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144 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Location of the Gluteal Region
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The Clunes
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Cluneal Nerves
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L1-L3, S1-S3
(Supply the skin of the gluteal region) |
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Osteology/Landmarks of the Gluteal Region
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Iliac Spine, Greater Sciatic Foramen, Greater Trochanter
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Ligaments of the Gluteal Region
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Sacrotuberous Ligament, Sacrospinous Ligament
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Sacrospinous Ligament
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Runs perpindicular to Sacrotuberous Ligament. Attaches to Sacrum and Ischial Spine
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Gluteus Maximus
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O: Ext. surface of Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line of the Sacrotuberous Ligament
Ins: 3/4 of the Iliotibial band. Deep Fibers: Gluteal Tuberosity 1/4 Inv: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1-S2) D Blood Supply: Superior and Inferior Gluteal Arteries |
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Gluteus Medius
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O: Between Anterior and Posterior Lines
Ins: Lateral Surface of the Greater Trochanter Inv: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1) D. Inferior Gluteal Nerve(L5, S1-S2) D Action: Superior Gluteal Artery |
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Gluteus Minimus
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O: Between Anterior and Inferior Gluteal Lines
Ins: Greater Trochanter in the Anterior Part Inv: Superior Gluteal Nerve Action: Abduction of thigh, medial rotation of thigh(keeps pelvis leveled during opp. leg is being raised) |
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Piriformis
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O: Ant. Surface of the Sacrum
Ins: Greater Trochanter's Sup. Surface of the hip. Inv: Nerve to the Piriformis (L5, S1, and S2 nerve roots) Action: Laterally rotates the extended thigh and abducts the flexed thigh. |
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Superior Gemellus
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O: Spine of the ischium
Ins: Obturator Internus tendon Inv: nerve to obturator internus (S1, S2, S3) Actions: Rotates laterally thigh Blood Supply: Inferior gluteal artery |
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Inferior Gemellus
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O: Ischial Tuberosity
Ins: Medial Surface of the Greater Trochanter of the Femur Inv: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris and Inferior Gemellus |
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Obturator Externus
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O: Outer Surface of Obturator Membrane of surrounding bones
Ins: Trochanteric Fossa Inv: Obturator Nerve Action: Lateral Rotation of the thigh |
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Quadratus Femoris
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O: Ischial Tuberosity
Ins: Quadrate Triangle on the Intertrochanteric Crest of the Femur Inv: L4,L5, S1 D Action: Lateral rotation of the thigh |
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Clunial Nerves
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Dorsal Rami: L1-L3, S1-S3
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Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
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S1, S2 (D). S2, S3(V).
Supplies the skin of the inferior, superior gluteal nerve of the gluteal region. |
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Superior Gluteal Nerve
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L4, L5, S1(D)
Enters the gluteal region above the piriformis. Crosses the gluteal region(medial to lateral) Lateral Gluteus Med and Min |
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Inferior Gluteal Nerve
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L5, S1, S2 (D)
Enters the gluteal region inferior to piriformis. Supplies the gluteal maximus |
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Pudendal Nerve
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S2, S3, S4 (V)
Somatice and Automatic functions. Enters the gluteal region inferior to piriformis. Parasympathetic Craniosacral Outflow |
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Superior Gluteal Artery
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Pelvis to Greater Sciatic Foramen to Gluteal Region
Superficial Branch: Gluteus Maximus Deep Branch: Crosses region between Gluteus Med. and Min. Supplies Glute Med/Min, TFL, and hip joint. Anastomosis with inf. gluteal and med. femoral circumflex aa. |
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Inf. Gluteal Artery
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Pelvis to Greater Sciatic Foramen to Gluteal Region.
