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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ponce de Leon
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Explored and named Florida 1513
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Ponce de Leon
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Searched for the "fountain of youth"
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Balboa
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Discovered the Isthmus of Panama
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Balboa
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Discovered the Pacific Ocean
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Magellan
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First to travel around the world
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Magellan
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First to cross the Pacific Ocean from the Americas
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Cortes
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Conquered the Aztecs in Mexico
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Pizarro
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Defeated the Incas in Peru
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Cabeza de Vaca and Alvar Nunez
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Spent 8 years exploring the Gulf Coast along Texas
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Coronado
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Searched the southwestern US for the fabled golden cities
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DeSoto
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First Spaniards to cross the Mississippi River, looking for the golden cities.
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Mestizos
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people of mixed decent---Spanish and Native Americans
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Encomienda System
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Native Americans were required to work, farm, ranch, mine for the profit of an individual Spaniard in exchange for protection
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Southeast Coast Forts for Defense
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in and around Florida to protect ships going from Cuba to spain with silver and gold
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Southwest Forts
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Juan Onate established the colony of New Mexico to stretch Mexico's mining industry into that area
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Missionaries
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Spanish forced Native Americans to farm and worship like Catholic Europeans. Some resisted.
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West Coast
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Spain wanted to establish trade routes across the Pacific. Settling California would help keep their rivals out of the area.
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John Cabot
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First known explorer sailing for England to cross the Atlantic
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Frobisher
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Sailed across the Atlantic three times looking for a trade route to Asia through or past North America
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Henry Hudson
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Thought he had found the Northwest Passage, but sailed up a river for 150 miles before discovering he had not. Now the Hudson River
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Sir Frances Drake
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First English captain to sail around the world
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English reasons for colonization
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1. a base in America from which to attack Spanish ships and cities
2. wanted supply stations for their trading ships 3. new markets for English merchants 4. a place for those in England who needed jobs and housing |
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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tried twice to start a colony on Roanoke Island (North Carolina) in 1585 and 1587. Both failed
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Why Jamestown nearly failed
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1. conflict with Native Americans
2. settlers not used to hard work 3. poor location near swamp with disease carrying mosquitoes 4. starvation 5. Poor leadership 6. Too many "gentlemen" |
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Indentured servants
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for those who couldn't afford to sail to America and agreed to work for 4-7 years in exchange for the cost of travel, food and shelter.
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