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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Framingham Heart Study
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Longitudinal study where a random sample of participants underwent physical examinations every 2 years to identify risk factors for heart disease.
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Strong positive correlation
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"correlation" does not = "causation"
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Tecumseh Community Health Studies
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Examined an entire community in Michigan for biological, physical, and social environment to reveal how some people maintain good health while others are more susceptible to disease.
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30 new cases of diabetes in a community per year, 1000 per year?
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Incidence=3 per 100 persons per year.
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Railroad study
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RR of unfit at both exams > RR of unfit at 1st and 2nd > RR of fit at both exams
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Railroad study death rates:
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(Highest death rate) clerks > switchmen> section men (lowest death rate)
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Elevated systolic & diastolic BP are due in part to:
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Increased cardiac output and total peripheral resistance.
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Embolic Stroke
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Due to altered electrical conductivity of the heart as a result of a recent MI or infection
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Lacunar Stroke
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Due to stenosis and reduced perfusion of carotid arteries of the brain.
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Harvard Alumni Study
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Men who expended 2000 kcal/wk or more in exercise gained 1.25 years of life when compared to sedentary men.
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Primary modifiable risk factor for stroke:
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Hypertension
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Framingham Heart Study
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Sedentary men=higher relative risk
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Is there a dose response relationship between physical activity and coronary heart disease?
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Yes.
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Obesity combined with type 2 diabetes and hypertension reduces life expectancy by how much?
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1 year.
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Lipotoxicity
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Depositing of excess lipid in organs that may contribute to insulin resistance in obesity.
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What percent with diabetes mellitus develops blindness?
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2%
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What percent of U.S. healthcare budget goes to obesity?
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12%
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Prevalence of high LDL cholesterol in U.S.?
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40-50%
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Metforamin
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Diabetes, for hyperlipidemia
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Post exercise:
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Increase in HDL-cholesterol and reduction in TG & LDL cholesterol
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