Descends on medial side of the sciatic nerve. Supplies: Glute Max, Deep Rotators, Sup. Hamstrings. Anastomosis with Sup. Gluteal Artery. Cruciate Anastomosis of thigh |
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Pudendal Nerve
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S2, S3, S4 (V)
Somatice and Automatic functions. Enters the gluteal region inferior to piriformis. Parasympathetic Craniosacral Outflow |
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Quadratus Femoris
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O: Ischial Tuberosity
Ins: Quadrate Triangle on the Intertrochanteric Crest of the Femur Inv: L4,L5, S1 D Action: Lateral rotation of the thigh |
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Internal Pudendal Artery
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Pelvis to Greater Sciatic Foramen to Gluteal Region to Lesser Sciatic Foramen to Perineum.
Runs with Pudendal Nerve (S2, S3, S4) Supplies: Ext. Genetalia, Ms in the pelvic region, NOT gluteal region. Branch in the gluteal region to the external anal sphincter |
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Adductor Halucis
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PA: Calcaneus bone
DA: Proximal phalanx of the great toe Action: Abducts and flexes the great toe Inv: Medial Plantar Nerve (S2-S3) |
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Flexor Digitorum Brevis
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PA: Calcaneus bone
DA: Lateral surfaces of the middle phalanx of digits 2-5 Action: Flexes digits 2-5 Inv: Medial Plantar Nerve (S2-S3) |
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Abductor Digiti Minimi
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PA: Calcaneus bone
DA: Lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx for digit 5 Action: Abducts and flexes digit 5 Inv: Lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3) |
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Quadratus Plantae (Layer 2)
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PA: Calcaneus bone
DA: Tendon of the flexor digitorum longus Action: Flexes digits 2-5 Inv: Lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3) |
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Lumbricals (Layer 2)
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Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus
DA: Expansion over digits 2-5 Action: Flex the proximal phalanges and extend the middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Inv: Medial one: Plantar nerve Lateral three: Lateral Plantar nerve |
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Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Layer 3)
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PA: Cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones
DA: Base of the proximal phalanx for the great toe Action: Flexes the great toe Inv: Medial plantar nerve |
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Adductor Hallucis (Layer 3)
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PA: Oblique head: Base of the metatarsals 2-4
Transverse head: Metatarsophalangeal joints DA: Proximal phalanx of the great toe Action: Adducts the great toe Inv: Deep branch of the the lateral plantar nerve |
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Flexor digiti minimi brevis
(Layer 3) |
PA: Base of the fifth metatarsal bone
DA: Proximal phalanx of the great toe Action: Adducts the great toe Inv: Deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve |
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Plantar Interossei (Layer 4)
3 muscles |
PA: Base and the medial side of metatarsals 3-5
DA: Medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of digits 3-5 Action: Adducts digits 2-4 and flex the metatarsophalangeal joints Inv: Lateral plantar nerve |
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Dorsal Interossei (Layer 4)
4 muscles |
PA: Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5
DA: First: Medial side of the proximal phalanx of digit 2 Second to fourth: Lateral side of digits 2-4 Action: Abducts digits 2-4 and flexes the metatarsophalangeal joints Inv: Lateral plantar nerve |
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Ankle joint
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Synovial Hinge joint
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Ankle bones
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Distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the trochlea of the talus
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Articular surfaces of the ankle
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Distal ends of tibia and fibula form a mortise(deep socket) for the trochlea of the talus
Medial and lateral malleoli articulate with the medial and lateral surfaces of the talus The inferior surfaces of the tibia forms the roof of the mortise |
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Movements of the Ankle joint
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Movements are in the ant/post directions. No side to side movements
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Dorsiflexion
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The dorsum of the foot moves toward the anterior surface of the leg. This is necessary to allow the foot to clear the ground in the swing phase of gait.
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Plantarflexion
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Occurs when the toes are in contact with the ground and the heel is raised off of the ground.
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Ankle joint capsule
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The fibrous capsule is thin anteriorly and posteriorly but is supported on each side by strong collateral ligaments.
