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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 basic tissue types?
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Epithelium, Connective Tissue, Muscle, Nervous tissue
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What is tissue?
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Cells + Extracellular matrix
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What comprises ground substance?
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Carbohydrates, proteins, electrolytes, and water with a jelly-like consistency.
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What are the functions of GS?
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- Resists comprssion
- Permits diffusion of nutrients & waste |
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What fibers are found in GS?
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- Collagen fibers - structure
- Elastic fibers - stretch |
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What are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)?
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- CARBOHYDRATE chains.
- Negatively charged to attract NA+, and H20 - Resists COMPRESSION - Covalently linked to proteoglycans - Usually SULFATED |
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What is the only non-sulfated GAG?
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- Hyaluronic acid - LARGE
- Causes gel state |
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What are proteoglycans (PGs)?
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- PROTEIN core covalently linked to GAGs
- Attach NONCOVALENTLY to HA: GEL STATE, limiting diffusion - Bacteria secrete hyaluronidase to permit rapid spreading |
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What are glycoproteins (GPs)?
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- Repsonsible for cells binding to ECM
- Bind to cell INTEGRINS, COLLAGEN fibers, and PGs to fasten everything |
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What is COLLAGEN?
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- Main ECM protein; flex but strong
- Made from tropocollagen molecules (3 alpha chains in a triple helix) |
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How is collagen synthesized?
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- Preprocollagen: alpha chains with ADDED propeptide sequences
- 3 of these form a helix together with frayed ends - Transported out, then PROCOLLAGEN PEPTIDASE cleaves propeptides to form tropocollagen mlcls - Tropocollagen spontaneously assemble |
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What is the function of propeptides?
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- Prevents intracellular formation of collagen
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What are elastic fibers?
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- Provide elasticity
- Made of protein elastin |
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What is the BASEMENT MEMBRANE?
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- Light microscopic term. Narrow acellular region b/w eptih and CT
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What comprises the BASEMENT MEMBRANE?
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- Basal lamina --> produced by epith. cells
- Reticular lamina --> produced by CT cells |
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What is the BASAL LAMINA?
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Lamina lucida + lamina densa
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What is the LAMINA LUCIDA
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Made of GP laminin --> attaches lamina densa to epithelium, INTEGRINS
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What is the LAMINA DENSA?
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Type IV COLLAGEN and PG
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What is fibronectin?
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GP in lamina densa that binds to reticular lamina
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