Exercise 11: Articulations And Body Movements

Front 1

Fibrous Joint

Back 1

Joins fibrous tissue, no joint cavity present, synarthrotic

Front 2

Sutures

Back 2

Type of Fibrous joint; irregular edges of bone interlocking connected by short connective tissue fibers; found in the skull

Front 3

Syndesmoses

Back 3

Fibrous joint; articulating bones by short ligaments by dense fibrous tissue; don't interlock; found at the distal ends of the tibia and fibula.

Front 4

Cartilaginous Joints

Back 4

Contains cartilage; no joint cavity; amphiarthrotic- somewhat movable.

Front 5

Synchondrosis

Back 5

Bony portions united by hyaline cartilage; found at the costal cartilages and epiphyseal plate.

Front 6

Symphysis

Back 6

Means growing together; bones are connected by broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage; intervertebral joints and pubic symphysis

Front 7

Synovial Joints

Back 7

Found in articulating bone ends; separated by a joint cavity containing synovial fluid; diarthrotic; Composed of articular capsule- Double layered sleeve of connective tissue which encloses the joint surfaces and forms the cavity, articular cartilage, bursae- fluid filled sacs helps reduce friction, articular discs- pads of fibrocartilage aka miniscus.

Front 8

Knee Joint

Back 8

Quadriceps tendon, patellar ligament, lateral meniscus, medial meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, fibular collateral ligament, tibial collateral ligament.

Front 9

Anterior

Back 9

Quadriceps tendon- Superior to patella; Patellar Ligament- Inferior to patella

Front 10

Back 10

Lateral Meniscus- Pad of cartilage at the ends of the Femur and Tibia. Medial Meniscus- pad of fibrocartilage; AKA articular discs.

Front 11

Back 11

Anterior Cruciate Ligament- Inside the capsule; Posterior Cruciate Ligament- outside the capsule; both help prevent over flexion and hypertension in the knee.

Front 12

Back 12

Fibular Collateral Ligament- Outside articular capsule, lateral side; Tibial Collateral Ligament- Outside articular capsule, medial side; both prevent rotation.

Front 13

Flexion- Decreases angles of joint

Back 13

Extension- Increasing in angle of the joint

Front 14

Abduction- away from the midline of the body

Back 14

Adduction- towards the midline of the body; adding to the body

Front 15

Rotation- movement along an axis; Lateral rotation and Medial rotation

Back 15

Circumduction- Circular movement around an axis; found at the ball and socket joints.

Front 16

Pronation- palms facing down

Back 16

Supination- palms facing up

Front 17

Inversion- medially pointing of the foot

Back 17

Eversion- Outward facing feet.

Front 18

Dorsiflextion- toes up toward the knee

Back 18

Plantar Flexion- planting toes down; pointing the feet.