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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What problems can materalise with rabbit anaesthesia? |
-Underlying respiratory disease -"Nose breather" -Potential for hypothermia -Potential for dehydration -IV access -Intubation -Ileus (gut stasis) |
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What can be done to prevent problems with rabbit anaesthetics? |
-Weigh & do not starve - gut mobility must be preserved & cannot vomit. Remove food 30 mins to ensure mouth is clear -Use EMLA cream for iv access -Supplement O2; nasal catheter & keep warm -Elevate front half of body to reduce pressure on thorax -Give adequate analgesia, intubation -Give fluids at rate 70-100ml/kg/day for maintenance |
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What monitoring is needed for rabbit anaesthetics? |
-Eye position NOT helpful -Palpebral reflex retained until deeper planes -Pedal reflex retained for longer (esp. forelimb) -Ear pinch quite sensitive & HR, RR -Pulse oximetry useful |
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What considerations for g.pig anaesthesia? |
-Same problems as rabbits -Venous access almost impossible when awake -No need to starve prior to GA as do not vomit BUT withhold food for 1 hour to reduce food material in oral cavity -Tongue is bulky & pharynx narrow making intubation difficult |
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What are the protocols for G. pig anaesthetics? |
-Atropine may be given to reduce salivation -Hypnorm licensed for rabbits but large volume, muscle relaxation can be poor -Ketamine combinations -Inhalational anaesthesia (PAIN RELIEF) -Monitoring; palpebral reflex & ear pinch |
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What are the considerations for ferret anaesthesia? |
-Carnivores; treat like small cat / dog -Fast GI transit time so only starve for 4 hours -Size makes iv access for induction difficult & heat / fluid loss significant -Intubation easier than herbivores |
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What are the considerations for chinchilla anaesthesia? |
-Care when handling (fur slip) -Diazepam / ketamine works well for restraint -Inhalational (isoflurane) -Small muscle bulk makes im injections more difficult -Difficult to intubate usually masked |
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What are the considerations for mice / rat anaesthesia? |
-Cannot vomit, don't need to starve -WEIGH to ensure accurate dosing -Hypnorm is licensed but by the ip route in mice -Inhalational anaesthesia safest -In rats underlying respiratory disease may be significant |
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What are the problems with reptile anaesthesia? |
-Reduced larynx, easy to intubate, trachea may be short -Left lung if many snakes vestigial -No diaphragm or intercostal muscles used -Chelonians move head & limbs in & out to breathe - respiratory movement ceases under GA, IPPV essentail -Some species very tolerant of low O2 levels - breath holding makes inhalational induction impossible |
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Monitoring reptiles under anaesthesia? |
-Significant differences in reflexes & parameters -Stethoscope used over damp towel -ECG |
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What are the considerations for bird anaesthesia? |
-Vestigial larynx - easy to intubate -Complete cartilage rings in trachea - do not inflate cuff -Air sacs allow gas exchange in the lungs both on inhalation & expiration -Very easy to overdose - use "maintenance" concentration if using an inhalational agent for induction |
