrexone Diprenorphine |
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What are potent simplified analogues of morphine? |
Pethidine Fentanyl Methadone |
