Express In German: Chapter 16

Front 1

Where are you going tomorrow?

Back 1

Wo fahren Sie denn morgen hin?

Front 2

He came down the stairs. [past - you're at the bottom of the stairs]

Back 2

Er kam die Treppe herunter.

Front 3

Can you come out for a moment? [du - you're outside]

Back 3

Kannst du einen Moment herauskommen?

Front 4

She went down into the cellar. [pres. perf]

Back 4

Sie ist in den Keller hinuntergegangen.

Front 5

Come in, please.

Back 5

Kommen Sie herein, bitte.

Front 6

He went up the stairs and into his room.

Back 6

Er ging die Treppe hinauf und in sein Zimmer hinein.

Front 7

She just went out.

Back 7

Sie ist gerade hinausgegangen.

Front 8

Where do you come from?

Back 8

Wo kommen Sie her?

Front 9

Can you come up in an hour?

Back 9

Können Sie in einer Stunde heraufkommen?

Front 10

We hung the mirror over the chest of drawers. (past)

Back 10

Wir hängten den Spiegel über die Kommode.

Front 11

The newspaper is on the table.

Back 11

Die Zeitung liegt auf dem Tisch.

Front 12

She put the bottles in the refrigerator. (perfect)

Back 12

Sie hat die Flaschen in den Kühlschrank gestellt.

Front 13

He sat down at the table. (past)

Back 13

Er setzte sich an den Tisch.

Front 14

The lamp was next to the sofa. (past)

Back 14

Die Lampe stand neben dem Sofa.

Front 15

I put the coats on the chair. (perfect)

Back 15

Ich habe die Mäntel auf den Stuhl gelegt.

Front 16

They were sitting over there in the corner. (perfect)

Back 16

Sie haben da drüben in der Ecke gesessen.

Front 17

My jacket was hanging in the closet. (perfect)

Back 17

Meine Jacke hat im Kleiderschrank gehangen.

Front 18

He put the carton on the floor. (past)

Back 18

Er setzte den Karton auf den Fußboden.

Front 19

That was a surprising answer.

Back 19

Das war eine überraschende Antwort.

Front 20

It's a growing firm.

Back 20

Es ist eine wachsende Firma.

Front 21

But he's a paying guest.

Back 21

Aber er ist doch ein zahlender Gast.

Front 22

No thinking person does something like that.

Back 22

Kein denkender Mensch tut so etwas.

Front 23

That's a disturbing noise.

Back 23

Das ist ein störender Lärm.

Front 24

He's an outstanding physicist.

Back 24

Er ist ein hervorragender Physiker.

Front 25

In coming years we'll do that differently.

Back 25

In kommenden Jahren machen wir das anders.

Front 26

That's not a convincing argument.

Back 26

Das ist kein überzeugendes Argument.

Front 27

It was a frightening experience. [use: das Erlebnis]

Back 27

Es war ein erschreckendes Erlebnis.

Front 28

Yes, Heidi, there really (doch) are flying saucers.

Back 28

Ja, Heidi, es gibt doch fliegende Untertassen.

Front 29

Soon we will have spent all our money.

Back 29

Bald werden wir unser ganzes Geld ausgegeben haben.
[future perfect: werden + perfect infinitive (i.e. past participle + haben/sein)]

Front 30

By tomorrow you will have forgotten his name.

Back 30

Bis morgen wirst du seinen Namen vergessen haben.

Front 31

vorsichtig: This coat will probably have cost over a thousand euros.

Back 31

Dieser Mantel wird wohl über tausend Euro gekostet haben.
[Just as the future tense can be used to connote present probability, the future perfect can be used to connote past probability.]

Front 32

vorsichtig: Anna will probably have stayed home.

Back 32

Anna wird wohl zu Hause geblieben sein.
[Just as the future tense can be used to connote present probability, the future perfect can be used to connote past probability.]

Front 33

By Friday we will have been here a whole week.

Back 33

Bis Freitag werden wir eine ganze Woche hier gewesen sein.

Front 34

They will probably have arrived after midnight.

Back 34

Sie werden wohl nach Mitternacht angekommen sein.
[future perfect: werden + perfect infinitive (i.e. past participle + haben/sein) - can be used to express past probability]

Front 35

Franz has probably long since fallen asleep.