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Deltoid ligament of the ankle
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Binds the medial malleolus to the tarsal bones(talus, calcaneus, navicular)
Stronger than the lateral ligaments Ligament stablizes the ankle joint during eversion |
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Lateral collateral ligament of the ankle
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Binds the lateral malleolus to the tarsal bones.
Divided into 3 parts: Anterior talofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament |
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Anterior Talofibular Ligament
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Lateral malleoulus to neck of the talus
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Calcaneus
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Heel bone
Largest bone in the foot Transmits body weight from the talus to the ground. Sustentaculum Tali(supports the shelf for the talus) projects from medial surface to support the talar head. Calcaneal tuberosity(post) with medial and lateral tubercles |
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Talus
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Body,neck, and head
Superior surface bears the weight of the body, transmitted from the tibia. Only tarsal with no muscular or tendinous attachments. |
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Navicular
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Flattened, boat shaped
Articulates with the talar head posteriorly and 3 cuneiforms anteriorly Medial surface projects to form the navicular tuberosity |
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Cuboid
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Most lateral bone in the distal row of tarsals
Inferior surface contains the groove for the tendon of peroneus longus |
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3 cuneiforms
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Medial, Int., and Lat
Articulate with the navicular posteriorly and the base of its appropriate metatarsal anteriorly Lateral cuneiform with the cuboid. |
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5 metatarsals
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Numbered from medial to lateral (1-5)
First is shorter and thicker than the other 4 Proximal base and distal head Base of the 5th Metatarsal: Tuberosity Plantar surface of head of first MT: Medial and lateral sesmoid bones in tendons of FHB. |
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Deep fascia of the leg
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Crural Fascia
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Compartments of the leg
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Anterior Compartment
Lateral Compartment Posterior Compartment: Superficial/Deep |
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Anterior Compartment of the Leg
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1. Located anterior to the IOM bet. lateral surface of the tibia and ant. IMS
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Contents of the Ant. Compartment of the Leg
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4 muscles: TA, EHL, EDL, PT
Deep peroneal nerve Anterior tibial vessels |
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Tibialis Anterior
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O: Lateral condyle of the tibia, sup 2/3 lateral surface, IOM
Ins: Med.and Inf. surfaces of med. cuneiform, base of the 1st metacarpal Action: Dorsiflexion of the foot, Inversion of foot Inv: Deep Peroneal nerve |
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Deep fascia of the leg
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Crural Fascia
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Compartments of the leg
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Anterior Compartment
Lateral Compartment Posterior Compartment: Superficial/Deep |
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Anterior Compartment of the Leg
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1. Located anterior to the IOM bet. lateral surface of the tibia and ant. IMS
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Contents of the Ant. Compartment of the Leg
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4 muscles: TA, EHL, EDL, PT
Deep peroneal nerve Anterior tibial vessels |
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Tibialis Anterior
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O: Lateral condyle of the tibia, sup 2/3 lateral surface, IOM
Ins: Med.and Inf. surfaces of med. cuneiform, base of the 1st metacarpal Action: Dorsiflexion of the foot, Inversion of foot Inv: Deep Peroneal nerve |
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Extensor Hallucis Longus
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O: Anterior surface of fibula and IOM
Ins: Base of the distal phalanx of the big toe Inv: Deep Peroneal Nerve Action: Extends big toe, dorsiflexes foot |
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Extensor Digitorum Longus
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O: Lateral condyle of the tibia, medial surface of the fibula, IOM
Ins: Middle, distal phalanges of the lateral 4 toes Inv: Deep peroneal nerve Action: Extends 4 toes, dorsiflexes foot. |
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Peroneus Tertius
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O: Ant. Surface of fibula and IOM
Ins: Dorsal surface of the base of 5th metatarsal Action: Dorsiflexion of foot, assists in eversion Inv: Deep Peroneal Nerve |
