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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the difference between a dietician and a nutritionist? |
dietician: regulated - need undergrad degree and internship nutritionist: can be anyone |
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What are the major nutrients of interest? |
calcium, vitamin D, calories, protein |
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Where do wound occur? What are some symptoms? |
over bony prominence throbbing pain, aching, burning |
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Wounds: *** Why is weight loss a risk factor? How can this be modified? |
catabolic and prevents proper healing maintain 30-35 kcal/ kg BW: if obese then manage weight |
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Wounds: What are some blood tests that should be performed and what do these tell us? |
- CBC and iron: anemia - albumin/ prealbumin: severity and malnutrition - BUN and creatine: dehydration and kidney fn - fasting BG and glycosylated HB |
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Wounds: How can dehydration impact healing? |
skew measurements in blood: glucose etc. |
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Wounds: How can thyroid function impact healing? |
- hypothyroidism: dont break down that fast and ** screen for all people who have wounds |
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Wounds: Hyperglycemia |
high blood sugar over long period of time - can be controlled through combination of PA/ nutrition and medication ** screen |
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Wounds: why is protein important for healing? Amounts of protein needed for each population **** Other nutrients? |
protein lost in wound fluids - normal = 0.8 g/ KG BW - older = 1.0 -1.2 - ill/ wounded = 1.2- 1.5 - severe = 2 and over ** iron and mineral |
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Bone health: what is osteoporosis vs osteopenia? |
- osteoporosis: decrease in bone density and tissue which causes an increase fracture risk - osteopenia: less severe |
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Bone health: What are the nutrients important for this and guidelines for consumption? |
- protein: need to be taken with adequate calcium otherwise will have bone loss (2-3 servings) - calcium: 3 servings or 1200 mg/ day **supplements in 300-400 mg otherwise increase heart risk - vitamin D: 400-1000 IU for 18-50 ***800-2000 IU over 50 or younger with lower bone health |
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Chronic diseases: what are they? What are the four main types? What are the risk factors? |
- non communicable, long term and slow progress - CVD, cancer, diabetes and chronic resp disease - smoking, poor nutrition and inactivity |
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What is the healthy diet recommended for chronic disease? |
Increase: unsat fat, fibre decrease: sat fat, trans fat, sodium |
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What are the normal BMI for adults vs older adults? What is the obesity paradox? |
adults: 18.5-24.9 older adults: 23-29.0 obesity paradox: older adults benefit from higher BMI due to decreased malnutrition, fractures and osteoporosis |
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weight reduction for obesity |
is possible BUT need to focus on maintaining bone mass and muscle: fad diets are not recommended - PA and lifestyle modification working with a clinician |
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What is sarcopenia? What are the causes? |
Loss in skeletal muscle mass - protein: decrease intake and absorption, need more protein but less efficient at getting it - poor nutrition - neurovascular problems - inflammation - hormones - chronic disease and decreased PA |
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How do you diagnose sarcopenia? |
BMI over 30 or FFMI less than 2 SD from mean |
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Exercise recommendations for sarcopenia? |
Endurance and RT: 30 min/ day with progression Need to increase protein more than 1.2 g/ KG BW: 20 g after a workout may be beneficial |
