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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do "chinchilla laniger" originated? |
Southamerica
cool, ropy slopes of andes: Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile. |
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They almost went extincts in the 1800's, why? |
Overhunting by Europeans, pelts were priced. |
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How many chinchillas came to CA in the 1920's? |
11 |
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Body characteristics include |
-Big eyes -compact bodies, delicate limbs -large-round pinnae -long whiskers |
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Are females larger than males? |
Yes
female weight average is 400-600 grams |
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What is the average weight for a male chinchilla? |
400-500 grams |
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Do front and back limbs have the same # of digits? |
Yes, 4 |
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How many pairs of mammary glands and where are they located? |
3 pairs:
-1 inguinal pair -2 lateral thoracic |
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How many hairs can grow from a single follicle? |
60 hairs |
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What color is the natural type chinchilla? |
Blueish-gray |
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How long does hairless patches take to fill in? |
6-8 weeks |
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Are their teeth open rooted? How many do they have? |
Same as guinea pigs: 20 teeth and open rooted |
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Is yellow the normal color for their teeth? |
Yes |
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Chinchillas have a very short GI tract, true or false? |
False! is very large. It can be up to 3.5 meters long. |
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What is the percentage of dry matter that the cecum can hold? |
23% of dry matter |
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Females have 2 horns and 2 cervices, true or false? |
true |
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When do their vagina open? |
-during parturition
-during estrus for 2-4 days |
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Do males have a scrotum? |
NO! their testicles are inside the inguinal canal or abdomen. |
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What is their average life span? |
10 years
but up to 20 years have been reported |
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At what age do they reach sexual maturity? |
male and females: 8 months old |
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How long is the gestation period for chinchillas? |
30-50 days |
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Average litter size? |
2 |
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At what age are they weaned? |
6-8 weeks |
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They need multilevel cages with a lot of room, made out of wire, true or false? |
True! they are acrobatic |
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What do gregarious mean? |
housed -in groups -pairs -polygamous |
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What temperature/environment promotes good fur growth? |
Dry, cool, less than 50% humidity |
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What do they need to maintain their fur health? |
Dust baths |
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How deep dust baths should be? |
2-3 cm |
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They need a HIGH fiber diet, what percentage? |
14-15% bulk fiber |
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Pellets should be a high % in their diets, true or false? |
False! it has to be equal or less than 40% only. |
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What can insufficient roughage cause? |
enteritis |
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What can they have free choice? |
timothy grass
hay |
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What can they have controlled? 1 tsp a day |
TREATS -apples -raisins -hazelnuts -figs
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Preferred venipuncture site for large amount of blood? |
-jugular vein -anterior vena cava |
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Can we use lateral saphenous and cephalic vein for small amounts of blood collections? |
Yes |
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Malocclusion and slobbers are potentiated by... |
-diet -trauma -genetics -infection |
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Clinical signs of malocclusion |
-slobbers -anorexia -weight loss -secondary moist dermatitis |
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What is the treatment for malocclusion? |
-Trim teeth under anesthesia Dremel or Lempert rongeours -feed proper diets |
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Can chinchillas vomit? |
No |
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-drooling -retching -dyspnea
these are signs of |
choke |
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when can chinchillas choke? |
-when they are offered small amounts of fruits-nuts -post parturient female eats the placenta |
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What is bloat? |
Gastric distention |
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Is bloat common in lactating females? |
Yes |
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What can cause bloat? |
-Sudden diet changes -overeating hay rich in clover -GI inflammation |
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Clinical signs of bloat are... |
-laterally recumbent -distended abdomen -dyspnea -lethargy
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How is bloat treated? |
Decompress the stomach |
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Reproductive disorder where ring of hair around the penis prevents it from retracting into the prepuce is called... |
FUR RING |
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Clinical signs of fur ring are |
-excessive grooming -pollakyuria -stranguria |
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How is fur ring treated? |
-Apply sterile lubricant -gently remove fur around penis |
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An oversized fetus or uterine inertia can cause |
dystocia |
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When is a C-section needed? |
When the chinchilla has been in labor for over 4 hours |
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Do chinchillas recover well after a C-section? |
Yes |
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Predator avoidance mechanism that chinchillas have when they are handled roughly is called... |
Fur slip |
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Fur slip is the release of a large patch of fur, allowing the chinchilla to escape, true or false? |
TRUE |
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Trichophyton mentagrophytes is what causes... |
ringworm (dermatophytosis) |
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Where are typically ringworm lesions? |
nose behind the ears |
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In addition to miconazole and griseofulvin, what can be use to treat ringworm in chinchillas? |
Captan mixed in the dust bath to prevent spreading. |
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If chinchillas do not get a dust bath, their fur will be ok. True or false? |
False! they need a dust bath or their fur will get matted. |
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What else can cause the fur to get matted? |
Hot environment (over 80 F degrees!) Humidity |
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What bone is usually seen fractured due to its little soft tissue coverage? |
tibia |
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Treatment for a fracture is a splint, True or false? |
False! surgery is recommended. Splints are not stable. |
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What causes parasitic encephalitis? |
The racoon roundworm "Baylisascaris procyonis" due to larva migration |
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Signs of parasitic encephalitis |
-ataxia -torticolis -paralysis |
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Is there a treatment for parasitic encephalitis? |
no treatment |
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What amount of lead in the blood can cause toxicity in a chinchilla? |
over 25mcg/deciliter |
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Signs of lead toxicity are |
-blindness -seizures |
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How is lead toxicity treated? |
Calcium disodium edetate |
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Chinchillas can suffer from heat stroke when they are exposed to temperatures over... |
over 80 degrees F |
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signs of heat stroke |
-tachypnea -bloody diarrhea -thick salivation -bright red mucous membranes |
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Give the chinchilla a cold ice bath to treat heat stroke, true or false? |
FALSE! reduce temperature slowly with IV fluids and tepid water baths. |