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Deep Peroneal Nerve
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1. Begins between neck of fibula and PL muscle
2. Pierces ant IMS to descend in ant leg with anterior tibial vs. between TA and EHL 3. Passes deep to the extensor retinacula at ankle with the vessels and divides into med. and lat. branches 4. Medial Br: Cutaneous Lateral Br: Mixed |
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Anterior Tibial Artery
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1. Smaller of 2 brs. of popliteal artery in the back of knee
2. Passes through proximal opening in IOM to reach anterior compartment of the leg 3. Descends on IOM bet. TA and EHL with deep peroneal nerve and 2 veins 4. Supplies anterior leg muscles and deep posterior leg muscles 5. Crosses ankle joint and changes name to Dorsalis Pedis artery 6. Many branches around knee and ankle/foot joints. |
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Lateral Compartment of the Leg
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Borders: Fibula, ant. and post. IMS, crural fascia
Contents: 2 muscles 1. Peroneus Longus 2. Peronues Brevis |
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Peroneus Longus
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O: Head and superior 2/3 of the fibula on lateral surface of fibula, posterior to lateral malleous
Ins: Plantar surface of the med. cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal Inv: Superficial Plantar Nerve Action: Plantar flexion of the foot and eversion of the foot |
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Peroneus Brevis
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O: Inf. 2/3 lateral surface of fibula, posterior to lateral malleous
Ins: Tuberosity of the base of the 5th metatarsal Inv: Superficial Peroneal nerve Action: Plantar flexion of the foot, eversion of the foot |
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Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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1. Originates from common peroneal nerve
2. Enters lateral leg as it wraps around neck of fibula 3. Supplies PL and PB muscles 4. Pierces deep fascia to become superfical and supplies the skin of the anterolateral leg and most of the dorsum of the foot |
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Arteries of the Lateral Leg
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No named artery runs through the lateral leg. Blood supply is from branches of the peroneal artery
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Shin Splints
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Mild form of anterior compartment syndrome due to repetitive microtraumas of TA and small tears in the periosteum of the tibia. Muscles in anterior compartment swell from the sudden overuse.
Edema and muscle/tendon inflmmation reduce blood flow to muscles. Swollen muscles are painful and tender |
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Deep Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
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Excessive use of anterior leg muscles leads to muscle injury and edema
Tight fitting ski boots, tight shoes cause compression of the dorsum of the foot |
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Rectus Femoris
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Heads:
Straight Head: AIIS Reflected Head: Illium Superior to Acetabelum Ins: Base of the Patella and Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Tendon Inv: Femoral Nerve L2, L3, L4 D Action: Ext. of leg/Flex. of thigh |
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Rectus Femoris
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Heads:
Straight Head: AIIS Reflected Head: Illium Superior to Acetabelum Ins: Base of the Patella and Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Tendon Inv: Femoral Nerve L2, L3, L4 D Action: Ext. of leg/Flex. of thigh |
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Superficial Fascia
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1 Deep to skin
2. Loose CT with superficial veins and nerves, and lymphatics. 3. Continuous with Superficial of Ant. Abdominal Wall and Gluteal Fascia. |
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Deep Fascia
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1. Invest the thigh.
2. Forms the Intermuscular Septum. 3. Invests the muscle. 4. Deep Fascia of the thigh. |
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Three Fascial Compartments of the Thigh Divided by IMS
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1. Origin of the Septa: Fascia Lata
2. Attach to the Linea Aspera 3. Lateral IMS attached to the IT Band |
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3 Compartments of the Thigh
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1. Function of the muscles.
2. Nerve Supply to the muscles. 3. Major source of blood to compartment. |
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Muscles of the Medial Compartment
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Gracillis
Pectineus |
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Muscles of the Post. Compartment
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Hamstrings
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Muscles of the Ant. Comp.
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Sartorious
TFL Rectus Femoris Vastus Intermedius Vastus Lateralis |
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Hamstrings Muscle Characteristics
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1. Proximal Attachment: Ischial Tuberosity.
