Exercise Testing And Rx

Front 1

QRS complex represents

Back 1

ventricular depolarization

Front 2

All are associated with metabolic syndrome except:

a. Abdominal obesity
b. Proinflammatory state
c. High triglycerides
d. Smoking

Back 2

Smoking

Front 3

A six month aerobic exercise program ------- absolute submaximal exercise Rate Pressure Product

Back 3

Decreases

Front 4

initial increases in HR from rest to the beginning of exercise (less than 100 bpm) occur by

Back 4

the decrease in parasympathetic activation

Front 5

When recovering from exercise greater than 100 bpm, -------- facilitates the decrease in HR.

Back 5

a decrease in sympathetic activation

Front 6

An increase in afterload does not facilitate an ------ in stroke volume during exercise.

Back 6

increase

Front 7

What is the physiological factor that is the major difference between fitness levels in athletes and untrained individuals?

Back 7

Maximal Stroke Volume

Front 8

Homocysteine, Lipoprotein a, Small LDL particles, and inflammatory markers are -----
while obesity is not.

Back 8

Emerging Risk Factors

Front 9

Increased weight gain, increased sodium intake, inactivity, and diabetes all can increase the risk of

Back 9

Hypertension

Front 10

Nitric Oxide facilitates ---- and is inhibited when damage occurs to the arterial walls

Back 10

vasodilation

Front 11

After six months of aerobic training, Cardiac Output would ----- if you tested the individual at the same relative intensity that you tested before they were trained.

Back 11

increase

Front 12

After six months of training, parasympathetic stimulation would ------ if you tested the individual at the same relative intensity that you did before they were trained.

Back 12

stay the same

Front 13

After six months of aerobic training, cardiac output would ------- if you tested the individual at the same absolute intensity that you did before they were trained.

Back 13

stay the same

Front 14

Which type of diabetes is the most common form of diabetes

Back 14

Type II - Adult onset - Non Insulin dependent - NIDDM - insufficiency or insensitivety of insulin

Front 15

Cardiac output is determined by

Back 15

stroke volume and HR

Front 16

The highest BP that is reached during the contraction phase of the heart cycle is

Back 16

SBP

Front 17

From rest to exercise, mean arterial pressure should

Back 17

increase

Front 18

From rest to exercise, diastolic blood pressure should

Back 18

decrease or remain relatively the same

Front 19

HDL’s greater than ----- is a negative risk factor for coronary heart disease

Back 19

60 mg/dl

Front 20

LDL concentration less than ----- is most desirable

Back 20

100 mg/dl

Front 21

Exercise training can improve the relative risk of coronary heart disease by (3 things)

Back 21

decreasing blood pressure, decreasing body fat, increasing glucose tolerance.

Front 22

The ---- is used as a minimal standard for individuals to enter into low to moderate intensity exercise programs

Back 22

PAR-Q

Front 23

All except what should be included on a medical history exam?
a)Medications
b)exercise history
c)recent surgical procedures d)occupational history e)exercise history
f)health status of children

Back 23

f)health status of children

Front 24

The initial depolarization of the heart occurs at the

Back 24

sinoatrial node

Front 25

Which is not a modifiable risk factor?
a)Family history of CVD
b)obesity
c)impaired fasting glucose d)hypertesnsion

Back 25

a)Family history of CVD

Front 26

What is the primary reason for the increase in blood pressure during exercise?

Back 26

Increased CO

Front 27

Diastolic BP during exercise is affected most by

Back 27

TPR

Front 28

In lead AVR, the P wave should have a ----- deflection

Back 28

Negative

Front 29

In lead II, the P wave should have a ---------- deflection

Back 29

Positive

Front 30

Mean arterial pressure equals (3 Answers)

Back 30

total peripheral resistance x cardiac output
and
(.5(SBP-DBP)+DBP)
(.33(SBP-DBP)+DBP)

Front 31

Normal fasting blood glucose should be between

Back 31

60-99 mg/dl.

Front 32

Stroke volume is lowest in the ------ position

Back 32

standing

Front 33

Heart rate is lowest in the ----- position

Back 33

supine

Front 34

Enlargement is caused by

Back 34

Volume overload

Front 35

Hypertrophy is caused by

Back 35

Pressure overload

Front 36

If the amplitude of the p wave is increased in lead II and VI, this is diagnostic of

Back 36

Right atrial enlargement

Front 37

After six months of aerobic training, sympathetic system stimulation would ------ if you tested the individual in the same absolute intensity that you tested before they were trained.

Back 37

decrease

Front 38

When moving from V1-V6 the R wave becomes ---- and the S wave becomes -----

Back 38

Larger, smaller

Front 39

10 electrodes are placed on the torso to get an exercising --- lead EKG

Back 39

12

Front 40

Bipolar leads

Back 40

Leads I II & III

Front 41

Unipolar leads

Back 41

AVR AVF AVL & V1- V6

Front 42

Leads I II & III
and
AVR AVF AVL are called

Back 42

Limb/ Extremety Leads

Front 43

V1-V6 are called

Back 43

Precordial or chest leads

Front 44

Lead I =

Back 44

LA - RA

Front 45

Lead II =

Back 45

LL - RA

Front 46

Lead III =

Back 46

LL - LA

Front 47

In right axis deviation, the electrical axis of the QRS complex lies between

Back 47

+90-180 degrees

Front 48

What is recommended if a 44 yr old woman with symptoms of heart disease wanted to start a moderate exercise program.

