Eye

Front 1

Describe the eye

Back 1

Eyes transmit color images of the outside world to the brain.

Each eye is spherical and enclosed by three layers:

Sclera,
Choroids
Retina – cushioned in fat lining a bony cradle (orbit).

Front 2

Describe the eye

Back 2

Eyes transmit color images of the outside world to the brain.

Front 3

Describe the eye

Back 3

Eyes transmit color images of the outside world to the brain.

Each eye is spherical and enclosed by three layers – sclera, choroids and retina – cushioned in fat lining a bony cradle (orbit).

Front 4

What is the tough, outer layer that forms the white of the eye called?

Back 4

The tough, outer coat (sclera) forms “the white of the eye,” with a clear window (cornea) covered by a moist membrane (conjunctiva) continuous with that of the eyelids, which is lubricated by tears from the tear ducts (lacrimal glands).

Front 5

Give another name for the tough, outer layer that forms the white of they eye.

Back 5

Sclera

Front 6

What is the ‘clear window’ called that is covered by the membrane conjunctiva?

Back 6

Cornea

Front 7

Give another name for tear ducts.

Back 7

Lacrimal glands

Front 8

What is the function of the pigmented, dark brown middle layer of the eyeball?

Back 8

It supplies blood and nutrients to the eye.

Front 9

Give another name for the pigmented, dark brown middle layer of the eyeball.

Back 9

Choroids

Front 10

What does the pigmented, dark brown middle layer of the eyeball (choroids) supply to the eye?

Back 10

Blood
Nutrients

Front 11

Describe the lens of the eye.

Back 11

The lens, which can be altered in shape by its attached muscles (focusing by accommodation), is suspended from the circular, glandular ciliary body, which secretes transparent aqueous fluid

Front 12

The lens, which can be altered in shape by its __________(focusing by accommodation), is suspended from the________, _____________, which secretes transparent aqueous fluid

Back 12

transparent aqueous fluid
attached muscles
circular
glandular ciliary body

Front 13

The lens, which can be altered in shape by its attached muscles (focusing by accommodation), is suspended from the circular, glandular ciliary body, which secretes ____________

Back 13

transparent aqueous fluid

Front 14

What is the function of the lens and cornea?

Back 14

They bend light rays to focus on the light-sensitive lining (retina), which contains special cells (rods and cones)

Front 15

The ______and _______bend light rays to focus on the light-sensitive lining (retina), which contains special cells (rods and cones).

Back 15

Lens
Cornea

Front 16

What is the light-sensitive lining which contains special cells called?

Back 16

Retina

Front 17

Describe the retina.

Back 17

The retina contains special cells (rods and cones)

Front 18

________,concerned with detailed color vision, are concentrated near its center (macula).

Back 18

Cones

Front 19

The retina contains two types of photoreceptors, name them.

Back 19

Rods and cones.

Front 20

Describe rods

Back 20

Rods are more numerous round the periphery and work in poor light. In front of the lens, pigmented ring of muscle (iris) controls the amount of light entering the eye by widening or narrowing the pupil. Nerve fibers from the rods and cones pass over the inside of the retina to the optic nerve (optic disc).

Front 21

What is the center of the retina called?
Macula

Back 21

The macula is the central area of the retina, which provides the most detailed central vision.

Front 22

What fills the space behind the lens.

Back 22

Transparent fluid (vitreous body) fills the space behind the lens.

Front 23

How many muscles in the orbit control eye movements?

Back 23

6

Front 24

There are six muscles in the orbit that control eye movements and weakness in one or more muscles can cause an eye to deviate. What is this condition called?

Back 24

Strabismus.

Front 25

Aqueous Humor:

Back 25

Clear, watery fluid found in the anterior chamber of the eye

Front 26

Choroid:

Back 26

Layer of blood vessels that nourish the eye; also, because of the high melanocytes content, the choroid acts as a light-absorbing layer.

Front 27

Cornea:

Back 27

Transparent tissue covering the front of the eye. Does not have any blood vessels; does have nerves.

Front 28

Iris:

Back 28

Circular band of muscles that controls the size of the pupil. The pigmentation of the iris gives "color" to the eye. Blue eyes have the least amount of pigment; brown eyes have the most.

Front 29

Lens:

Back 29

Transparent tissue that bends light passing through the eye. To focus light, the lens can change shape by bending.

Front 30

Pupil:

Back 30

Hole in the center of the eye where light passes through.

Front 31

Retina:

Back 31

Layer of tissue on the back portion of the eye that contains cells responsive to light (photoreceptors).

Front 32

Rods:

Back 32

Photoreceptors responsive in low light conditions.

Front 33

Cones:

Back 33

Photoreceptors responsive to color and in bright conditions.

Front 34

Sclera:

Back 34

Protect coating around the posterior five-sixths of the eyeball.

Front 35

Vitreous Humor:

Back 35

Clear, jelly-like fluid found in the back portion of the eye.

Maintains shape of the eye.

Front 36

Aqueous humor

Back 36

clear watery fluid found in the anterior chamber of the eye; maintains pressure and nourishes the cornea and lens

Front 37

Vitreous humor

Back 37

clear, jelly-like fluid found in the back portion of the eye: maintains shape of the eye and attaches to the retina

Front 38

Blind spot

Back 38

small area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye: any image falling here will not be seen

Front 39

Ciliary muscles

Back 39

involuntary muscles that change the lens shape to allow focusing images of objects at different distances

Front 40

Cornea

Back 40

transparent tissue covering the front of the eye: does not have blood vessels; does have nerves

Front 41

Cones

Back 41

photoreceptors responsive to color and in bright conditions; used for fine detail

Front 42

Rods photoreceptors

Back 42

responsive in low light conditions; not useful for fine detail

Front 43

Fovea

Back 43

central part of the macula that provides sharpest vision; contains only cones

Front 44

Iris

Back 44

circular band of muscles that controls the size of the pupil. The pigmentation of the iris gives "color" to the eye. Blue eyes have the least amount of pigment; brown eyes have the most

Front 45

Lens

Back 45

transparent tissue that bends light passing through the eye: to focus light, the lens can change shape

Front 46

Macula

Back 46

small central area of the retina that provides vision for fine work and reading

Front 47

Optic nerve

Back 47

bundle of over one million axons from ganglion cells that carry visual signals from the eye to the brain

Front 48

Pupil

Back 48

hole in the center of the eye where light passes through

Front 49

Choroid

Back 49

Thin tissue layer containing blood vessels, sandwiched between the sclera and retina; also, because of the high melanocytes content, the choroid acts as a light-absorbing layer.

Front 50

Retina

Back 50

layer of tissue on the back portion of the eye that contains cells responsive to light (photoreceptors)

Front 51

Sclera

Back 51

tough, white outer covering of the eyeball; extraocular muscles attach here to move the eye

Front 52

Zonules

Back 52

– Zonules are slender ligaments that attach the lens capsule to the inside of the eye, holding the lens in place.

Front 53

Lens capsule

Back 53

– This elastic bag envelops the lens, helping to control lens shape when the eye focuses on objects at different distances.

Front 54

Lens

Back 54

– This is the structure inside the eye that helps to focus light on the retina.