2. Crosses the Action of 2 joints (hip and knee) 3. Innervated by Tibial Nerve |
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Biceps Femoris
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Long Head O: Ischial Tuberosity
Short Head O: Linea Aspera and Lateral Supra Condylar Ridge of Humerus Insertion: Head of Fibula Long Head Inv: Tibular Nerve Short Head Inv: Common Peroneal Nerve Action: Extends the thigh and flexes the thigh. |
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Semitendinosus
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O: Ischial Tuberosity
Ins: Medial Surface of the Medial Condyle of the Tibia. Inv: Tibial Nerve Action: Flexes the thigh, Medial Rotates the thigh. |
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Semimembranosus
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O: Ischial Tuberosity
Ins: Posterior Surface of Tibia Inv: Tibial Nerve Action: Extends thigh. |
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Adductor Magnus
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O: Ischial Tuberosity
Ins: Adductor Tubercle of the Femur. Inv: Tibial Nerve. Action: Ext. of thigh. |
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Blood Supply to Posterior Thigh
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1.Inferior Gluteal Artery
2. 4 branches of the Perfunda Femoris |
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Sciatic Nerves 2 Parts
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1. Tibial Nerve ( L3-S3) V
2. Common Peroneal Nerve (L4-S2) D |
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Sciatic Nerve Muscular Inv.
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1. Muscles of the posterior thigh.
2. Joints of the lower limb. 3. Muscles of the leg and foot. 4. Most of the skin of leg and foot. |
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Popliteal Fossa
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Diamond Shaped space posterior to knee joint.
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Medial Border of the Popliteal Fossa
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Semitendonosus
Semimembraneosus |
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Lateral Border of the Popliteal Fossa
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Biceps Femoris
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Contents of Popliteal Fossa
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1. Adipose Tissue
2. Nerves 3. Popliteal Artery/Vein |
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Roof of the Popliteal Fossa
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Popliteal Fascia
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Floor of the Popliteal Fossa
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1. Popliteal Muscle
2. Oblique Popliteal Ligament |
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Nerves in the Popliteal Fossa
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1. Medial Sural Cutaneous Nerve
2.Lateral Sural Cutaneous Nerve 3. Sural Nerve |
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Popliteal Vein
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Forming by joining of anterior and posterior tibial veins.
In sheath with popliteal artery, and receives drainage of short saphenous vein. At adductor hiatus, is continuous with femoral vein. |
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Popliteal Artery
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Continuous with femoral artery at adductor hiatus. Lies deep to popliteal vein, and divides into posterior and anterior tibial arteries at distal border of popliteus.
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Sartorius
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O: ASIS
Ins: Medial surface of the med. condyle of the tibia. Inv: Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4) D Action: Flexes thigh/leg, Lateral rotates thigh. |
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TFL: Tensor Fasciae Lata
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O: ASIS
Ins: IT Band Inv: Sup. Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, L1) D Action: Flexion of thigh, abduction of thigh, med. rotates thigh. |
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Rectus Femoris
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O: Straight Head: AIIS
Reflected Head: Iluim Ins: Base of Patella and tibial tuberosity via petallar tendon. Inv: Femoral Nerve( L2,L3, L4) D Action: Extension of thigh. |
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Vastus Lateralis
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O: Lateral Lip of linea aspera and greater trochanter.
Ins: Base of patella and tibia tuberosity via patellar tendon. Inv: Femoral Nerve Action: Extension of leg |
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Vastus Intermedius
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O: Anterior and lateral surface of femur.
Ins: Base of the patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon. Inv: Femoral Nerve Action: Extension of the leg |
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Vastus Medialis
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O: Medial lip of linea aspera and Intertrochanteric line.
