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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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It has been found that some normally involuntary responses can be modified with operant conditioning. This finding has most significant implications for the treatment of
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psychophysiological disorders
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T or F: While external factors are important, internal factors are most likely to trigger relapses
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True
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Irving Yalom determined several factors that are potentially curative in group psychotherapy. These factors include:
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insight, instillation of hope, universality, imparting information, altruism, family reenactment, development of socializing techniques, imitative behavior, interpersonal learning, group cohesiveness, catharsis, and existential factors
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Hans Eysenck published a comprehensive study about therapy outcome. This oft-cited research is most important because:
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it spurred further research into treatment outcome
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Howard's meta-analytic studies of psychotherapy outcome have found that
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by the end of the eighth session, 50% of patients were measurably improved, and by the end of six months, 75% were measurably improved.
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What is R²?
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It represents the amount of variability shared by the tests.
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A researcher is investigating the effect of dose of the antidepressant Zoloft on level of depression. The ANOVA shows a significant effect. To assess whether the results are linear or nonlinear, she should further analyze the data with:
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trend analysis
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Factor analysis may be performed using oblique or orthogonal rotations. The main advantage of an oblique rotation is that:
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factors are usually correlated in the real world
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Which of the following would have the highest criterion-related validity with performance across a broad range of job levels? Assessment centers or cognitive abilities tests.
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Assessment centers tend to have criterion-related validity coefficients that are as good as cognitive ability tests, however, assessment centers are limited to positions in upper level management.
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The DSM-IV includes several diagnostic criteria for each diagnosis. In order to qualify for each diagnosis, a minimum number of the diagnostic criteria needs to be met, e.g., six out of nine. The basis of this system is:
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polythetic
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A "culture-bound syndrome" is best defined as:
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culture-specific aberrant behavior that may or may not be linked to a diagnostic category in the DSM-IV-TR.
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In order for a psychologist to be an expert witness, what qualifications must she or he possess?
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Knowledge of the legal system and the relevant psychological domain. The basis for determining that someone is an expert witness is recognition by the court as an expert on the matter at hand .
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On a computer-administered test, the items automatically change, getting easier or harder, depending on whether the subject gets the current item correct or incorrect. This type of testing is a development of:
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item response theory
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Incremental validity is associated with a test's:
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concurrent validity
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A selection test has moderate criterion-related validity. In order to optimize prediction regarding which applicants will be successful when using this test, which of the following conditions should be present?
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There are many applicants for a few openings, in a company where half of the current employees are successful. To optimize incremental validity the base rate should be moderate, and the selection ratio should be low.
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To optimize discriminant validity you would want:
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low to moderate correlation with monomethod (tests of similar method), heterotrait (measures of different traits).
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Manifestations of the following disorders might appear as a panic attack
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Hyperthyroidism, myocardial infarction, hypoglycemia.
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A person with AIDS dementia complex (ADC) would most likely exhibit:
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forgetfulness, slowness, weakness, apathy and withdrawal.
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In a research study comparing two treatment methods for depression, the researcher had difficulty recruiting subjects, and used only five subjects per group, instead of 20 per group as she had originally planned. The most significant problem with this research is lack of:
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statistical power.
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A child who is tested on the WISC-IV at age 10 scores 70. On retesting 2 years later, the child scores higher. The most likely explanation is:
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regression
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What is the sequence of development of depth perception in young infants?
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Kinetic, binocular, pictorial.
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According to Sandra Bem, persons with well-defined gender schemas:
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might manipulate, distort, or ignore information that does not conform to their gender expectations.
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An older Asian woman sees her medical doctor and presents with a variety of somatic complaints. In terms of prescribing an antidepressant, the medical doctor should:
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prescribe a lower dose than for a patient of a different culture. It appears that antidepressants cause more side effects and at lower doses among Asians than among other groups.
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