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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Materials transport from cell body to axon terminals |
Anterograde |
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Transport from axon terminals to cell |
Retrograde |
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Ribosomal RNA synthesis Protein synthesis |
Nucleolus |
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With granular and agranular endoplasmic reticulum (filled with ribosomes manufacture and release of protheins) |
Cytoplasm |
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Rough endoplasmic reticulum-protein synthesis |
Nissl substance |
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Smooth ER temporary stores protein produced by nissl substance Lysosomes production and synthesi of cell membrane |
Golgi apparatus |
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CARBOHYDRATEA added to this protein to produce glycoproteins |
Golgi apparatus |
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Numerous in the cell body amd runs parallel to each other Dictates the nerve cell |
Neurofibrils |
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Axon trnsports (transfer of materials to an from axon) assisted by microfilament |
Microtubule |
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Play key role on formation of new cell processes and removal of old ones (together with Microtubule) |
microfilament |
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Paired Involved in maintenance of Microtubules Involves in cell division |
Centrioles |
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Yellowish pigment Metabolic by product of the lysosomes |
Lipfuscin |
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Found in the cytoplasm on some parts of the brain esp in the substantia nigra Related to the formation of dopamine |
Melanin granules |
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Carbohydrates attached to plasma membranes outer layer is linked to proteins or lipid forming a |
Cell coat or glycocalyx |
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Where interneural communication occurs Communication occurs in ONE direction only |
Synapses |
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Type of synapse that is most common Chemical substance (neurotransmitter: passes between cells and attaches to a protein molecule in the postsynaptic membrane receptor) |
Chemical |
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Negative ions causes during synaptic activity |
Hyperpolarization |
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Rare in human NS The neuron communicate electrically, not through a chemical neurotransmitter With gap junctions allowing for ions to freely enter the postsynaptic receptor |
Electrical type of synapse |
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A stimulus is unable to produce an action potential due to inability to get Na chamnels to open |
Absolute RP |
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A strong stimulus can still produce an action potential because at this time, sodium channels are still open |
Relative RP |
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Nonexcitable cell Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Microglia Ependyma |
Neuroglia |
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Supporting frameworks for neuron and its fibers; small bodies wity branching process Prevent axon terminal from affecting unrelated neurons Limits the function of the neurotransmitters or might support function of neighboring neurons Serves as a phagocyte to degeneration axons Play a role in the blood brain barrier structures |
Astrocytes |
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Forms myelin sheath of nerve fibers of CNS This maintains of myelin sheath promotes speed of nerve conduction Small bodies with few processes |
Oligodendrocytes |
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Microglia usually inactive in brain and SC called |
Resting Microglial cell |
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During inflammatory disease, it becomes immune effector cells they become antigen presenting cells and actively phagocytic Smallest of the neuroglia; gives spine-like projections |
Microglia |
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Line the cavities of brain and central canal of SV circulates, basorps CSF transports substance from CSF to hypophyseal portal system Production and secretion of CSF |
Ependyma |
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Bundles of nerve fibers in CNS |
Nerve tracts |
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Bundles of nerve fibers in PNS |
Peripheral tracts |
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Schwann cells 50 turns in |
Pn |
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Oligodendrocytes 60 nerve fibers in |
CNS |
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Small axons of CNS, ANS, axon if pain receptors 15 or more axons share a single schwann cell No nodes of ranvier |
Unmyelinated nerve fibers |
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Leaping mechanism allowing for faster conduction of stimulus |
Saltatory conduction |
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Midline between the 2 hemispheres Sickle shaped fold of dura mater Blends posteriorly with tentorium cerebelli |
Falx cerebri |
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Crescent shape fold of dura Roofs over posterior cranial fossa Covers upper part of cerebellum Supports occipital lobes |
tentorium cerebelli |
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Mandible connects to the skull via |
Temporomandibular joint |