Ins: Base of the patella Inv: Femoral Nerve Action: Extension of the leg |
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Femoral Triangle Boundaries
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Sup: Inguinal Ligament
Lat: Sartorious Med: Adductor Longus |
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Muscular Floor of the Femoral Triangle
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1. Iliopsoas
2. Pectineus |
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Femoral Sheath
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Fascial Tube of arteries and nerves
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Contents of the Femoral Sheath
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Lateral to Medial:
Femoral Nerve Femoral Artery Femoral Vein Empty Space Lymph |
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Femoral Vessels
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Femoral Nerve, Femoral Artery.
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Femoral Nerve
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Largest branch of the lumbar plexus (L2, L3, L4)D
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Innervation of the Femoral Nerve
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Supplies the muscles of anterior thigh, hip/knee joints.
Supplies the skin fo the medial leg/foot, and skin of the anterior/medial thigh. |
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Femoral Artery
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Continuous with Ext. Iliac Artery, under Ilioinguinal Ligament.
Runs the anterior thigh with femoral vein, as far as the adductor hiatus to become the popiteal artery. |
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Gastrocenmius
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O: Med. Head: Medial Femoral Condyle.
Lat. Head: Lateral Femoral Condyle Ins: Calcaneus Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion |
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Soleus
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O: Proximal Tibia and Fibula
Ins: Calcaneus Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion |
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Plantaris
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O: Posterior distal femur, superior to gastrocs
Ins: Calcaneus Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion |
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Popliteus
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O: Lateral condyles of femur and lateral meniscus.
Ins: Proximal posterior tibia. Inv: Tibial Nerve Action: Flexion of the leg |
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Tibialis Posterior
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O: Posterior tibia, fibular, and the IOM
Ins: Plantar surface medial cuneiform and navicular tuberosity Inv: Tibial Nerve Action: Plantar flexion and inversion of the foot |
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Flexor Digitorum Longus
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O: Posterior tibia and fascia of tibialis posterior
Ins.: Plantar surface of base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexes foot and digits |
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Flexor Hallucis Longus
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O: Posterior fibula, fascia of tibialis posterior, IOM
Ins: Plantar surface base of distal phalanx great toe Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexes foot and great toe |
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Tibial nerve
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1. Larger of 2 terminal branches of the sciatic nerve
2. Leaves popliteal fossa deep to 2 heads of gastrocnemius 3. Supplies all muscles of posterior leg and sole of foot 4. Runs down calf deep to soleus 5. At the ankle, lies bet. FDL and FHL 6. Posteroinferior to the medial malleolus, the tibial nerve divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves |
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Sural Nerve
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Supplies the skin of the lateral and posterior part of the inferior 1/3 of the leg
Supplies the skin on the lateral side of the foot |
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Posterior Tibial Artery
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1. Larger branch of the popliteal artery
2. Supplies posterior leg and the sole of foot 3. Nutrient artery to the tibia 4. At the distal border of popliteus, goes deep to the soleus with posterior tibial veins and tibial nerve. 5. Largest branch of the peroneal artery |
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Flexor Digitorum Longus
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O: Posterior tibia and fascia of tibialis posterior
Ins.: Plantar surface of base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexes foot and digits |
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Flexor Hallucis Longus
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O: Posterior fibula, fascia of tibialis posterior, IOM
Ins: Plantar surface base of distal phalanx great toe Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexes foot and great toe |
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Tibial nerve
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1. Larger of 2 terminal branches of the sciatic nerve
2. Leaves popliteal fossa deep to 2 heads of gastrocnemius 3. Supplies all muscles of posterior leg and sole of foot 4. Runs down calf deep to soleus 5. At the ankle, lies bet. FDL and FHL 6. Posteroinferior to the medial malleolus, the tibial nerve divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves |
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Sural Nerve