Back 48

A clinical exercise stress test would be recommended

Front 49

when a submax test is given to an individual who has an increased risk and has symptoms of heart disease what do we need to do?

Back 49

Have a physician present

Front 50

1 MET =
(Basal metabolic rate/Metabolic equivalents)

Back 50

3.5 ml/Kg/min

Front 51

Moderate exercise is ----- METs

Back 51

3-4 which is approx. 3-4 mph
(Less than 60% of vo2 max)

Front 52

Positive Risk Factors (7)

Back 52

*Hypercholessterolemia ( > or equal to 200 mg/dl total or > oet 130 for LDL or HDL < 40
(Low HDL's is not Hyperchol.)
*Smoking or those who quit within 6 months
*Hypertension (> oet 140/90)
*Obesity ( > oet 30kg/m2)
*Physical Inactivity
*Impaired fasting Glucose (> oet 100 mg/dl )
*Family Hx (CVD b-4 55 for first degree male relative and b-4 65 for female.

Front 53

Most desirable LDL concentration

Back 53

less than 100 mg/dL

Front 54

AVR + AVF + AVL In your EKG should equal

Back 54

0

Front 55

Lead I + Lead III =

Back 55

Lead II

Front 56

Left axis Deviation lies between what degrees?

Back 56

-90 and 0

Front 57

BP is taken over what artery?

Back 57

Brachial Artery

Front 58

All the following increase after endurance training except
a)Max HR
b)Max SV
c)Max Vo2
d)Max avo2 diff

Back 58

a)Max HR

Front 59

Adaptations of endurance training ----- your parasympathetic activity

Back 59

increases

Front 60

RPP is and indirect measurement of

Back 60

Myocardial oxygen consumption

Front 61

PNS stimulates the SA Node through the

Back 61

Vagus nerve

Front 62

Kindney tests

Back 62

Createine and BUN (Blood urea nitrogen)

Front 63

Liver tests

Back 63

Bilirubin, SGOT, and SGPT

Front 64

Chatecholamines can inervate the AV node and ----- the HR

Back 64

increase

Front 65

6 months of aerobic training does what to your vo2?

Back 65

Has no effect

Front 66

DBP is an indirect measurement of

Back 66

TPR

Front 67

MAP= CO * TPR is the direct or indirect way?

Back 67

Direct

Front 68

Pulse Pressure (PP)=

Back 68

SBP - DBP

Front 69

Rate Pressure Product (RPP)=

Back 69

(SBP *HR) / 100

Front 70

MAP indirect equation when HR < 100 =

Back 70

[ 1/3 (SBP -DBP) + DBP ]

Front 71

MAP indirect equation when HR > oet 100 =

Back 71

[ 1/2 (SBP -DBP) + DBP ]

Front 72

SBP gives and idirect measurement of

Back 72

Cardiac Output

Front 73

Calculate BMI

Back 73

Take lbs/2.2 (Kg)

Take height in inches and * by 2.54 then / by 100 then square it (m^2)

Take both those #'s and do KG/m^2

Only round at the very end

Front 74

BMI Criteria:
Normal
Overwgt.
Obese Class 1
Obese Class 2
Extremely Obese

Back 74

Normal 18.5 - 24.9
Overwgt. 25 - 29.9
Obese Class 1 30 - 34.9
Obese Class 2 35 - 39.9
Extremely Obese > oet 40

Front 75

Low Risk is...
Moderate Risk is...
High Risk is ...

Back 75

* Youger asymptomatic no more than 1 RF
*Older individuals (men greater than oet 45 or women greater than oet 55) who have 2 or more RFs
*Individuals with one ore more signs/symptoms of CVD metabolic disease or pulmonary disease

Front 76

What are the three methods used to calculate HR using an EKG

Back 76

Small box method
Large box method
6 second method

Front 77

Equation for small box method

Back 77

1500 / # of small boxes between two R waves

Front 78

Equation for Large box method

Back 78

300 / # of large boxes between two R waves

Front 79

How to use 6 second method

Back 79

*Use two hash marks (each hash mark is 3 seconds)
*Get as many R waves in as you can by sliding graph over then count them(always starting at zero)
*Multiply that number by 10
*Answer is in BPM

Front 80

When looking for transition zone on the EKG what do you look for if there is no biphasic wave?

Back 80

The lead with the R wave that has the highest amplitude wether it is a neg or pos deflection

Front 81

When getting mean axis deviation degrees look for the biphasic wave in which leads?

Back 81

Limb leads

Front 82

Normal P wave is how many boxes in the duration axis and how many seconds?

Back 82

3 small boxes .12 Sec

Front 83

The amplitude of the P wave should not exceed?

Back 83

2.5 mm