Back 35

Franz wird wohl längst eingeschlafen sein.
[future perfect: werden + perfect infinitive (i.e. past participle + haben/sein) - can be used to express past probability]] {"längst" is an adv = for a long time, long ago}

Front 36

By Monday I will have handed in my last seminar paper.

Back 36

Bis Montag werde ich meine letzte Seminararbeit eingereicht haben.
[future perfect = conjugated form of werden + perfect infinitive (i.e. past participle + sein/haben)] {note: einreichen = submit}

Front 37

She must have known it.

Back 37

Sie muss es gewusst haben.
[modal with perfect infinitive: expresses speculation or opinion, but based on underlying facts]

Front 38

He could have forgotten it.

Back 38

Er kann es vergessen haben.
[Modal with perfect infinitive - English can use either present tense indicative (can) or the past tense indicative (could), but German uses the present tense (kann). Note past tense of subj II (Er hätte es vergessen können) would imply contrary to fact.]

Front 39

Who could it have been?

Back 39

Wer kann es gewesen sein?
[Modal with perfect infinitive - English can use either present tense indicative (can) or the past tense indicative (could), but German uses the present tense (kann).]

Front 40

She must have left it at home.

Back 40

Sie muss es zu Hause gelassen haben.
[Modal with perfect infinitive (used to express speculation based on underlying fact) - English can use either present tense indicative (can) or the past tense indicative (could), but German uses the present tense (kann).]

Front 41

Who is supposed to have done it?

Back 41

Wer soll es gemacht haben?
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts.]

Front 42

You must have made a mistake. [Sie; use: Fehler]

Back 42

Sie müssen einen Fehler gemacht haben.
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts.]

Front 43

Who could have written the letter?

Back 43

Wer kann den Brief geschrieben haben?
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts.]

Front 44

They could have come later.

Back 44

Sie können später gekommen sein.
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts.]

Front 45

She must have seen him.

Back 45

Sie muss ihn gesehen haben.
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts.]

Front 46

Who could he have given it to?

Back 46

Wem kann er es gegeben haben?
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts. Note: English can use either the present tense indicative (can) or the past tense indicative (could), but German uses only the present tense indicative. ]

Front 47

They must have told him.

Back 47

Sie müssen es ihm gesagt haben.
[Modal with perfect infinitive - English can use either present tense indicative (can) or the past tense indicative (could), but German uses the present tense (kann).]

Front 48

He supposedly got it from a friend.

Back 48

Er soll es von einem Freund bekommen haben.
[Sentences with modals with perfect infinitives (=past participle + haben/sein) express speculation or opinion, but they are based on underlying facts.]

Front 49

They said that they couldn’t find the office. (present perfect - not subj 1)

Back 49

Sie sagten, dass sie das Büro nicht haben finden können.
[In a subordinate clause, the conjugated verb form is normally in the final position. However, when a double infinitive construction is present, the conjugated verb form immediately precedes the two infinitives.]

Front 50

I didn’t know that he wanted to come along. (present perfect)

Back 50

Ich wusste nicht, dass er hat mitkommen wollen.
[In a subordinate clause, the conjugated verb form is normally in the final position. However, when a double infinitive construction is present, the conjugated verb form immediately precedes the two infinitives.]

Front 51

I think that I’ll have to pay the bill. (future)

Back 51

Ich glaube, dass ich die Rechnung werde bezahlen müssen.
[In a subordinate clause, the conjugated verb form is normally in the final position. However, when a double infinitive construction is present, the conjugated verb form immediately precedes the two infinitives.]

Front 52

She said that she couldn’t reach him. (present perfect)

Back 52

Sie sagte, dass sie ihn nicht hat erreichen können.
[In a subordinate clause, the conjugated verb form is normally in the final position. However, when a double infinitive construction is present, the conjugated verb form immediately precedes the two infinitives.]

Front 53

He thinks that we’ll have to take care of it immediately. (future)

Back 53

Er meint, dass wir es sofort werden erledigen müssen.
[In a subordinate clause, the conjugated verb form is normally in the final position. However, when a double infinitive construction is present, the conjugated verb form immediately precedes the two infinitives.]

Front 54

She said that she had to read a lot. (present perfect)

Back 54

Sie sagte, dass sie sehr viel hat lesen müssen.
[In a subordinate clause, the conjugated verb form is normally in the final position. However, when a double infinitive construction is present, the conjugated verb form immediately precedes the two infinitives.]