Exercise 7

Front 1

Name the 4 types of bones

Back 1

long
short
flat
irregular

Front 2

femur & bones of the fingers (phalanges); are much longer than they are wide, generally consisting of a shaft with heads at either end, composed predominately of compact bone

Back 2

long bones

Front 3

typically cubed shaped & they contain more spongy bone than compact bone; tarsals & carpals

Back 3

short bones

Front 4

generally thin with 2 waferlike layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them; many are curved, such as the bones of the skull

Back 4

flat bones

Front 5

bones that do not fall into one of the 3 categories are classified here; verebrae

Back 5

irregular

Front 6

enlongated shaft of a long bone

Back 6

diaphysis

Front 7

the end of a long bone, attached to the shaft

Back 7

epiphysis

Front 8

hyaline cartilage covering bone end at moveable joints

Back 8

articular cartilage

Front 9

small rounded projection or process

Back 9

rubercle

Front 10

a furrow

Back 10

sulcus

Front 11

narrow ridge of bone, normally promident

Back 11

crest

Front 12

rounded or oval opening through a bone

Back 12

foramen

Front 13

dense outer layer of bone

Back 13

compact bone

Front 14

cancellous bone; internal layer of skeletal bone, speckled looking

Back 14

spongy bone

Front 15

central cavity of bone; inside tunnel

Back 15

medullary cavity

Front 16

"around the bone"

Back 16

periosteum (location)

Front 17

internal, inside the bone

Back 17

endosteum (location)

Front 18

forms the long axis of the body & includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column & rib cage; bones mostly involved in protecting, supporting or carrying other body parts

Back 18

axial skeleton

Front 19

consists of the bones of the upper & lower limbs & the girdles (should bones & hip bones) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton; locomotion (limbs help us to get from place to place) & to manipulate our environment

Back 19

appendicular skeleton

Front 20

rounded articular projection; in the jaw where is hinges

Back 20

condyle

Front 21

narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent

Back 21

crest

Front 22

raised area on or above a condyle

Back 22

eipcondyle

Front 23

smooth, nearly flat articular surface; end of a rib by the head

Back 23

facet

Front 24

narrow, slit like opening

Back 24

fissure

Front 25

indentations between the bones of the fetal skull

Back 25

fontanel

Front 26

round or oval opening through a bone; on the cheek area under the eye

Back 26

foramen

Front 27

shallow, basin like depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface; side of head behind ear where it curves inward-

Back 27

fossa

Front 28

cavity/depression on bone, small circle;

Back 28

fovea

Front 29

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

Back 29

head

Front 30

canal like passageway; under the ear

Back 30

meatus

Front 31

skinny part under the head

Back 31

neck

Front 32

prominance or projection

Back 32

process

Front 33

space within a bone; filled with air & lined

Back 33

sinus

Front 34

sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Back 34

spine

Front 35

immovable fibrous joint; with one exception, all bones of the skull are united by sutures

Back 35

suture

Front 36

furrow, line, groove

Back 36

sulcus

Front 37

small rounded projection or pocess;

Back 37

tubercle

Front 38

large rounded projection; may be roughened; tibia of leg

Back 38

tuberosity

Front 39

very large, blunt, irregular shaped process (only examples are on the femur)

Back 39

trochanter

Front 40

freely moveable joint;

Back 40

diarthroses

Front 41

a slightly moveable joint

Back 41

amphiarthrosis

Front 42

immovable joint

Back 42

synarthroses

Front 43

bone ends/parts united by collagen fibers; stronger than cartilaginous;

Back 43

fibrous

Front 44

an immovable fibrous joint; with one exception all bones of the skull are united by this

Back 44

suture

Front 45

a completely ossified joint; a fused joint

Back 45

synostosis

Front 46

bones united by ligaments

Back 46

syndesmosis

Front 47

Example of fibrous suture

Back 47

skull; cranial & facial bones

Front 48

Example of fibrous synostosis

Back 48

connection between vertebrae & rib

Front 49

Example of fibrous syndesmosis

Back 49

connection between each vertebrae

Front 50

peg in a socket type of fibrous structural

Back 50

gomphosis

Front 51

Example of fibrous gomphosis

Back 51

teeth embedded in socket

Front 52

bone ends/parts united by cartilage

Back 52

cartilagionous

Front 53

Example of cartilagionous synchondrosis

Back 53

connection between ribs & sternum

Front 54

Example of cartilaginous symphysis

Back 54

pubic bones

Front 55

a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage

Back 55

symphysis

Front 56

bone ends/parts covered with articular cartilage; membrane

Back 56

synovial

Front 57

Name 6 times of synovial joints

Back 57

plane
hinge
pivot
condyloid
ssaddle
ball & socket

Front 58

Example of synovial plane

Back 58

vertebrae

Front 59

Example of synovial hinge

Back 59

ulna & (radius) with humerus

Front 60

Example of synovial pivot

Back 60

radius & ulna

Front 61

Example of synovial condyloid

Back 61

radius & proximal carpals

Front 62

Example of synovial saddle

Back 62

sternum & clavicle

Front 63

Example of synovial ball & socket

Back 63

scapula & humerus

Front 64

Knee joint is what?

Back 64

diarthrosis

Front 65

A symphysis is functionally what type of joint?

Back 65

amphiarthrotic joints - strength with flexibility; symphyses=growing together

Front 66

flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovial membrane & containing a thin flim of synovial fluid; where ligaments, muslces, skin, tendons & bone rub together

Back 66

bursa

Front 67

special types of short bones formed in tendons; patellas (knee caps)

Back 67

sesamoid bones

Front 68

structural bones are tiny bones between cranial bones

Back 68

wormian bones

Front 69

Shoulder joint is what?

Back 69

synovial; ball & socket

Front 70

Elbow joint is what?

Back 70

synovial; hinge & pivot

Front 71

Hip joint is what?

Back 71

synovial; ball & socket (connecting the hip bone & femur)