Eye Iggy Chapter 48 Agnes

Front 1

The orbit is

Back 1

the bony socket of the skull that surrounds and protects the eye along with the attached muscles, nerves, vessels, and tear-producing glands

Front 2

The orbit is

Back 2

the bony socket of the skull that surrounds and protects the eye along with the attached muscles, nerves, vessels, and tear-producing glands

Front 3

The eye has three layers (coats)

Back 3

- sclera (external)
- uvea (middle)
- retina (innermost)

Front 4

The eye has three layers (coats)

Back 4

- sclera (external)
- uvea (middle)
- retina (innermost)

Front 5

uvea

Back 5

heavily pigmented. This layer consists of the choroid, the ciliary body, and the iris.

Front 6

uvea

Back 6

heavily pigmented. This layer consists of the choroid, the ciliary body, and the iris.

Front 7

The choroid

Back 7

The choroid, a dark brown membrane between the sclera and the retina, lines most of the sclera. The choroid has many blood vessels that supply nutrients to the retina

Front 8

The choroid

Back 8

The choroid, a dark brown membrane between the sclera and the retina, lines most of the sclera. The choroid has many blood vessels that supply nutrients to the retina

Front 9

The ciliary body

Back 9

connects the choroid with the iris and secretes aqueous humor

Front 10

The ciliary body

Back 10

connects the choroid with the iris and secretes aqueous humor

Front 11

The iris is

Back 11

the colored portion of the external eye; its center opening is the pupil. The muscles of the iris contract and relax to control pupil size and the amount of light entering the eye

Front 12

retina

Back 12

a thin, delicate structure made up of sensory receptors that transmit impulses to the optic nerve. The retina contains blood vessels and two types of photoreceptors called rods and cones

Front 13

rods

Back 13

The rods work at low light levels and provide peripheral vision

Front 14

The cones

Back 14

are active at bright light levels and provide color and central vision.

Front 15

The optic fundus (contains?)

Back 15

is the area at the inside back of the eye that can be seen with an ophthalmoscope. This area contains the optic disc

Front 16

optic disc

Back 16

a creamy pink to white depressed area in the retina where the optic nerve enters and exits the eyeball. The optic disc is sometimes called the “blind spot” because it contains only nerve fibers and no photoreceptor cells.

Front 17

The center of the macula is

Back 17

fovea centralis, where vision is the most acute.

Front 18

Light waves pass through these structures on the way to the retina

Back 18

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous humor

Front 19

The cornea is

Back 19

the clear layer that forms the external coat on the front of the eye

Front 20

The aqueous humor is

Back 20

a clear, watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.

Front 21

Aqueous humor is continually produced by

Back 21

the ciliary processes and passes from the posterior chamber, through the pupil, and into the anterior chamber. This fluid drains through the canal of Schlemm into the blood to maintain a balanced intraocular pressure (IOP), the pressure within the eye

Front 22

The lens is

Back 22

a circular, convex structure that lies behind the iris and in front of the vitreous body. It is normally transparent. The lens bends the rays of light entering through the pupil so that they focus properly on the retina. The curve of the lens changes to focus on near or distant objects

Front 23

A cataract is

Back 23

a lens that has lost its transparency

Front 24

The vitreous body is

Back 24

a clear, thick gel that fills the vitreous chamber (the space between the lens and the retina). This gel transmits light and maintains eye shape

Front 25

intraocular pressure

Back 25

the gel in the posterior segment (vitreous humor) and the fluid in the anterior segment (aqueous humor) must be present in set amounts that apply pressure inside the eye to keep it inflated

Front 26

The canthus is

Back 26

the place where the two eyelids meet at the corner of the eye

Front 27

The conjunctivae

Back 27

are the mucous membranes of the eye

Front 28

Tears are produced by

Back 28

lacrimal gland,

Front 29

punctum

Back 29

an opening at the nasal side of the lid edges (tears drain through it to lacrimal duct and sac and then into nasolacrimal duct)

Front 30

(CN) III

Back 30

oculomotor

Front 31

CN IV

Back 31

trochlear

Front 32

CN VI

Back 32

abducens

Front 33

The optic nerve CN?

Back 33

II, is the nerve of sight, connecting the optic disc to the brain

Front 34

Part of the trigeminal nerve CN ? /stimulates?

Back 34

V, ...stimulates the blink reflex when the cornea is touched

Front 35

The facial nerve CN?

Back 35

VII, innervates the lacrimal glands and muscles controlling lid closure

Front 36

SUPERIOR RECTUS MUSCLE

Back 36

• Together with the lateral rectus, this muscle moves the eye diagonally upward toward the side of the head.
• Together with the medial rectus, this muscle moves the eye diagonally upward toward the middle of the head.

Front 37

LATERAL RECTUS MUSCLE

Back 37

- Together with the medial rectus, contraction of this muscle holds the eye in a straight position.
- Contracting alone, this muscle turns the eye toward the side of the head.

Front 38

MEDIAL RECTUS MUSCLE

Back 38

Contracting alone, this muscle turns the eye toward the nose.

Front 39

INFERIOR RECTUS MUSCLE

Back 39

- Together with the lateral rectus, this muscle moves the eye diagonally downward toward the side of the head.
- Together with the medial rectus, this muscle moves the eye diagonally downward toward the middle of the head

Front 40

SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE

Back 40

Contracting alone, this muscle pulls the eye downward

Front 41

INFERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE

Back 41

Contracting alone, this muscle pulls the eye upward.

Front 42

Refraction

Back 42

involves bending light rays from the outside world into the eye.

Front 43

Emmetropia

Back 43

is the perfect refraction of the eye: with the lens at rest, light rays from a distant source (6 m or more) are focused into a sharp image on the retina

Front 44

Hyperopia

Back 44

(also called hypermetropia or farsightedness) occurs when the eye does not refract light enough

Front 45

Myopia

Back 45

(nearsightedness) occurs when the eye overrefracts or overbends the light