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Supplies the skin of the lateral and posterior part of the inferior 1/3 of the leg
Supplies the skin on the lateral side of the foot |
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Posterior Tibial Artery
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1. Larger branch of the popliteal artery
2. Supplies posterior leg and the sole of foot 3. Nutrient artery to the tibia 4. At the distal border of popliteus, goes deep to the soleus with posterior tibial veins and tibial nerve. 5. Largest branch of the peroneal artery |
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Flexor Digitorum Longus
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O: Posterior tibia and fascia of tibialis posterior
Ins.: Plantar surface of base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexes foot and digits |
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Flexor Hallucis Longus
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O: Posterior fibula, fascia of tibialis posterior, IOM
Ins: Plantar surface base of distal phalanx great toe Inv: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexes foot and great toe |
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Tibial nerve
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1. Larger of 2 terminal branches of the sciatic nerve
2. Leaves popliteal fossa deep to 2 heads of gastrocnemius 3. Supplies all muscles of posterior leg and sole of foot 4. Runs down calf deep to soleus 5. At the ankle, lies bet. FDL and FHL 6. Posteroinferior to the medial malleolus, the tibial nerve divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves |
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Sural Nerve
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Supplies the skin of the lateral and posterior part of the inferior 1/3 of the leg
Supplies the skin on the lateral side of the foot |
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Posterior Tibial Artery
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1. Larger branch of the popliteal artery
2. Supplies posterior leg and the sole of foot 3. Nutrient artery to the tibia 4. At the distal border of popliteus, goes deep to the soleus with posterior tibial veins and tibial nerve 5. Larges branch s the peroneal artery |
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Peroneal Artery
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1. Usually within the FHL muscle.
2. Muscular branches to the posterior and lateral compartments of the leg 3. Nutrient artery to the fibula 4. Pierces the IOM to anastomose with the arcuate artery on the dorsum of the foot. |
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Pectineus
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O: Superior Pubic Ramus
Ins: Petineal Line Inv: Femoral Nerve Action: Adducts and Flexes Thigh |
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Adductor Longus
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O: Body of Pubis
Ins: Middle 1/3 linea aspera Inv: Ant. Branch of Obturator Nerve(L1,L2,L3) V Action: Adducts Thigh |
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Adductor Brevis
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O: Body of Pubis
Ins: Proximal part of linea aspera Inv: Anterior Branch of Obturator Nerve Action: Adducts Thigh |
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Adductor Magnus
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O: Adductor Part: Inf. Pubic Ramus and Ischial Ramus.
Hamstring Part: Ischial Tuberosity Ins: Adductor Part:Gluteal Tuberosity Hamstring Part: Adductor Tubercle Inv: Tibial Nerve Action: Adducts the thigh |
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Gracilis
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O: Body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus
Ins: Medial surface of the medial condyle of tibia. Inv: Anterior branch of Obturator Nerve Action: Flexes thigh, adducts thigh |
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Obturator Externus
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O: Outer Surface of Obterator Membrane of surrounding lines
Ins: Trochanteric Fossa Inv: Obturator Nerve Action: Lateral rotation of thigh |
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Obturator Nerve
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Spinal Roots: Lumbar Plexus
(L1-L4) V Anterior Division: Adductor Brevis Posterior Division: Adductor Magnus |
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Blood Supply of Medial Thigh
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Obturator Artery:
*Supplies the Medial Thigh *Runs with Obturator Nerve *Branch of Internal Illiac Artery Femoral Artery: *Profunda Femoris |
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Adductor Hiatus
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An opening in the adductor magnus tendon between the adductor tubercle on the medial condyle of the femur and the linea aspera. It provides an opening for the femoral artery and vein to reach the popliteal fossa. The femoral vessels become the popliteal vessels as they pass trhough the hiatus.
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Adductor Canal
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A narrow fascial tunnel that runs from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus(deep to the sartorious ms in the middle third of thigh)
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Adductor Canal Contents
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*Femoral Artery
*Saphenous Nerve *Nerve to Vastus Medialis |
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Adductor Canal Boundaries
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Anteriorly and Laterally: Vastus Medialis
Posteriorly: Adductor Longus and Magnus Medially: Sartorious |
